Scientific Data最新文献

An image dataset of Chinese hickory in natural orchards. 天然果园中国山核桃图像数据集。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07407-9

Na Jia, Chengjin Fu, Kai Chen, Jiuqing Liu

{"title":"An image dataset of Chinese hickory in natural orchards.","authors":"Na Jia, Chengjin Fu, Kai Chen, Jiuqing Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07407-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07407-9","url":null,"abstract":"We present CaryaData, an image dataset of Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) fruit maturity acquired in natural orchards in Zhejiang Province, China. The dataset comprises 1,661 canopy images (3024 × 3024 pixels) spanning key developmental stages from fruit enlargement to harvest. Within these images, 3,211 visually discernible fruit instances are annotated with axis-aligned bounding boxes and assigned to three maturity levels (maturity1-maturity3) or an unknown class for visually uncertain cases (labelled as unknown in the released annotations), based on pericarp colour, surface blemishes and cracking status. Data construction followed a rigorous quality-control workflow, including automated image quality filtering, standardised maturity interpretation, and a two-round annotation process with double-blind cross-validation of all images. To facilitate modelling and quantitative analysis, CaryaData also provides a derived subset uniformly resized to 640 × 640 pixels, together with image-level and instance-level metadata describing illumination, maturity composition and geometric properties of targets. Physical detachment force experiments confirmed the biological consistency of the maturity grading, and benchmark experiments showed that CaryaData supports deep learning-based fruit maturity assessment, offering a reusable resource for research on maturity evaluation, yield estimation and intelligent harvesting in Chinese hickory orchards.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A global dataset of soil organic carbon accumulation rate in coastal ecosystems. 海岸带生态系统土壤有机碳积累速率全球数据集

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07412-y

Lihua Pang, Tianping Xu, Zhan Hu, Baoshan Cui, Na Zhang, Liming Xue, Shuai Liu, Shoufeng Chi, Zezheng Liu

{"title":"A global dataset of soil organic carbon accumulation rate in coastal ecosystems.","authors":"Lihua Pang, Tianping Xu, Zhan Hu, Baoshan Cui, Na Zhang, Liming Xue, Shuai Liu, Shoufeng Chi, Zezheng Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07412-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07412-y","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal ecosystems are increasingly recognized as a crucial nature-based climate solution due to their remarkable capacity for carbon sequestration. However, the spatial distribution and quantification of soil organic carbon accumulation rate (OCAR) at the global scale remain limited. Here, we assemble an open global dataset of soil OCAR in coastal ecosystems from a systematic literature review. The dataset comprises 8,998 field observations from 247 peer-reviewed articles, encompassing four distinct ecosystem types (mangroves, salt marshes, seagrasses, and tidal flats). Furthermore, the dataset includes publication details of the source articles, geographical and ecological attributes of the sampling sites, and information for each observation. The dataset can be employed to more precisely quantify and map global coastal soil carbon sequestration capacity, enabling the development of global spatiotemporal prediction models. This dataset serves as a vital scientific foundation for informing management strategies of coastal ecosystems and guiding future carbon credit markets.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eupentacta fraudatrix: the first chromosome-level holothurian genome with extraordinarily high heterozygosity. 假鳗：第一个染色体水平的全息图基因组，具有极高的杂合性。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07395-w

Alexey V Boyko, Igor Yu Dolmatov

{"title":"Eupentacta fraudatrix: the first chromosome-level holothurian genome with extraordinarily high heterozygosity.","authors":"Alexey V Boyko, Igor Yu Dolmatov","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07395-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07395-w","url":null,"abstract":"Eupentacta fraudatrix is the only species of sea cucumbers for which transdifferentiation has been described. This type of cell type switching occurs during gut regeneration after evisceration, which makes this species a scientifically valuable model for studying regeneration mechanisms. Moreover, chromosome-level genomes for the family Sclerodactylidae have not been available until now. In this study, we employed the MGI short-read, Oxford Nanopore, and Hi-C technologies to assemble and annotate two chromosome-level, high-quality haplotypes of E. fraudatrix. The estimated heterozygosity was 5.1%, which is much higher than the known values for sea cucumber genomes. Both haplotypes are nearly equivalent, containing 23 chromosomes with a total length of approximately 1.6 gigabase pairs, and 99% of assembled bases anchored to chromosome-level scaffolds. The annotation predicted 26,352 protein-coding genes for one haplotype and 25,238 genes for the other, with BUSCO assessment revealing 98.1 and 97.9% complete metazoa_odb12 core genes. The chromosome-level assembly and annotation of E. fraudatrix genome will provide a genomic basis for further phylogenetic, comparative, and molecular biological studies of echinoderm regeneration.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Europe wide agricultural land use systems by harmonizing the Copernicus High Resolution Layers on grassland and croplands. 通过协调哥白尼在草地和农田上的高分辨率层，欧洲广泛的农业用地系统。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07374-1

Fernando Fahl, Marijn van der Velde, Martin Claverie, Momchil Yordanov, Laura Martinez Sanchez, Emanuele Lugato

{"title":"Europe wide agricultural land use systems by harmonizing the Copernicus High Resolution Layers on grassland and croplands.","authors":"Fernando Fahl, Marijn van der Velde, Martin Claverie, Momchil Yordanov, Laura Martinez Sanchez, Emanuele Lugato","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07374-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07374-1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Europe-wide agricultural land use systems map produced by the integration and harmonization of grasslands and croplands layers from the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service High Resolution Layers (HRL) in Europe. By utilizing high-resolution spatial data from the Copernicus Sentinel missions, the study applies a predefined set of logical rules to identify crop-grass sequences by combining the HRL products. The resulting maps provide detailed classifications of permanent grasslands, permanent crops, arable systems, and land use changes across 38 countries in the European Environment Agency network (EEA38) from 2017 to 2021. European agriculture is dominated by permanent grasslands (45.5%), followed by arable systems including temporary grassland (33.5%), permanent crops (3.8%), and land use change (1.6%). While the study is based on HRL products with substantial accuracy, some discrepancies (<3% of classified areas), such as disagreements in land use classifications across years and data gaps, present opportunities for further refinement and improvement. The derived harmonized agricultural land use systems data is a step forward for assessments in land and soil management, nature restoration, and climate mitigation targets.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Four decades of circumpolar super-resolved satellite land surface temperature data. 四十年的环极超分辨卫星地表温度数据。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07399-6

Sonia Dupuis, Nando Metzger, Konrad Schindler, Frank Göttsche, Stefan Wunderle

{"title":"Four decades of circumpolar super-resolved satellite land surface temperature data.","authors":"Sonia Dupuis, Nando Metzger, Konrad Schindler, Frank Göttsche, Stefan Wunderle","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07399-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07399-6","url":null,"abstract":"Land surface temperature (LST) is an essential climate variable (ECV) crucial for understanding land-atmosphere energy exchange and monitoring climate change, especially in the rapidly warming Arctic. Long-term satellite-based LST records, such as those derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), are essential for detecting climate trends. However, the coarse spatial resolution of AVHRR's global area coverage (GAC) data limit their utility for analyzing fine-scale permafrost dynamics and other surface processes in the Arctic. This paper presents a new 42 years pan-Arctic LST dataset, downscaled from AVHRR GAC to 1 km with a super-resolution algorithm based on a deep anisotropic diffusion model. The model is trained on MODIS LST data, using coarsened inputs and native-resolution outputs, guided by high-resolution land cover, digital elevation, and vegetation height maps. The resulting dataset provides twice-daily, 1 km LST observations for the entire pan-Arctic region over four decades. This enhanced dataset enables improved modelling of permafrost, reconstruction of near-surface air temperature, and assessment of surface mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Additionally, it supports climate monitoring efforts in the pre-MODIS era and offers a framework adaptable to future satellite missions for thermal infrared observation and climate data record continuity.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Materials dataset from microgravity levitation experiments on the China Space Station. 修正：中国空间站微重力悬浮实验材料数据集。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07369-y

Yanan Liu, Shengyang Li, Bo Yang, Yunfei Liu, Yunziwei Deng, Jianding Yu, Xuzhi Li

引用次数: 0

Telomere-to-Telomere, Haplotype-Resolved Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Annotation of Taiwan Hard Clam (Meretrix taiwanica). 台湾硬蛤的端粒-端粒、单倍型解析染色体水平基因组组装与注释。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07409-7

Ching-Huei Huang, Po-Cheng Hsu, San-Tzu Hsieh, Fu-Shen Tseng, Chung-Yen Lin

{"title":"Telomere-to-Telomere, Haplotype-Resolved Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Annotation of Taiwan Hard Clam (Meretrix taiwanica).","authors":"Ching-Huei Huang, Po-Cheng Hsu, San-Tzu Hsieh, Fu-Shen Tseng, Chung-Yen Lin","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07409-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07409-7","url":null,"abstract":"Taiwan Hard Clam (Meretrix taiwanica) is an economically important aquaculture species in Taiwan, yet genomic resources for this species have remained fragmented. We present a telomere-to-telomere (T2T), haplotype-resolved, chromosome-level genome assembly for M. taiwanica, generated using PacBio HiFi long reads and Hi-C sequencing. The two haploid assemblies (hap1 and hap2) span 1,006.48 Mb and 1,007.28 Mb, comprising 126 and 66 sequences, respectively, and each containing 19 chromosomes. Hap1 and hap2 exhibit sequence N50 values of 53.87 Mb and 51.57 Mb, with average scaffold lengths of 7.99 Mb and 15.26 Mb, and contain 0.0176% and 0.1313% ambiguous bases. Comparative analyses revealed 81.59% and 83.78% syntenic regions between haplotypes and identified 10,175 structural variations. Repetitive elements constitute 47.06% and 47.02% of the hap1 and hap2 genomes. We annotated 23,320 and 23,598 protein-coding gene models, with median gene lengths of 7,721 bp and 7,657.5 bp, respectively. The mitochondrial genome was assembled at 21,164 bp and encodes 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs. Functional annotation covered 16.23% and 16.33% of the nuclear and mitochondrial gene sets. BUSCO analysis indicated genome completeness of 92.4% and 92.5%, and proteome completeness of 95.4% and 94.5% for hap1 and hap2. By providing the first T2T-level reference, this dataset enables precise identification of trait-associated markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS), thereby facilitating genetic improvement of growth and stress-resistance traits. Furthermore, it serves as a robust genomic framework for conservation genomics to assess the genetic diversity of both wild and hatchery populations of this economically vital species.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: National coastal wetland mapping over the last four decades: An annual classification with high accuracy. 校正：近四十年来全国沿海湿地制图：高精度的年度分类。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07365-2

Zhiwei Zhang, Yuan Chi, Zhenhang Liu, Xinyang Zhang, Guomin Zhang

引用次数: 0

An Annotated Corneal Confocal Microscopy Dataset for Nerve Segmentation and Clinical Characterization. 用于神经分割和临床表征的带注释的角膜共聚焦显微镜数据集。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07418-6

Qincheng Qiao, Juan Cao, Xinguo Hou

{"title":"An Annotated Corneal Confocal Microscopy Dataset for Nerve Segmentation and Clinical Characterization.","authors":"Qincheng Qiao, Juan Cao, Xinguo Hou","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07418-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07418-6","url":null,"abstract":"Corneal confocal microscopy enables in vivo visualisation of the sub-basal nerve plexus; however, most available datasets provide only centreline annotations, and open pixel-level annotations are comparatively scarce, limiting broader pixel-level segmentation research. Existing resources vary in quality, annotation strategy, and clinical coverage, complicating objective algorithm comparisons and reducing their utility in developing robust models. To address these gaps, we introduce a new dataset of 410 high-quality images from 88 participants, each paired with an expert-reviewed pixel-level nerve mask. These images span two independently collected subsets with distinct acquisition conditions and participant groups. Demographic information is available for each participant, and one subset contained detailed clinical and laboratory data. The dataset offers detailed, manually curated delineations of nerve fibres, consistent formatting, and clear provenance. It is intended to support the training and validation of segmentation models, assess generalisability across imaging conditions, and explore the associations between image-derived metrics and clinical characteristics.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global satellite-based sea and sea-ice surface temperatures since 1982. 1982年以来全球基于卫星的海洋和海冰表面温度。

IF 6.9 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Data Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-026-07363-4

Pia Englyst, Ioanna Karagali, Ida L Olsen, Guisella Gacitúa, Alex Hayward, Nishka Dasgupta, Johan H Scheller, Jacob L Høyer

{"title":"Global satellite-based sea and sea-ice surface temperatures since 1982.","authors":"Pia Englyst, Ioanna Karagali, Ida L Olsen, Guisella Gacitúa, Alex Hayward, Nishka Dasgupta, Johan H Scheller, Jacob L Høyer","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07363-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07363-4","url":null,"abstract":"A 43-year Climate Data Record (CDR) of combined global sea and sea-ice surface temperature (SST/IST) from 1982 to 2024 has been produced from satellite observations within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). Infrared and microwave satellite data are integrated using optimal interpolation to provide daily, gap-free (L4, 0.05°) global SST/IST fields. Consistent and accurate sea-ice concentration (SIC) fields are derived by combining passive microwave SIC CDRs with sea ice charts, improving SST and IST characterization. The product also includes under-ice SST (UISST) derived from SIC and monthly salinity climatologies. Validation against in situ SSTs shows median differences of -0.04 °C and robust standard deviations of 0.17-0.28 °C. For sea ice, the median differences range from 1.41 °C to - 4.62 °C, with robust standard deviations of 2.55-4.99 ∘C. This CDR provides a novel and consistent dataset for assessing climate change and extremes in polar regions and globally, independently of sea-ice cover. From 1982-2024, global SST/IST increased by ~0.75 °C, with amplified Arctic warming (~4.36 °C) and modest Antarctic warming ~0.54 °C), although recent years have been record-breakingly warm in Antarctica.","PeriodicalId":21597,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0