Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove最新文献

{"title":"Early detection of the nephrotoxic effects in the environment: a survey.","authors":"A Vyskocil,&nbsp;M Tusl","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Number of potentially nephrotoxic substances is growing continuously. The objective of preventive measures taken is to find such concentrations of chemicals in the environment which do not represent any risk for renal function. Sensitive methods are thus required which are able to detect early changes in renal function which are still reversible and when changes of glomerular filtration do not appear yet. The paper points out practical problems associated with determining sensitive biochemical parameters utilized as noninvasive renal function tests both in man and experimental animals. The most recent literary reports and the authors' experience show that beta 2-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase are the most suitable indicators of tubular cells damage and albumin is the best indicator of a damage located in glomerular cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 5","pages":"471-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of calcium channel blockers on the cardiovascular system of rabbits in vivo.","authors":"V Gersl,&nbsp;P Pokorná,&nbsp;S Rasínová,&nbsp;E Strídová,&nbsp;J Stĕpánková,&nbsp;M Vránová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of i.v. administration of the calcium channel blockers--verapamil (0.045 and 0.45 mg.kg-1) and Mepamil (2-methylphenyl-derivative of verapamil; 0.0445 and 0.445 mg.kg-1) on the cardiovascular system of rabbits in vivo under the paced and non-paced heart conditions were investigated. Verapamil induced--in the dose-dependent manner--a decrease in blood pressure (max. 65.2%), a significant decrease in dP/dtmax. (max. 46.0%), a bradycardia (max. 79.4%), a decrease in minute blood flow (max. 63.9 %) and stroke blood flow (max. 71.5%). The administration of Mepamil did not induce important changes in heart rate; changes in other parameters were--again in the dose-dependent manner--of a similar qualitative character as after verapamil administration, but they were quantitatively less expressed (especially marked in the effect on dP/dtmax, where the maximum decrease was only to 71.5%). The results show a less pronounced cardiodepressive activity of Mepamil compared to verapamil in rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 2","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal model of anxiety: the effect of methyldopa in the genetically hypertensive non-obese rats of Koletsky type and in the rats of Wistar strain.","authors":"V Golda,&nbsp;R Petr","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experiments were carried out in the adult normotensive rats of Wistar strain and in the genetically hypertensive rats which were developed by Koletsky; the experiments were performed in the both sexes. The behavior of control and methyldopa treated rats were traced in the holeboard and in the elevated plus-maze. In the control animals when compared to the normotensive rats of both sexes, the genetically hypertensive rats of both sexes show elevated aversion towards open space and height (when the number of visits of centre and open arms is considered), elevated locomotor-exploratory activity and reduced rate of habituation of the latter activity; the genetically hypertensive males than show reduced percentage of time spent head dipping relative to the normotensive males. Methyldopa decreases locomotor-exploratory activity and increases intra-session rate of habituation of the latter activity in the both strains of rats. This drug shows in the first session decrease in the normotensive males and increase in the genetically hypertensive rats of both sexes the percentage of time spent head dipping. Methyldopa shows in the first session increase in the number of entries in centre and in open arms in elevated plus-maze solely in the genetically hypertensive rats of both sexes. When time spent in centre and in open arms of the elevated plus-maze is taken into consideration, methyldopa shows in the normotensive males decrease and in the genetically hypertensive males increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 5","pages":"529-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13286655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activities of blood glutathione peroxidase in schizophrenic and depressive patients.","authors":"A Stoklasová,&nbsp;K Petráková,&nbsp;J Michalicková,&nbsp;M Zapletálek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutathione peroxidase activity was determined in the blood of healthy individuals and schizophrenic and depressive patients. No significant changes in enzyme activity were observed between the groups of patients. A slight decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity was found in the group of schizophrenic men and in the groups of depressive patients. The treatment with neuroleptics did not influence enzyme activity with an exception--the group of depressive men.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 5","pages":"495-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA antigens in children with epilepsy.","authors":"L Serclová,&nbsp;E Erbenová,&nbsp;D Fiedlerová,&nbsp;L Chromová,&nbsp;M Dernerová,&nbsp;J Lichý","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In accord with our results, a significantly higher occurrence of HLA-B17, B27 and A2, B27 haplotype is scrutinized in a total of epileptical children with psoriasis inheritance comparably to the occurrence rate in population (P = 0.05; P = 0.01; P = 0.001). We failed to detect HLA-B13 antigen in our 9 healthy siblings, though this finding was insignificant in our group. Mentioned findings are supporting the suggestion that also HLA-linked genetic factors associated with the type of immune responsiveness may be involved in pathogenesis of epilepsies in our patients. Nevertheless, due to the restricted number of examinations provided, our results are only of tracing value in presuming possible importance of HLA antigenic monitoring in postinflammatory epilepsy, so they cannot give us a satisfactory response. In the next future, it would be suitable to perform these examinations on far larger group of patients including the II. class HLA antigenic assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 3","pages":"305-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13243145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibrinolytic activity of human brain.","authors":"S Rehák,&nbsp;V Hobza,&nbsp;E Tauchmanová,&nbsp;J Jezík,&nbsp;J Náhlovský","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Authors studied the fibrinolytic human brain activity using the fibrin film in order to determine the location of tissue plasminogen activators. An amount of 20 human brains has been evaluated issued from cadavers with no signs of cerebral disease when alive. Most high concentration of plasminogen activators was evidenced in samples from plexus chorioideus and pia mater, while the fibrinolytic activity of grey and white matter showed uniformly low values. Large amount of plasminogen activators may be released into cerebro-spinal fluid, what can lead to a rapid fibrin clot dissolution around the aneurysm, so the rebleed may be consequential to it.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 2","pages":"145-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biohazards in pharmaceutical freeze drying.","authors":"M Hermanský,&nbsp;T Graichman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among freeze-dried drugs there are many which may imperil manufacturing personnel, e.g. cytostatic drugs possessing carcinogenic effects. Production zones must be specially adapted for handling such drugs. There are many risks endangering a freeze-drying operation--power or water supply failure, but also improperly established freeze-drying cycle. A production batch of a rare, expensive and sensitive product represents a big value; modern equipment therefore features sophisticated automation, overriding possible human error. Problem of particulate contamination is less severe with vials stoppered inside the vacuum chamber, but rubber closures still may become a source of haze. Back-migration of oil from vacuum pumps may be another source. Economy of industrial freeze-drying may be much improved if freezing sequence, drying rate, adjustment of vacuum by \"bleeding\" nitrogen are tailored specially for each particular product.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 2","pages":"83-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The activation of macrophages in the immune response against the intracellular bacterial pathogen Francisella tularensis.","authors":"H Kovárová,&nbsp;A Macela,&nbsp;J Stulík","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The activation of peritoneal macrophages in the course of primary infection of mice with attenuated strain of Francisella tularensis is associated with 2.5 fold increase in spontaneous INT reductase activity on day 5 after the immunization. The splenic cells of immunized mice pulsed in vitro by specific antigen secrete lymphokine that is able to induce an increase in spontaneous INT reductase activity of resident peritoneal cells. The production of spontaneous superoxide anion by peritoneal phagocytes reaches the highest level on day 5 after the immunization. It does not correlate with the results of cytotoxic or phagocytic activities at this time interval. An enhanced superoxide dismutase activity precedes an increase of superoxide anion secretion. The production of hydrogen peroxide is rising till day 7 and is related to the cytotoxic activity of peritoneal phagocytes. Concerning the testing of F. tularensis antigen as immunization agent, no changes of oxidative metabolism were detected. This might be in connection with the insufficient protection effect of killed F. tularensis vaccine. The production of reactive oxygen metabolites, probably under the control of superoxide dismutase, together with secreted lymphokines during the first days after the infection may play a regulatory role in the induction of immune response against intracellular pathogen F. tularensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 5","pages":"565-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13126153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of aversion towards open space and height as a measure of anxiety in the genetically based animal model of depression.","authors":"V Golda,&nbsp;R Petr","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiments were performed in the adult normotensive rats of Wistar strain and in the genetically hypertensive rats of Koletsky type; measurements were carried out in both sexes. The behaviour of control and drug treated rats were traced in the holeboard and in the elevated plus-maze. In the control animals when compared to the normotensive rats of both sexes, the genetically hypertensive rats of both sexes show increased aversion towards open space and high in the elevated plus-maze (when the number of visits of centre and open arms is considered in the first session); the latter type of rats also show elevated total time of locomotor-exploratory activity in both sessions, reduced rate of intra-session habituation of locomotor-exploratory activity in both sessions, and decreased percentage of time spent head dipping in both sessions. Tranylcypromine treatment at the dose 5 mg/kg b. w. increased number of visits in centre and in open arms only in the second session in the normotensive males, and this drug shows decrease in the latter parameter in the second session in the genetically hypertensive females. Tranylcypromine increased time spent in centre and in open arms in the first session only in the genetically hypertensive males, in the second session this drug shows increase in time spent in centre and in open arms in the normotensive females and decrease in the genetically hypertensive females. Caffeine treatment at the dose 10 mg/kg b. w. remained without effect in both strains of rats and in both sessions in the elevated plus-maze, except the decrease in the number of entries in centre and in open arms in the first session in the normotensive females. Diazepam treatment at the dose 1 mg/kg b. w. shows \"anxiolytic\" effect i.e., increase number of visits and time spent in centre and in open arms in both sessions and in both sexes of the genetically hypertensive rats. Thus diazepam shown its \"anxiolytic\" effect in very profound and stable manner only in the animals which show CNS neurotransmitter abnormalities reminding the CNS neurochemical abnormalities in human forms of depression and anxiety. It is worthwhile to note that diazepam only in the latter mentioned strain of rats very profoundly elevates the percentage of time spent head dipping. Thus this drug elevates the reactivity towards stimuli which show biological sense for the rats, i. e., to look up the small and dark space. This type of reaction is decreased in the genetically hypertensive rats of both sexes relative to the control normotensive rats of Wistar strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 5","pages":"513-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13286654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks involved in large-scale freeze-drying of immunological preparations.","authors":"E Sisáková,&nbsp;R Polácek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Types of biohazards occurring in processing vaccines with freeze-drying method are scrutinized. The attention is payed to risky transfer of infections from animals to human subjects as well as the onset of allergies and contaminations with alien substances, and as a result of impurity of preparation produced. Risks related to the use of freeze-drying are scrutinized in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":21432,"journal":{"name":"Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove","volume":"33 2","pages":"95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13254558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}