Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK最新文献

{"title":"ADAPTIVE AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION IN THE ELECTRICAL GRID USING SINGLE-PHASE LINEAR VOLTAGE REGULATORS","authors":"I. Golikov, A. Vinogradov, A. Vinogradova","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2023-70-1-53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2023-70-1-53-59","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the required voltage level in rural electric grids is a necessary condition for the efficient operation of agricultural enterprises and comfort in rural life. The overstated length of rural power transmission lines leads to excessive voltage deviations at consumer inputs. The existing methods and technical means of voltage regulation do not in all cases allow to provide the necessary level of voltage in the grid. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a method and device for phase-by-phase automatic voltage regulation in the electrical grid using linear voltage regulators, to illustrate the possibilities of its application. (Materials and methods) Used general scientific research methods, methods: literary review, theory of automatic control, electrical engineering. We analyzed the literary sources. We have studied the methods and technical means of voltage regulation in electrical grid. (Results and discussion) A new method and device for adaptive automatic voltage regulation in the rural electrical grid with the use of a separate phase-by-phase installation of linear voltage regulators have been proposed. We considered an example of the implementation of the method in a rural electrical grid with an uneven load in phases. (Conclusions) It was revealed during the review of voltage regulation methods that adaptive automatic control methods are promising, involving control of voltage deviation at consumer inputs and determination of the regulation coefficient based on this. It was determined that the use of the proposed method and device provides a normalized voltage value at consumer inputs by means of adaptive automatic phase-by-phase voltage regulation in the electrical grid with separately phase-by-phase linear regulators controlled by an adaptive automatic voltage regulation system that generates control commands based on data processing from voltage sensors installed at control points of the grid, including at consumer inputs.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126965134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A BLOCK GREENHOUSE","authors":"Vitaliy Kargin, K. Usanov, V. STREL'NIKOV, Aleksandr Borisevskiy","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-3-69-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-3-69-75","url":null,"abstract":"Automated control systems for processes at agricultural production facilities and agro-industrial complex are performed using digital microprocessor devices, characterized, in comparison with electromechanical means, by enhanced functionality, possibility of operational reconfiguration of the logical part, necessary, for example, when changing a technological installation and electric drive. Control of the positioning of the executive part, provided in multi-position electric drives by a set of contact (contactless) limit (track) switches, despite the apparent obviousness and simplicity, complicates, increases the cost of the system, setup and maintenance of the installation. (Research purpose) The research purpose is creating a multifunctional, reconfigurable automated control system for technological processes of compact block heaters using microprocessor programmable technical means of domestic manufacturers. (Materials and methods) The article presents a diagram and the logical part of an automated control system using the example of a multi-position electric drive for opening and closing transoms of a compact block based on programmable logic controllers of domestic manufacturers. (Results and judgment) The features of the logical part of the system in the CoDeSys environment using libraries of standard functional blocks were described. The article presents the choice of time intervals and the settings of virtual timers, which are set by programming programmable logic controllers and determine the positioning properties of the electric drive executive part. (Conclusions) The presented approach to the implementation of multi-positioning in reversible electric drives with a single limit switch for controlling the initial position of the electric drive improves the performance of a typical two-position regulation of the «Open-Closed» type. The term «quasi-proportional» was proposed to define the implemented regulatory process.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123132183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPERATION ALGORITHM OF THE DEVICE FOR DIVIDING AN ELECTRICAL GRID","authors":"V. Bolshev, A. Vinogradova, A. Vinogradov, A. Bukreev, Nikolay S. Sorokin","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-3-36-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-3-36-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the protection of 0.4 kilovolt transmission lines from distant single-phase short circuits by circuit breakers installed at the beginning of the lines on the example of one of the electrical grids. The necessity of protecting the lines from this short curcuits is justified. Based on the literature review, the article describes the means for managing the structure of electrical grids, including means of sectioning. One of these devices is a device for splitting the electrical grid. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing an algorithm for the operation of an electrical grid sectioning device implementing a method for protecting a power line from distant single-phase short circuits and overloads. (Materials and methods) The analyzed literature sources describes the protection of power transmission lines. Authors used general scientific methods, methods of computer science in terms of algorithms of work. (Results and discussion) The article presents the method for protecting a power transmission line from distant single-phase short circuits and overloads using a grid sectioning device, and a block diagram of its structure. Authors developed an algorithm for the operation of the electric grid sectioning device implementing the proposed method. The implementation of the method with the grid sectioning device makes it possible to ensure the reliability of electrical line and power supply to consumers. (Conclusions) The implementation of the developed algorithm of the grid sectioning device with the protecting power lines from distant single-phase short circuits and overloads makes it possible to ensure protection from these modes of the entire length of the line, evaluate the reasons for disconnecting sections of the line and inform the grid dispatcher about it. The use of an electrical grid sectioning device is justified in lines where there are no critical consumers, but the lines are not protected from distant short circuits and overloads.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121148334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF A HOMOGENEOUS ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE QUALITY OF CUCUMBER SEEDS","authors":"I. Yudaev, A. Kasakova, G. Stepanchuk, Kadriddin Nozimov, A. Yudin","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-2-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-2-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Ncreasing yields, including vegetable products, is the most important task of agricultural production. The solution of this problem is connected with seed production. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the influence of the parameters of a homogeneous electric field, the duration of processing and subsequent binning on the quality of cucumber seeds during their pre-sowing treatment. (Materials and methods) Cucumber seeds of the Phoenix Plus variety were used. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds was carried out with a homogenous alternating electric field of industrial frequency with a vorticity of 0.5 kilovolts per centimeter on a laboratory installation with an exposure time of 20, 40 and 60 seconds; the time interval between processing seeds and binning them for germination was from one to nine days. (Results and discussion) The germination energy and germination rate of the seeds that were exposed were higher than in the control sample, regardless of the treatment parameters during the nine days of binning. In seeds that had been binned from one to four days after treatment, the length of the sprouts is lower than in the control sample. All the treated seeds, which were binned from five to nine days, have a length of sprouts longer than in the control sample. The length of the roots is lower from the control sample only in seeds with an exposition of 20 seconds that were in the first two days, in other cases it is higher. (Conclusions) The treatment of cucumber seeds with a homogenous alternating electric field with a voltage of 0.5 kilovolts per centimeter is effective. The best results were obtained when stimulating the seed material at an exposure of 40 seconds: the seed germination energy is 16 percent higher, germination rate is 12 percent, the average length of the sprouts is 3.3 times longer, and the average length of the roots is 2.7 times longer compared to the control sample. The maximum improvement in seed quality was observed after five days of laying.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116210796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIGITAL SYSTEM OF DYNAMIC LOCAL LIGHTING FOR POULTRY CAGES","authors":"Shabaev Evgeniy, M. Romanovets","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-1-26-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-1-26-30","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main disadvantages of the general lighting system in poultry houses with cages is the uneven lighting along the tiers of the cages. To increase the eveness of lighting and increase the productivity of poultry, the use of dynamic local lighting systems is promising. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a LED dynamic system of local lighting of cages for keeping poultry, aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of lighting and increasing the productivity of poultry by changing the correlated color temperature of the radiation of LED lamps during the light period. (Materials and methods) During the study, there were used elements of mathematical statistics, theory of experimental research planning, correlation-regression and variance analysis. Measurements of illumination and CT were made with a spectrocolorimeter «TKA-ICT». (Results and discussion) The article presents the compact LED lamp with a variable correlated color temperature of optical radiation from 2700 to 5700 Kelvin and the method of keeping poultry in dynamic lighting with variable color temperature of lamps. The mathematical models of changes in the illumination and color temperature of sunlight can be used to implement dynamic artificial lighting systems. The main elements of a dynamic local lighting system with a variable correlated color temperature are described. (Conclusions) The compact LED lamp provides high illumination uniformity on the surface of the feeder and drinker. Due to the positive effect of changes (in accordance with the dynamics of sunlight) in the illumination and correlated color temperature of LED lamps on the circadian rhythms of birds, an increase in productivity by 8-14 percent should be expected. The technical solutions can increase the efficiency of the power supply system for LED lamps by 16.4 percent, reduce energy consumption by 26.5 percent and capital investments by 22-41 percent compared to the LED local lighting system with low voltage lamps up to 48 volts.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133353200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DESIGN PARAMETERS OF THE VIBRATION EXCITER IN THE FORM OF AN UNBALANCED BODY WEIGHT","authors":"S. Shchukin, O. Ivakin, N. Yakovlev, B. Dokin","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-4-84-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-4-84-92","url":null,"abstract":"The destruction of the structure of over-compacted soils on the vibrating surfaces of the working bodies of chisel deep-diggers is a technological process that occurs faster and more efficiently than when moving the working bodies of chisels inside the bulk medium of deep-diggers in a calm state. Of great importance are the vibration modes exerted on the technological process, which allow reproducing vibrations of the specified amplitudes and at a high frequency of vibration vibrations of the vibration exciter transmitted to the active parts of the working bodies of chisel deep heaters. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is developing software, hardware and technical means for digital monitoring, automation and robotization of production and technological processes in the technologies of cultivation of grain crops. (Materials and methods) Used methods of analysis and modeling of the process. (Results and discussion) It was determined that the use of vibration vibrations for the destruction of anthropogenic over-compacted soil makes it possible to destroy dense fragments of soil and turn the structure of the destroyed soil into a fertile layer in which a developed root system is formed, suitable for obtaining high yields. It has been established that intensive technologies that transmit vibration vibrations to the active working organ of an agricultural machine by using an unbalanced mass in the vibration mechanism, intensively rotated inside the body of the vibration exciter from the external force of the tractor, excite vibration vibrations transmitted to the active working organs of chisel machines, which excite the vibration treatment of anthropogenically over-compacted soil. (Conclusions) It was revealed that among the intensive technologies that transmit vibration vibrations to the working body of an agricultural machine, it is necessary to include machines with NM that excite vibration vibrations transmitted to the working body that excites the vibration treatment of the processed technological medium. The calculated values of the converted NM average power were presented.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114143718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Modes of Pre-Sowing Treatment of Sunfl ower Seeds in an Electric Field of Alternating Voltage","authors":"I. Yudaev, S. Volobuev, Yuriy I. Khanin, D. Ivushkin","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-2-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-2-3-8","url":null,"abstract":"Sunflower is the main oilseed crop in Russia and serves as a raw material for the production of vegetable oil. In order to increase field germination, plant safety, increase the yield and oil content of seeds, chemical and biological preparations are used that are not completely absorbed by plants and remain in the soil, where they accumulate and have a negative impact on the environment. To increase the conditioned qualities of seeds, electrophysical methods of their pre-sowing treatment are used, which accelerate the processes of germination in the seed and suppress the pathogenic microflora. Depending on the morphological features of the seed structure, it is necessary to set the processing modes for each culture, in which the greatest technological effect is achieved. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the effect of the electric field of alternating voltage of industrial frequency 50 Hertz on the laboratory germination of sunflower hybrid seeds and searching for effective treatment modes. (Materials and methods) The SKAT-70 device was used as a source of high alternating voltage, the seeds were placed in a chamber between the electrodes, which, after processing, were placed in Petri dishes and germinated in a thermostat. (Results and discussion) The electric field strength in the experiments varied from 2 to 10 kilovolts per centimeter, in increments of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, and the seed treatment time from 15 to 105 seconds with an interval of 15 seconds. At a voltage of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, laboratory germination increased slightly, the maximum values were achieved at a voltage of 6-8 kilovolts per centimeter and the exposure time was from 60 to 90 seconds. (Conclusions) Effective processing modes are processing during 90 seconds at an electric field strength of 6 kilovolts per centimeter, and processing during 60 seconds at a voltage of 8 kilovolts per centimeter.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117066850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE OPTIMAL LOCATION OF RECLOSERS IN 10 KV AGRICULTURAL ELECTRICAL GRIDS","authors":"S. Semikin, SERGEY BELOV","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-1-31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-1-31-37","url":null,"abstract":"The agricultural networks are spread over a vast territory with a total length of more than 947 thousand kilometers. Their branching significantly affects the reliability of electricity supply and its quality. Improving the reliability of agricultural networks is an urgent task. It is advisable to use devices that allow automatizing the process of managing the electric network. Approximately 60 percent of the time is spent searching for the damaged area and restoring power to consumers connected to the undamaged sections of the circuit, 40 percent is spent searching for the place of damage and carrying out repair and restoration work. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the economic efficiency of installing reclosers in 10 kV electrical networks. (Materials and methods) The article considers examples of feeders before and after the partitioning switches. Optimization criteria were calculated for each option: annual undersupply of electricity; the number and duration of consumer outages. (Results and discussion) The article presents the calculations of the options, analyzes the results obtained. (Conclusions) In order to reduce the total annual undersupply of electricity, it is necessary to divide the outgoing line into separate sections by installing sectioning reclosers. In order to increase reliability, reclosers should be placed closer to the consumer. Due to the optimal installation of reclosers, there is a decrease in the number and duration of outages, and a decrease in the annual undersupply of electricity in the network by 52 percent. The use of reclosers in electrical networks of 6-10 kilovolts has proven to be a more effective method of increasing the reliability of power supply both technically and economically.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Issue of Storing Seed Grain in a Vacuum Container","authors":"M. Latyshenok, V. Makarov, N. M. Latyshenok, A. A. Slobodskova","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-2-62-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-2-62-67","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a fundamentally new technology for storing seed material in conditions typical for small and medium-sized farms. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying a container with a controlled air and gas environment in it. (Materials and methods) The article presents studies in order to obtain initial data for calculating the volume of the carbon dioxide storage tank using an original laboratory installation consisting of a sealed container with a vacuum gauge mounted on the lid. The process of seed respiration is characterized by the respiratory coefficient Kd, which is determined by the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide released to the volume of oxygen absorbed in the air. (Results and discussion) During the aerobic respiration of seeds in the container, the composition of the air in the intergranular space is constantly changing, while the content of carbon dioxide increases and oxygen decreases. When determining the mass of the air medium, it is possible to obtain an expression that obeys the Mendeleev - Klayperon equation for an ideal gas for external climatic conditions, on the basis of which it is possible to calculate the mass content of carbon dioxide in the air mixture. (Conclusions) The article recommends the technology of storing seed grain in a sealed container with a controlled air environment and a system of forced aeration of the grain mass. It is necessary to create and maintain a vacuum of the air mixture in the working volume of the sealed container within 0.66 MPa. The forced aeration of the grain embankment should be started when the oxygen content in the air mixture located in the carbon dioxide storage tank exceeds 7 percent.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124071888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRACTION LOADS OF A SEEDING UNIT BASED ON A SELF-PROPELLED CHASSIS","authors":"A. Tekushev, Andrey N. Chulkov","doi":"10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-4-31-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2022-69-4-31-36","url":null,"abstract":"The calculation of the traction forces arising from the interaction of the working bodies of the sowing unit based on a self-propelled chassis with the soil, taking into account the agrotechnical requirements for performing the technological operation of selective sowing, will allow to justify the parameters of the working bodies and the choice of optimal working speeds of the unit. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the traction resistance arising from the interaction of the working bodies of the sowing unit based on the self-propelled chassis of the VTZ-30SSH with soil. (Materials and methods) Carried out the calculation of the traction resistance of the sowing unit based on a self-propelled chassis, using technical characteristics, reference data and mathematical dependencies. (Results and discussion) In order to complete the machine-tractor unit with working bodies, an analytical calculation of the traction resistance of the sowing unit based on the VTZ-30SSH self-propelled chassis for sowing cereals, legumes and oilseeds, in the range of operating speeds of the chassis, taking into account the agrotechnical requirements for the technological operation of selective sowing. It was shown that the soil background is a field prepared for selective sowing. In order to determine the mechanical energy costs of a selective seeder based on a self-propelled chassis, the traction resistance arising from the interaction of working bodies with the soil and mechanical losses in the unit were calculated. (Conclusions) It was found that the evaluation of the traction resistance of the working bodies for the first, second and third gears is up to 20 percent of the nominal traction force of the self-propelled chassis or the degree of loading of the self-propelled chassis. It was stated that the calculations of the traction loads of the sowing unit will be used to justify the parameters of the working bodies of the breeding seeder for sowing grain crops in order to reduce material costs.","PeriodicalId":215527,"journal":{"name":"Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122213119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}