{"title":"Managing Institutional Complexity – A Case Study on the Legitimacy Strategies of Puma","authors":"Dorothée Baumann-Pauly, A. Scherer, G. Palazzo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2336934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2336934","url":null,"abstract":"Multinational corporations are operating in complex business environments. They are confronted with contradictory institutional demands that often represent mutually incompatible expectations of various audiences. Managing these demands poses new organizational challenges for the corporation. Conducting an empirical case study at the sportswear manufacturer Puma, we explore how multinational corporations respond to institutional complexity and what legitimacy strategies they employ to maintain their license to operate. We draw on the literature on institutional theory, contingency theory and organizational paradoxes. The results of our qualitative longitudinal study show that managing corporate legitimacy is a dynamic process in which corporations adapt organizational capacities, structures and procedures.","PeriodicalId":215226,"journal":{"name":"CGN: Other Corporate Governance: Internal Governance","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128366602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Board Independence and Long-Term Firm Performance: The Initial Quest of Effective Board Paradigm - A Survey Based on Nonlinear Regression Equation Modeling","authors":"Wei Liu","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2034532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2034532","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the relationship between board independence and firm’s long-term performance, as measured by Tobin’s q. In a longitudinal sample of 1,143 firms in the S&P 1500 list from 1997 through 2006, we find some evidence of a significant nonlinear relationship. Two of three nonlinear models we hypothesized have been supported, one is inverted U-shaped, and other is steeple-shaped, that means q first increases, then declines as board independence rises. Thus, the controversy between conventional wisdom and Bhagat and Black (2001) is merged into a complementary model by this work. Unfortunately, the three-stage model cannot be conducted as a similar relation.","PeriodicalId":215226,"journal":{"name":"CGN: Other Corporate Governance: Internal Governance","volume":"81 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129635129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shareholder Activism in Belgium: The Belgian AGMs and EGMs in 2011","authors":"Christoph van der Elst","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1929792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1929792","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the voting turnout, the voting behavior of large and small shareholders and the resolutions voted at annual general meetings (AGMs) and extra-ordinary general meetings (EGMs) of Belgian listed companies in 2011. The average voting turnout was 49,9 per cent in 2011, down from 51,3 per cent in 2010. The shareholders had to vote on 9 resolutions of the board of directors on average and on 11 resolutions during the accompanying EGM. Only three resolutions are part of all agendas of general meetings. All ordinary resolutions were adopted and average approval rates are above 90 per cent. EGMs rejected two of the 340 resolutions. We conclude that shareholder activism is limited, that voting turnouts are stable and are (only) influenced by the ownership structure of the company. We criticize the position and role of the AGM as instrument for shareholder activism: some items are superfluous while shareholders are not allowed to vote for other issues. We encourage studying the options for shareholders’ participation in the determination of the long term direction of the company, its mission, its expansion strategies, its risk policies and the like.","PeriodicalId":215226,"journal":{"name":"CGN: Other Corporate Governance: Internal Governance","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126816668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incentives vs. Entrenchment: A Comparison of Competing Governance Mechanisms","authors":"B. Bolton","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2133610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2133610","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the relationships between firm performance and the incentive and entrenchment effects of corporate governance structures. It analyzes whether the benefits of providing stock ownership to directors are greater than the potential costs of entrenching officers and directors. Using the dollar amount of stock owned by various classes of directors, the results suggest that the incentive effect dominates any costs related to entrenchment: firms with greater stock ownership outperform other firms, regardless of the degree of managerial entrenchment that may be present. This result is robust to firm size, growth opportunities, time period, and other controls. The implication for policy-makers is that providing directors with incentives through stock ownership remains a very effective corporate governance mechanism.","PeriodicalId":215226,"journal":{"name":"CGN: Other Corporate Governance: Internal Governance","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134378077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}