Sexes Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4040034

Adam Davies, Justin Brass, Victoria Martins Mendonca, Samantha O’Leary, Malissa Bryan, Ruth Neustifter

引用次数: 0

Depression and Anxiety among Gay and Bisexual Men: Testing a Mediated Moderation Model of Mindfulness and Adult Attachment 男同性恋和双性恋男性的抑郁和焦虑:正念和成人依恋的中介调节模型的检验

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4040032

K. Marie Sizemore, Shannon S. Gray, Steven Samrock, Brett M. Millar, Christian Grov, H. Jonathon Rendina

{"title":"Depression and Anxiety among Gay and Bisexual Men: Testing a Mediated Moderation Model of Mindfulness and Adult Attachment","authors":"K. Marie Sizemore, Shannon S. Gray, Steven Samrock, Brett M. Millar, Christian Grov, H. Jonathon Rendina","doi":"10.3390/sexes4040032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4040032","url":null,"abstract":"For sexual minority men (SMM), attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance are evidenced to predict poor mental health (e.g., depression and anxiety). While mindfulness is known to mediate this relationship among the general population, it has yet to be examined among SMM. This study examined the interaction of attachment anxiety and avoidance, and the mediating effect of mindfulness, in predicting symptoms of depression and anxiety among a sample of gay and bisexual men (GBM) in the U.S. We used regression-based path analyses to test the interaction of attachment anxiety and avoidance on symptoms of anxiety and depression. Attachment anxiety and avoidance were positively associated with mental health symptoms. In the model predicting anxiety, we found a significant interaction, indicating that individuals high in attachment anxiety and avoidance had the highest BSI scores. In model 2, direct effects for attachment anxiety and avoidance remained significant, and mindfulness was negatively associated with both mental health symptoms. Significant indirect effects from attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, through mindfulness, to both depressive and anxiety symptoms were observed. No evidence of mediated moderation was found. Our findings show that attachment is an important predictor of mental health among GBM and support previous research on the mediating role of mindfulness in this association.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Carefully Curated/For Heart and Soul”: Sensing Place Identity in Sex Workplaces “精心策划/为心灵和灵魂”:感知性工作场所的场所身份

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4040031

Alison L. Grittner

引用次数: 0

Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Childhood: A Review 儿童非典型性先天性肾上腺增生:综述

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4040030

Giulia Bertolucci, Nina Tyutyusheva, Margherita Sepich, Fulvia Baldinotti, Maria Adelaide Caligo, Maria Rita Sessa, Diego Giampiero Peroni, Silvano Bertelloni

引用次数: 0

Masculinity and the Questions of “Is” and “Ought”: Revisiting the Definition of the Notion of Masculinity Itself 男子气概与“是”与“应该”的问题:重新审视男子气概本身概念的定义

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4040029

Ognjen Arandjelović

{"title":"Masculinity and the Questions of “Is” and “Ought”: Revisiting the Definition of the Notion of Masculinity Itself","authors":"Ognjen Arandjelović","doi":"10.3390/sexes4040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4040029","url":null,"abstract":"The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) lists 1571 as the year of the first recorded use of the English word ‘masculinity’; the Ancient Greek α˘νδρϵι´α¯ (andreia), usually translated as ‘courage’, was also used to refer to manliness. The notion of manliness or masculinity is undoubtedly older still. Yet, despite this seeming familiarity, not only is the notion proving to be highly elusive, its understanding by the society being in a constant flux, but is also one which is at the root of bitter division and confrontation, and which has tangible and far-reaching real-world effects. At the same time, while masculinity has been attracting an increasing amount of attention in academia, the large body of published work seldom goes to the very foundations of the issue, failing to explicitly and with clarity reach a consensus as to how masculinity ought to be understood. Herein, I critique the leading contemporary thought, showing it to be poorly conceived and confounded, and often lacking in substance which would raise it to the level of the actionable and constructive. Hence, I propose an alternative view which is void of the observed deficiencies, and discuss how its adoption would facilitate a conciliation between the currently warring factions, focusing everybody’s efforts on addressing the actual ethical, deconfounded of specious distractions.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local School Boards and LGBTQ Policy Decisions: A Qualitative Case Study 地方学校董事会与LGBTQ政策决定:定性案例研究

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4030028

A. Scott Henderson

{"title":"Local School Boards and LGBTQ Policy Decisions: A Qualitative Case Study","authors":"A. Scott Henderson","doi":"10.3390/sexes4030028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4030028","url":null,"abstract":"On 7 September 2022, the Miami-Dade School Board (MDSB), the governing body of one of the largest school districts in the U.S., rejected a resolution requiring the MDSB to observe October 2022 as LGBTQ History Month and directing the district’s superintendent to investigate the feasibility of providing “information and resources” about landmark LGBTQ Supreme Court cases for optional use in high school government classes. The current study coded the transcript of the September 7 meeting utilizing qualitative research protocols based on grounded theory. The resulting analysis identified three themes (curriculum, coercion, and illegality) associated with comments made by members of the public who opposed the resolution and three themes (curriculum, well-being, and anti-LGBTQ bigotry) associated with comments made by members of the public who supported the resolution. Analysis of the September 7 transcript also identified one primary theme (illegality) associated with MDSB members who opposed the resolution and two themes (disinformation and choice) associated with the MDSB member who supported the resolution. In addition to illustrating certain aspects of a contemporary moral panic in the U.S. and other countries, these results provide insights into how the public and U.S. school board members perceive the appropriateness and limitations of addressing the needs of contemporary LGBTQ students.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135207947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender: A Postmodern Idea Developed in Association with the Modern Concept of Sex in Considering the Implications for Evolving Sexuality 性别:一种与现代性概念相结合的后现代观念，在考虑性进化的含义时

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4030027

Carol Nash

{"title":"Gender: A Postmodern Idea Developed in Association with the Modern Concept of Sex in Considering the Implications for Evolving Sexuality","authors":"Carol Nash","doi":"10.3390/sexes4030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4030027","url":null,"abstract":"The presently ubiquitous idea of how gender is defined remains deeply indebted to modern thought, depending on the concept of sex as its reference point. Originating with practices arising from capitalism, modern thought’s concept of sex was enhanced with the search for the norm regarding standardization, then further refined through the research program of eugenics. Gender, in contrast to sex, has its roots in sexual practice changes from the second half of the twentieth century onward, developed in association with 1980s postmodern thought. The presuppositions of the two concepts differ radically. Understanding the difference between sex and gender matters because gender is now more than a critique of sex—it is an idea that is accepted and understood in popular culture and affects how people interpret their sexuality. This review examines the foundations of modern and postmodern thought, then focuses on sex and gender with respect to their history within these modes of thought. The conclusion, pointing to future research, is that a further reformulation of sexuality will be required for gender, as a postmodern idea, to truly separate itself from the presumptions of sex as a modern concept, permitting individuals to express their sexuality as they choose without negative social and psychological repercussions.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88319458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychosocial Traumatic Environments: A Clinical Case of Childhood Abuse 心理创伤环境:一个儿童虐待的临床案例

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4030026

Carmen Amorim-Gaudêncio, Gisele Suminski Mendes, Lucas Silveira

{"title":"Psychosocial Traumatic Environments: A Clinical Case of Childhood Abuse","authors":"Carmen Amorim-Gaudêncio, Gisele Suminski Mendes, Lucas Silveira","doi":"10.3390/sexes4030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4030026","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic psychosocial environments directly impact adult life. Compromised self-esteem, emotional self-regulation, and interpersonal relationships are observed, and a predisposition to the presence of mental and personality disorders is exacerbated in cases of sexual abuse. Science has presented quantitative and statistical studies on child abuse and a limited number of studies that have investigated the consequences and long-term impacts on the lives of individuals who suffered maltreatment in childhood and did not have access to forms of protection or social support after the identification of child abuse, especially in Brazil. Therefore, this case report is a qualitative study of an ideographic nature which aims to evaluate the “particular” form of abuse repercussions in the life of a 60-year-old woman, giving voice to the victim of child abuse through the process of the investigation and complex analysis of her life history and family relationships. The psychological assessment protocol included a semi-structured interview, active listening, a genogram, and a mental status examination. The results reveal the coexistence of a rigid and violent environment with the presence of physical punishment and child sexual abuse. Self-injurious episodes and suicide attempts began in adolescence. Changes in mood, changes in remote memory, negative thoughts, self-injurious behavior, suicidal ideation and attempts, clinical comorbidities, a lack of interest in romantic relationships, and the repetition of behaviors that perpetuate the cycle of abuse and violence (physical, psychological, and patrimonial) were identified. The diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder with dependent and borderline personality traits have been established. The case requires a multi-disciplinary follow-up with the use of medication to control and remit the symptoms.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88826834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discourses on Sexuality and Occupations: Reflections for Occupational Therapy and Occupational Science 论性与职业:对职业治疗与职业科学的反思

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4030025

R. Morrison, Maria José Poblete-Almendras

{"title":"Discourses on Sexuality and Occupations: Reflections for Occupational Therapy and Occupational Science","authors":"R. Morrison, Maria José Poblete-Almendras","doi":"10.3390/sexes4030025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4030025","url":null,"abstract":"Sexuality and occupation are two constructs studied in different fields of knowledge. Particularly, in occupational therapy and occupational science, their relationship has been sparsely explored from a philosophical perspective. In the following reflection, we present some philosophical approaches to sexuality, occupation, and performativity to inquire about the impact of discourses about sexuality on the practice of occupations. For this analysis, we take an example developed by Foucault in one of his classes at the Collège de France. We believe that this helps us question the established discourses surrounding truth, especially concerning sexuality. Subsequently, we address the concept of occupation, taking into consideration Schliebener’s proposal from existentialist philosophy. Understanding occupation as a dimension of being, we explain how it can be comprehended through Butler’s theory of performativity and, consequently, express a sexual dimension. Finally, we establish an interconnection between the preceding concepts, taking sexual dissidents as an example. We propose that this reflection can broaden the possibilities of understanding occupations as points of resistance against normative discourses about sexuality. This may be relevant for contemplating practice and research in occupational science and occupational therapy, as it expands the understanding of sexuality beyond mere activities and centers it as a form of expression of being through occupation.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76928797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Differences in Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Their Potential to Uncover the Impact of Brain Sexual Differentiation on Gender Bias 自闭症谱系障碍小鼠模型中的性别差异:揭示大脑性别分化对性别偏见影响的潜力

Sexes Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/sexes4030024

Verónica Murta, Araceli Seiffe, A. Depino

{"title":"Sex Differences in Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Their Potential to Uncover the Impact of Brain Sexual Differentiation on Gender Bias","authors":"Verónica Murta, Araceli Seiffe, A. Depino","doi":"10.3390/sexes4030024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes4030024","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with a prevalence rate of 2.78%, and it is characterized by deficits in sociability and communication and restricted patterns of interests and activities. Remarkably, this psychiatric disorder exhibits a pronounced gender bias, with 80% of children diagnosed with ASD being boys. In this review, we will present advancements in mouse models of ASD and their potential contributions to our understanding of the disorder. We will highlight how initial pre-clinical investigations focused solely on male mice due to the gender bias in ASD and explain why we believe that this approach might have had detrimental consequences regarding our understanding of ASD etiology and pathophysiology. We will highlight the evidence of two sensitive periods during brain development when differential exposure to gonadal hormones may result in sex differences in brain function and behavior: the perinatal period and the pre-pubertal period. Finally, we will suggest neuroinflammation as a feasible biological mechanism that may converge different ASD etiological factors and cellular mechanisms into a brain sexual differentiation context, thus accounting for the gender disparities observed in the disorder.","PeriodicalId":21562,"journal":{"name":"Sexes","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90837871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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