Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between the chlorophyll a fluorescence and the yield in banana (Musa AAA Simmonds cv. Cavendish)","authors":"Diego Felipe Feria-Gómez, Diego Alejandro Londoño-Puerta, Ó. Córdoba-Gaona","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13313","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorophyll fluorescence is used to characterize the plant response to natural environments or under stress conditions. This study aimed to identify correlations between the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Qy) with climatic and soil variables associated with bunch weight. The experimental design used in the field corresponds to an observational and longitudinal study, where 72 production units in the independent vegetative stage were randomly selected, of which 36 units from a low production area and 36 from a high production area. In each unit, the quantum yield (Qy: Fv/Fm) was measured and correlated with climatic and soil variables, the nutrient content in the leaves, and the average weight of the cluster in each sampled batches. The results indicated a correlation between Qy of -0.703 concerning temperature and -0.583 with radiation. On the other hand, pH and resistance to soil penetration are directly related to Qy to a lesser extent, with r2 values of 12.77 and 24.28%, respectively. Precipitation, wind, gusts, dew point, atmospheric pressure, and texture composition of the soil do not significantly affect Qy variation; when attacks of leaf pests (mites) occur, significant reductions are also observed in this. Qy is a variable that responds to the stress generated by factors external to the plant, these can significantly affect production, and which is reduced by up to two kg per cluster, with a bias of three to four weeks, when the loss of 0.04 points in the value of Qy occurs.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84529162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maturity accelerants on the postharvest behavior of avocados (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Lorena","authors":"J. Álvarez-Herrera, Marilcen Jaime-Guerrero, Andrea Johana Reyes-Medina","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13131","url":null,"abstract":"The global demand for avocados has grown in recent years. In Colombia, the Lorena variety is widely accepted in the market but the challenge for consumers is determining when the fruits should be consumed. However, there are no studies on this matter because most research is done on the Hass variety, which dominates global production. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate ripening treatments in Lorena variety avocado fruits to establish the postharvest behavior, avoid quality losses, and maintain organoleptic characteristics, facilitating commercialization of the product. A randomized complete block design was used with two blocks (maturity I and maturity II), five maturation treatments, three ethylene applications (2, 4 and 6 mL L-1), fruits wrapped in unprinted newspaper, and a control. The fruits reached 16 days after harvest (dah) with commercial quality. The application of 6 mL L-1 of ethylene presented the greatest mass loss. At 6 dah, the climacteric peak presented with the highest values of soluble solids, maturity index (MI), and loss of firmness and the lowest percentage of total titratable acidity (TTA). The TTA had higher values for the control treatment during storage. The MI registered two maximums during postharvest: the first in the climacteric peak, and the second during fruit senescence.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77587203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplication of prohexadione calcium in strawberry seedlings cv. Pircinque","authors":"Zulma Paola Molano, L. Rufato, D. Miranda, Antonio Felippe Faguerazzi","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12601","url":null,"abstract":"In Brazil, strawberry production is conditioned by the importation of seedlings from different countries, with variable levels of adaptation, different cold requirements and high costs of the introduced material. The national production of seedlings of good genetic, physiological and phytosanitary quality, constitutes a viable alternative for Brazilian producers dedicated to this productive activity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of different concentrations and times of application of calcium prohexadione (ProCa) (growth retardant in various cultivated species), on the magnitude changes of the propagation structures, growth and development of strawberry seedlings cv. Pircinque, the productive behavior and the quality of the fruit. The experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Santa Catarina State University (CAV-UDESC) in Lages / SC (Brazil), with a 5 x 2 factorial design, five concentrations of prohexadione calcium (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg L-1) and two periods of aplication (20 and 30 days after the planting of the rooting stolon). In the seedlings, the following were evaluated: number of leaves, crown diameter, height seedling and leaf area. The parameters evaluated in the strawberry plants were: number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, total fruit weight, dry weight of leaves and crowns, during the cycle 2019/2020. Additionally, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable. acidity (TA) and ratio were evaluated. The application of ProCa significantly reduces vegetative growth and induces an increase in physiological responses in 'Pircinque' strawberry seedlings, such as leaf area and height for both application periods. On the other hand, ProCa concentrations did not influence the number of fruits and the mass of fruits per plant, nor the quality parameters of the fruit, with the exception of firmness, where it was favored by the concentration of 400 mg L-1. The results were related to the application time factor, where at 20 DAT the highest values of the morphological variables of the seedlings and plants were presented and on the contrary, applications at 30 DAT decrease the number of commercial fruits per plant.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80769127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of cyanogenic compounds, amygdalin, prunasin, and hydrocyanic acid in almonds (Prunus dulcis Miller) for industrial uses","authors":"G. Arrázola, N. Grane, F. Dicenta","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13049","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to quantify the concentration levels of the cyanogenic compounds, amygdalin and prunasin present in some varieties of almonds, considering their conversion to hydrocyanic acid, and their possible consumption in addition to other industrial uses, seeds of 29 commercial varieties were used of almond (Prunus dulcis Miller), evaluating its concentration and toxicity levels, taking into account the minimum degree of theoretical intake both for human consumption and for animals, through feed, this in terms of by-products. In addition, thermophysical properties thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat and density) and industrial uses were determined. The concentration was determined by chromatographic techniques (HPLC) and colorimetry (microdiffusion). The results obtained showed low levels of amygdalin from \"not detected\" to 375.40 mg/100 g of sample, depending on the sweet, slightly bitter and bitter varieties. The results indicate its possibility of commercialization, uses and applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88309625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical models for describing growth in peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) fruit cv. Dorado","authors":"Helberth Hernado Pinzón-Sandoval, Wilmer Pineda-Ríos, P. Serrano-Cely","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13259","url":null,"abstract":"Among deciduous species, the peach tree (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) is of great importance in the high tropics. However, the growth behavior of this fruit for different cultivated varieties is unknown. So, adjustment to double sigmoid curves is assumed for all even though sigmoid type curves have been reported for many peach cultivar. This has led to the misinterpretation of information, impeding decision-making in terms of management. Non-linear regression models best describe the growth curves, where parameters are estimated by minimizing the sum of squares of the errors. In particular, the logistic model is one of the better options for correctly representing fruit growth. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the efficiency of mathematical models for describing growth in P. persica cv. Dorado fruits grown under conditions in the municipality of Tuta-Boyaca. The Logistic model was the most appropriate for describing the growth curves based on fresh or dry weight, while the Gompertz model was the most suitable for describing the polar and equatorial diameters of the Dorado variety fruits because they were used to generate these parameters with practical interpretations and they adequately represented the biological process.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73653523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype-environment interaction and guata potato yield (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the Department of Nariño (Colombia)","authors":"Astrid Viviana Santacruz-Benavides, Wilmer Libey Delgado-Gualmatán, Tulio César Lagos-Burbano, D. Duarte-Alvarado","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12872","url":null,"abstract":"Estimating the genotype-environment interaction (GEI) for potato genotype yield is very useful for the identification of outstanding genetic material that can adapt to specific environmental conditions and shows productive potential for breeding programs, selection processes and cultivar recommendations because it improves the efficiency of the genetic improvement process. The objective of this study was to determine the GEI of yield, expressed as t ha-1, in 21 potato genotypes. Four municipalities in the Department of Nariño were considered: Tangua, Pupiales, Imues, and Pasto. A randomized complete block design and an additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model (AMMI model) were used. Highly significant differences between the environments were found across the genotypes and GEI. Of the total variation, 42.43% was explained by the environment, 13.84% by the genotypes, and 15.49% by the GEI. The genotypes that showed stable behaviors were UdenarStGua55, UdenarStGua78, UdenarStGua24, UdenarStGua61, UdenarStGua20, and UdenarStGua98. Genotypes UdenarStGua78 and UdenarStGua98 stood out with 53.49 and 48.42 t ha-1 . Furthermore, genotypes UdenarStGua93, UdenarStGua97, and UdenarStGua91 showed a positive interaction with the environments of Tangua and Pupiales. Similarly, genotypes UdenarStGua58, UdenarStGua83, UdenarStGua57, and UdenarStGua87 positively interacted with Pasto, while genotypes UdenarStGua78 and UdenarStGua98 showed positive interactions with Imues. The genotypes displayed different behaviors in response to the areas where they were established, which varied in altitude, soil type, and environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79994670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of soil moisture dynamics in Colombian agricultural areas","authors":"Francisco Javier Hernández-Guzmán, J. Cleves-Leguízamo, Eliecer David Díaz-Almanza","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12840","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonal dynamics in edaphic humidity are influenced by different environmental factors, such as topography, physical and chemical soil conditions, type of vegetation cover and climatic classification. Data from 105 agrometeorological stations in the IDEAM network, distributed throughout Colombia, with records from January, 2001 to April, 2020, were studied. A non-parametric Spearman rank correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship between soil moisture and atmospheric variables. Simultaneously, the behaviors of seasonal dynamics were analyzed, along with their interaction with atmospheric, physical soil and vegetation cover variables. The results showed that soil moisture is more significantly influenced by frequency than by intensity of precipitation; this variable had a seasonal behavior, similar to that of precipitation. The physical variable texture was closely related to the behavior of the soil surface moisture (<10 cm deep). In addition, there was evidence of a surface moisture response to the physical conditions of the soil, topography and availability of plant cover. As the soil depth increased, the soil moisture had less variation because the influence of the atmospheric conditions was greater on the surface and persisted longer over time.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78559105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cálculo del tiempo térmico para 13 códigos de la escala BBCH de 12 progenies de quinua en las condiciones de crecimiento de la Sabana Brasileña","authors":"Wilson Anchico-Jojoa, José Ricardo Peixoto, C. R. Spehar, Michelle Souza Vilela","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13109","url":null,"abstract":"La introducción de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en la Sabana Brasileña ha tenido éxito basada en la selección de progenies de los tipos de valle. Dada la amplia variación de ambientes, una alternativa para definir el ciclo de madurez de la planta ha sido el uso del tiempo térmico acumulado (TTA). Esta medida permite la predicción del ciclo de la planta y proporciona apoyo para definir la duración de la fenología, siendo útil en el manejo y mejoramiento de los cultivos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo calcular las unidades térmicas para 13 códigos de la escala BBCH de la quinua, mediante la evaluación de 12 progenies seleccionadas y cultivadas en dos fechas de siembra, a 15° 56' S y 47° 55' O, altitud de 1.100 m, Brasilia, DF, Brasil. Las diferencias estadísticas fueron predominantes desde el inicio de las fases reproductivas BBCH-50, clasificando las progenies como precoces, de ciclo medio y tardías. Las progenies de madurez temprana y sus respectivas TTA para BBCH-89 son BRQ4 (1.676,8), BRQ1 (1.685) y AUR (1.691), contrastando con las tardías BLA (2.239), BRQ3 (1.929,1 GDD) y BRQ8 (1.895). Las unidades térmicas acumuladas para BBCH-89 oscilaron entre 1.565,25 y 2.381, con una diferencia entre los genotipos más precoces y los más tardíos de 815,75. Las progenies seleccionadas de los cultivares existentes son diferentes en cuanto a la acumulación de unidades térmicas, lo que implica la eficiencia en la adquisición de cultivares para escalonar el cultivo de quinua. Las unidades térmicas acumuladas explican el rango de ciclos de maduración de las plantas en la selección. Además, el cálculo del TTA para los códigos de la escala BBCH es una herramienta eficaz para predecir el ciclo fenológico de la quinua.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90995689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms and growth components of feijoa (Acca sellowiana [O. Berg] Burret) plants in response to the missing elements N, P, and K","authors":"S. Buitrago, M. Leandro, G. Fischer","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.13159","url":null,"abstract":"Plants often express deficiencies with visible abnormalities; however, it is necessary to obtain reliable information to make the proper diagnosis about the missing nutrients. Until now, research with this approach has not been carried out for crops such as feijoa (or pineapple guava). For this reason, the present investigation identified and described the symptoms produced in young feijoa plants due to poor fertilization of N, P, and K and its effect on some components of plant growth and development. To achieve this, different treatments were established: complete fertilization (control); complete fertilization -N; complete fertilization -P; complete fertilization -K; and one treatment with no element (negative control, H2O). We determined the symptoms associated with each deficiency by means of a photographic record and the description of the symptoms. Among these nutrients, N deficiency yielded the highest plant detriment, due to lower growth and a global pale green coloration, while -P plants showed foliar malformations and necrosis, -K plants exhibited the brown margin in old leaves, then turning necrotic, while young leaves showed a lack of turgor. Also, lack of N seriously affected apical growth, number of basal and apical shoots, and chlorophyll foliar content, while the -P and -K developed lower growth rate in the shoot than in the control. Such symptoms were registered after two months of treatment. This study indicated that the greatest affectation of the feijoa was due to a lack of nitrogen; and also P and K deficiencies showed symptoms and growth characteristics that were altered in the development of the plants.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88734841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan","authors":"S. Carmona, A. Villarreal-Navarrete, Diana Burbano-David, Magda Gómez-Marroquín, Esperanza Torres-Rojas, Mauricio Soto-Suárez","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12822","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological processes of plants infected by vascular pathogens are mainly affected by vascular bundle obstruction, decreasing the absorption of water and nutrients and gas exchange by stomatal closure, and inducing oxidative cascades and PSII alterations. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin present in the cell wall of some organisms including fungi, induces plant defense responses, activating systemic resistance. In this study, three chitosan molecules (low, medium and high molecular weight) at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 mg mL-1) were assessed by in vitro tests against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). Concentrations higher than 1 mg mL-1 were found to inhibit significantly the mycelial growth of Fol, with 95.8% of inhibition using chitosan with high molecular weight (3 mg mL-1). For in planta assays, chitosan treatment (low molecular weight 2.5 mg mL-1) showed significantly lower incidence and severity of wilting disease symptoms, 70 and 91%, respectively, compared to healthy plants used as a negative control. The effect of chitosan on the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants infected with Fol was studied, evaluating the maximum potential quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), photochemical efficiency of PSII (Y(II)), stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), proline content, photosynthetic pigments, dry mass, and differential gene expression (PAL, LOXA, ERF1, and PR1) of defense markers. A reduction of 70% in the incidence and 91% in the severity of the disease was achieved in plants treated with chitosan, mitigating the damage caused by Fol on Fv/Fm, Y(II), and chlorophyll contents by 23, 36, and 47%, respectively. Less impact was observed on gs, RWC, and dry mass (55, 11, and 26%, respectively). Chitosan-treated and Fol-infected plants over-expressed PR1a gene suggesting a priming-associated response. These results demonstrate the high potential of chitosan to protect tomato plants against Fol by regulating physiological and molecular responses in tomato plants.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75181969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}