A. Beham, Sebastian Leitner, Johannes Karder, Bernhard Werth, S. Wagner
{"title":"DynStack","authors":"A. Beham, Sebastian Leitner, Johannes Karder, Bernhard Werth, S. Wagner","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3533957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3533957","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic optimization problems (DOPs) are an underrepresented class in benchmarking evolutionary computation systems (ECS). Most benchmarks focus on more or less expensive problems, but which never change during the optimization. In real-world logistics operations however, dynamic changes and even uncertainty are natural and have to be dealt with. While evolutionary algorithms are certainly well suited methods to tackle such problems, the field lacks public and open source, easy-to-use, but still complex dynamic environments for comparing and further developing the methods. In this work, we highlight the framework that we have created and open sourced as part of the DynStack competition which was first held at GECCO 2020. We present the underlying principles of the framework, the architecture that eases the application, and potential ways to benchmark a range of methods. The environments implemented in this framework are real-world industrial scenarios, that have been simplified, but which still convey practical challenges in the application of ECS to real-world problems.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121568524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A population based-approach to address real-life transport on-demand problems","authors":"Sonia Nasri, H. Bouziri, Wassila Aggoune-Mtalaa","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3533940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3533940","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims at improving the quality of the service provided to the customers within real-life demand-responsive transportation systems. To this end, a new customer-oriented problem is designed to minimize both total transit time for the transportation service providers and total waiting time for the travellers. To solve the new problem, an evolutionary algorithm is proposed and compared with a hybrid evolutionary one from the literature. Preliminary computational experiments show the effectiveness of our method.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124378459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JGEA","authors":"Eric Medvet, Giorgia Nadizar, L. Manzoni","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3533960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3533960","url":null,"abstract":"We present the Java General Evolutionary Algorithm (JGEA) framework, a modular Java framework for experimenting with Evolutionary Computation (EC). We designed JGEA to be (a) aimed at providing a general interface to potentially all Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), yet (b) solid and easy to use for people who rely on EC as a tool. To this extent, we developed JGEA including a range of ready-to-use EAs, backed by a modular architecture, comprising diverse layers of abstraction, which simplifies the implementation of new EAs and the addition of new features. Here, we detail the general structure of JGEA, focusing on its high-level components, and present the use case of the introduction of a new EA in the framework. To complete the picture, we illustrate the application of JGEA for solving a real world problem, from its formal definition in the framework to the saving and processing of results. The source code of JGEA is available at https://github.com/ericmedvet/jgea.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126287835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Policy network for solving flexible job shop scheduling problem with setup times and rescoure constraints","authors":"N. Xu, Tian-Ming Bu","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3529084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3529084","url":null,"abstract":"The flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is one of the most popular scheduling problems which allows an operation to be completed on several machines in a specific order and is well known as NP-hardness. And in today's industrial manufacturing environment, this problem is becoming more complex. We should take sequence-dependent setup times and resource constraints into account during the manufacturing process. In this article, a policy network is designed to solve the extended FJSP, with the goal of minimizing the total completion time (makespan). Three dispatching rules are proposed to simultaneously select an operation and assign it on a feasible machine at each scheduling point. To describe the manufacturing status at a scheduling stage, six state features are extracted as the input of the network. After the calculation of the network, the distribution of choosing each dispatching rule is obtained. After all of the operations are completed, the policy network is trained using policy gradient, a well-known reinforcement learning (RL) method. Finally, we generate ten benchmark data instances with different scales to compare the performance and efficiency of policy network with other algorithms. The proposed policy network outperforms its competitors, according to the results of the experiments.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128045588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of mirrored sampling with active CMA and sample reuse in the CMAES-APOP algorithm","authors":"Duc Manh Nguyen","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3528947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3528947","url":null,"abstract":"The CMAES-APOP is a variation of the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) which adjusts the population size in the CMA-ES to deal with multi-modal functions. In this paper, we investigate two methods to improve the performance of this algorithm. The first one is based on the mirrored sampling with active covariance matrix adaptation. The second one is to keep some search points of the previous iteration for the evolution of the current iteration when the population size is large. We will show that the techniques can enhance the performance of the CMAES-APOP on some benchmark multi-modal functions, especially when they are used simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128072145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Bomarito, P. Leser, N. Strauss, K. Garbrecht, J. Hochhalter
{"title":"Bayesian model selection for reducing bloat and overfitting in genetic programming for symbolic regression","authors":"G. Bomarito, P. Leser, N. Strauss, K. Garbrecht, J. Hochhalter","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3528899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3528899","url":null,"abstract":"When performing symbolic regression using genetic programming, overfitting and bloat can negatively impact generalizability and interpretability of the resulting equations as well as increase computation times. A Bayesian fitness metric is introduced and its impact on bloat and overfitting during population evolution is studied and compared to common alternatives in the literature. The proposed approach was found to be more robust to noise and data sparsity in numerical experiments, guiding evolution to a level of complexity appropriate to the dataset. Further evolution of the population resulted not in overfitting or bloat, but rather in slight simplifications in model form. The ability to identify an equation of complexity appropriate to the scale of noise in the training data was also demonstrated. In general, the Bayesian model selection algorithm was shown to be an effective means of regularization which resulted in less bloat and overfitting when any amount of noise was present in the training data. The efficacy of a Genetic Programming (GP) [1] solution is often characterized by its (1) fitness, i.e. ability to perform a training task, (2) complexity, and (3) generalizability, i.e. ability to perform its task in an unseen scenario. Bloat is a common phenomenon for GP in which continued training results in significant increases in complexity with minimal improvements in fitness. There are several theories for the prevalence of bloat in GP which postulate possible evolutionary benefits of bloat [2]; however, for most practical purposes bloat is a hindrance rather than a benefit. For example, bloated solutions are less interpretable and more computationally expensive. Overfitting is another common phenomena in GP and the broader machine learning field. Overfitting occurs when continued training results in better fitness but reduced generalizability.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121453411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolving convolutional neural networks for intrusion detection system using hybrid multi-strategy aquila optimizer","authors":"Wei-Xiang Sun, Qianmu Li, Pengchuan Wang, J. Hou","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3529021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3529021","url":null,"abstract":"As the attack methods of intruders become more complicated and intelligent, the capability of the intrusion detection system (IDS) should be improved to deal with this situation. In recent years, deep learning has been widely used in the IDS because deep learning has advantages in processing high-dimensional data, obtaining hidden information in data, and solving the problem of data imbalance in the network. In addition, swarm intelligence algorithms (SI) as stochastic optimization methods have been extensively employed to improve various optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a hybrid multi-strategy aquila optimizer (HMAO) to obtain the optimal subset of features extracted by convolutional neural networks to train the IDS classifier. We demonstrate the superiority of HMAO by using standard benchmark function experiment. Then, we evaluate the proposed algorithm for IDS on UNSW-NB15 dataset. The experimental results show that HMAO outperforms the original algorithm in terms of the capacity of finding excellent solutions greatly. Furthermore, in the application of IDS, the proposed algorithm performs better than several feature engineering methods from state-of-the-art related works in Accuracy, TPR, FPR, and F-score.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"188 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132329844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Nalepa, Stanislaw Czembor, Wojciech Dudzik, M. Kawulok
{"title":"Evolutionary algorithms meet classical and deep machine learning for skin detection in color images","authors":"J. Nalepa, Stanislaw Czembor, Wojciech Dudzik, M. Kawulok","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3533941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3533941","url":null,"abstract":"Skin detection in color images has become an active research topic due to its numerous practical applications. In this paper, we couple classical and deep machine learning, together with an evolutionary training set selection algorithm for this task, and build an end-to-end pipeline that can flexibly benefit from such techniques. The experiments indicate that our approach can deliver accurate skin detection in a short time that may be generalized over different datasets, and that evolutionary training set selection can play a key role to allow for training the models from large training data.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133627505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards the evolutionary assessment of neural transformers trained on source code","authors":"Martina Saletta, C. Ferretti","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3534044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3534044","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, deep learning have become popular for solving tasks in a wide range of domains. With this growing diffusion, combined with architectures becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated, understanding how deep models make their predictions is now a crucial and challenging research issue. In this work, we are interested in analysing the behaviour of networks that deal with source code, and we address the problem along two experimental directions: in the first one, we study the activations of the neurons of a transformer trained in the detection of software vulnerabilities so as to identify if (and, eventually, where) some human understandable concepts emerge in the network. In the second one, we generate programs by applying a grammar-based evolutionary algorithm with a fitness function that favours individuals which stimulate (or weaken) the activations in neurons where given concepts majorly emerge. We then study the output of the network on sets of such evolved programs, i.e. how the evolutionary pressure along the direction of a concept affects the prediction. We finally discuss how this combination of evolutionary algorithms with fitness functions derived from the neural activations can be effective for explaining the decision process of deep models, and we suggest further research directions.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133442959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NL-SOMA-CLP for real parameter single objective bound constrained optimization","authors":"Hao Ding, Yongfeng Gu, Hua Wu, Jun Zhou","doi":"10.1145/3520304.3534051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3534051","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a competition entry for the Real Parameter Single Objective Bound Constrained Optimization at The Genetic Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) 2022. A new variant of Self-organizing Migrating Algorithm with CLustering-aided migration and adaptive perturbation vector control (SOMA-CLP) is proposed in this paper, which is titled Non-Linear Population Size Reduction and Nearest Neighbor Leader Selection SOMA-CLP(NL-SOMA-CLP). Overall, NL-SOMA-CLP improves the SOMA-CLP by using two techniques: a) a non-linear automatic reduction of population size and b) a nearest neighbor leader selection strategy.","PeriodicalId":216331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132007428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}