Russian Medical Inquiry最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of kidney stone types among the adult population of the Russian Federation and CIS countries","authors":"V. Saenko, A. Vinarov, Yury Demidko, R. Puchenkin, P. Glybochko","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-202-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-202-211","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the study on the prevalence of kidney stone types in various territories of the country and the world is of great importance, mainly in predicting the burden on the healthcare system in general and the urological community in particular. Besides, in terms of calculating the probability of the disease relapse even during effectively conducted metaphylactic therapy. Aim: to assess the prevalence of kidney stone types among the adult population in various regions of the Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan and the kidney stone composition depending on age and gender. Patients and Methods: data on the kidney stone composition are presented by INVITRO in an anonymized form for the period 2018–2021. The article presents the analysis of stone samples obtained from patients of 12 regions: Moscow (n=2623), Belarus (n=324), Kazakhstan (n=87), Republic of Crimea (n=59), and Far Eastern (FE) (n=214), Volga (n=398), North Caucasus (n=109), North-Western (n=385), Siberian (n=740), Ural (n=891), Central (n=566), Southern (n=371) Federal Regions. The analysis of the stones was conducted by infrared spectrometry or X-ray diffraction. Results: the prevalence of kidney stones from more than one component in the adult population of the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan and Belarus was assessed. 6787 kidney stones were examined in both genders. One-component stones were detected in 448 (6.6%) people, two-component stones — in 4005 (59%), multicomponent stones — in 2334 (34.4%). The most common mineral of the one-component stone is calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). In the structure of one-component stones, stones from COM and uric acid/uric acid dihydrate were statistically significantly more common among male patients, while struvite stones were found among female patients. When assessing the distribution of one-component stones in accordance with age and gender, there was a significant increase in the number of COM stones in both male and female patients aged from 26 to 70 years. Among two-component stones, the most common combination of minerals is COM + calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) in all age groups. Adding that, it is statistically significant among male patients vs. female patients — 67.4% vs. 32.6% (p<0.001). The most common combination of minerals in multicomponent stones is the combination of COM + COD + carbonate-apatite, which was found in all age groups with the highest rates among male patients aged 31–50 years, among female patients aged 31–40 years, and in stable rates at the age of 41–60 years. Stones from COM + COD + struvite was most commonly determined at the age of 31–60 years. Conclusion: the revealed occurrence patterns of various stone types, depending on the place of residence, gender and age, should be taken into account when choosing an adequate metaphylactic treatment tactics. KEYWORDS: urolithiasis, metaphylaxis, calcium oxalate monohydrate, citraturia, phytotherapy. FOR CITATION: Saenko V.S., Vinarov A.Z., Demidko Yu.L. et ","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74486459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The place of cephalosporins in the treatment of lower urinary tract infection","authors":"A. V. Kuzmenko, V. Kuzmenko, T. A. Gyaurgiev","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-212-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-212-217","url":null,"abstract":"Therapy of lower urinary tract infections (LUTI), such as cystitis or asymptomatic bacteriuria, commonly turns out to be a more difficult task in practice than it seems at first glance. The choice of antibacterial drugs should be made taking into account their efficacy, proven in clinical studies, tolerability, adverse events, as well as their cost and availability. Numerous results of epidemiological studies indicate a steady increase in the resistance of uropathogens to antibiotics, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of cases of ineffective therapy and recurrent disease forms. When choosing an antibiotic, preference should be given to drugs with a low selection risk of resistant microorganisms and collateral damage development, such as fosfomycin and nitrofurans recommended as first-line therapy drugs. According to the current federal clinical guidelines, third-generation cephalosporins are recommended for use as an alternative therapy for LUTI, including in pregnant women, in allergies, intolerance, lack of sensitivity of the pathogen according to bacteria tests or previous ineffective treatment with first-line drugs. This article presents the literature data on the efficacy of the third-generation cephalosporin use in the treatment of LUTI. KEYWORDS: cystitis, lower urinary tract infection, uropathogens, cephalosporins, cefixime, clinical recommendations. FOR CITATION: Kuzmenko A.V., Kuzmenko V.V., Gyaurgiev T.A. The place of cephalosporins in the treatment of lower urinary tract infection. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(4):212–217 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-212-217.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79372119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of surgical risk factors on the immediate results of robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer","authors":"M. E. Moiseev, D. Gladyshev, S. Kovalenko, V. A. Vetoshkin, V.Yu. Svitich, S. S. Gnedash","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-191-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-191-195","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate the perioperative results of robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer in a group of high-risk patients and the influence of surgical risk factors (obesity, male gender, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), as well as the tumor localization within 8 cm of the anal verge). Patients and Methods: the retrospective study included 223 cases of patients (48.43% men, 51.57% women) with rectal cancer who underwent robot-assisted surgery in the period from 2015 to 2021. Patients had a high surgical risk and were included in the study in the presence of one of the following factors: body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2, male gender, preoperative CRT, tumor localization within 8 cm of the anal verge. In this study, the relationship of BMI, CRT, age and gender of patients with parameters such as 30-day postoperative mortality, the number of postoperative complications according to the Clavien — Dindo classification, conversion rate, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, quality of total mesorectumectomy (TME), number of removed lymph nodes, frequency of lesions of the circular and distal edges of resection was evaluated. Correlations of stages T and N, tumor localization, ASA index and the presence of operations in the anamnesis with the above parameters were also checked in order to exclude their influence on the studied phenomena. Results: correlations of risk factors with the surgery time were revealed using the Spearman's rank-order correlation: surgery time — gender: correlation coefficient (ρ) 0.25, p<0.001; surgery time — BMI: ρ=0.23, p=0.001; surgery time — CRT: ρ=0.17, p<0.01; surgery time — Z-line: ρ=0.27, p=0.003. The correlation of circumferential resection margin (CRM) quality with the Z-line ( ρ=0.26, p=0.011) was also revealed. Conclusion: when performing robot-assisted surgery for malignant rectal tumors, there was no effect of surgical risk factors (male gender, obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), CRT) on the conversion rate, as well as on the immediate results of surgical treatment. Despite this, the complexity of such surgeries in patients of this category undoubtedly increases, which is noted in an increase in the time spent on them. KEYWORDS: robot-assisted surgery, rectal cancer, oncology, risk factors, surgical treatment, colorectal cancer. FOR CITATION: Moiseev M.E., Gladyshev D.V., Kovalenko S.A. et al. Effect of surgical risk factors on the immediate results of robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(4):191–195 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-191-195.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75628000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor patient adherence to medication treatments and solutions for overcoming compliance barriers as illustrated by antiplatelet therapy","authors":"F. Ageev, M. Smirnova, T. V. Fofanova","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The article is focused on the issues of poor patient adherence to medication treatments, including antiplatelet drugs, its reasons, and solutions for overcoming compliance barriers. As of today, treatment adherence remains low leading to a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. Poor adherence to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment is mainly linked to a relatively frequent development of gastrointestinal side effects. The solutions for overcoming this problem include the use of lowest effective doses and the development of different acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) formulations: enteric coated and buffered. The efficacy and safety of these formulations are compared in the article. Buffered formulation (e.g. ASA + magnesium hydroxide) is similar to plain ASA as regards its antiplatelet activity and the prevalence of \"aspirin- resistance\", while its intake is associated with a lower risk of enteropathy and gastropathy as compared to plain and even enteric coated ASA. This is particularly important for patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus, as these conditions are associated with an affected rate of absorption from the small intestine. Based on the study findings a conclusion is made that buffered ASA should be the preferred formulation for use. The literature review is illustrated by a clinical case. KEYWORDS: chronic ischemic heart diseases, secondary prevention, adherence to therapy, acetylsalicylic acid, antiaggregant therapy, acetylsalicylic acid buffered and enteric coated formulations, aspirin-resistance. FOR CITATION: Ageev F.T., Smirnova M.D., Fofanova T.V. Poor patient adherence to medication treatments and solutions for overcoming compliance barriers as illustrated by antiplatelet therapy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(1):56–61 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821- 2023-7-1-56-61.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73020726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrahypofractionation in localized prostate cancer: the first experience of using proton radiation therapy in one center. Data for the first two years","authors":"N. Kataev, N. Vorobyov, A.V. Mikhailov, B.I. Kasimov, M. Cherkashin, N.A. Berezina, K.S. Suprun","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-196-201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-196-201","url":null,"abstract":"Aim:to analyze our experience of using the ultra-hypofractionated proton radiation therapy for patients with localized prostate cancer (PC) with an assessment of late toxicity according to data for the first two years of using this therapy. Patients and Methods: 73 patients with PC were treated using intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) in ultra-hypofractionation mode from February 2019 to February 2021. We studied data on late toxicity of radiotherapy and biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) in 56 patients, 17 were excluded from the follow-up. Data on the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in patients and late toxicity of prostate cancer radiotherapy (PCRT) were collected based on the results of a telephone survey using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed after 22 (2; 46) months. Results: late toxicity according to the criteria of NCI CTCAEv.5.0 was from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract: grade 1 phenomena developed in 10 (17.9%) patients, grade 2 — in 3 (5.3%). None of the patients reported grade 3 (or higher) chronic GI toxicity. From the genitourinary system: grade 1 toxicity was observed in 8 (14.3%) patients, grade 2 — in 6 (10.7%), none of the patients reported grade 3 (or higher) toxicity. The erectile dysfunction was also registered in 8 (14.3%) patients. Two (2.7%) patients died from causes unrelated to PC. No progression was observed when analyzing the data of the biochemical and clinical studies. There have been no reported fatal outcomes related to PC. Conclusion: in patients who received IMPT in the ultra-hypofractionated mode, the level of late toxicity from the genitourinary system and gastrointestinal tract was similar to the data of the only foreign literature study on the use of ultra-hypofractionated proton radiation therapy. The level of biochemical control we obtained was similar to other methods of radiation therapy with similar modes of dose adjustment. KEYWORDS: prostate cancer, radiation therapy, proton therapy, toxicity, survival, ultra-hypofractionated mode. FOR CITATION: Kataev N.A., Vorobyov N.A., Mikhailov A.V. et al. Ultrahypofractionation in localized prostate cancer: the first experience of using proton radiation therapy in one center. Data for the first two years.. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(4):196–201 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-196-201.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86341332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics in the Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy","authors":"M. Osipenko, E. Zhuk, V. Drobysheva, N. Litvinova, M. Livzan, O. Gaus","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-5","url":null,"abstract":"Eradication therapy occupies a key place in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infections. The presence of HP in the human body can affect the composition of gut microbiota in several ways, including the direct effect of infection or as a consequence of HP eradication regimes. Nowadays, one of the measures to increase the eradication therapy efficacy and reduce the probability of antibiotic-associated disorders is the strategy of gut microbiome modulation. The article discusses the HP effects on the gut microbiota, methods for probiotic correction in conditions of HP infection and eradication therapy. Probiotics have a destructive effect on the biofilm formed by HP, and its destruction can increase the efficacy of antibacterial therapy. The most rational regimen is the administration of probiotics before and during eradication, or at least for two weeks. At the same time, probiotics should include a variety of bacterial strains with proven efficacy and a high safety profile. KEYWORDS: Helicobacter pylori, microbiota, eradication therapy, probiotics, probiotic correction, antibiotic-associated disorders, inulin. FOR CITATION: Osipenko M.F., Zhuk E.A., Drobysheva V.P., Litvinova N.V., Livzan M.A., Gaus O.V. Probiotics in the Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):274–282 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-5.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76600574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor in the chiasmo-sellar region of a patient with fibrotic dysplasia: practice of an otorhinolaryngologist (case report)","authors":"M. M. Khapaeva, R.T. Zhuboev, I. A. Khakuasheva","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-10","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral tumors at their onset are asymptomatic or manifest in minor nonspecific signs. Nosebleed is considered one of the most common types of ENT emergency, a manifestation of brain tumors and postoperative complications. The article presents a case of a 35-year-old male patient who visited an otorhinolaryngologist with complaints of nosebleeds. Anamnesis showed that the patient had previously undergone transsphenoidal tumor resection due to the tumor in the chiasmo-sellar region detected by computed tomography (CT). Tumor nature at that moment could not be established due to intraoperative hemorrhage. CT angiography was performed to clarify the nature of hemorrhage, which revealed multiple brain arteriovenous malformations. CT also revealed a pattern of the patient: the diffuse bone lesion of the skull and facial skeleton, characteristic of fibrous dysplasia, which was first diagnosed at the age of 12. The article discusses further tactics of patient management with recurrent nosebleeds and breathing difficulties, taking into account a multidisciplinary approach. KEYWORDS: arteriovenous malformations, nasal septal perforation, tumor of the chiasmo-cellular region, ethmoidal air cells, fibrous dysplasia, biopsy. FOR CITATION: Khapaeva M.M., Zhuboev R.T., Khakuasheva I.A. Tumor in the chiasmo-sellar region of a patient with fibrotic dysplasia: practice of an otorhinolaryngologist (case report). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8). (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023- 7-8-10.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86136004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic factors and the course of irritable bowel syndrome: associations and interactions","authors":"O. Gaus, M. Livzan","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate the effect of the interaction of genetic and epigenetic factors on the formation and persistence of signs concerning irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Patients and Methods: the study included 263 patients with IBS (189 female, 74 male, mean age — 29 [25; 35] years), including: IBS with diarrhea (n=84), IBS with constipation (n=92), mixed IBS (n=87); mild (n=110), moderate (n=99), severe (n=54) course. The control group consisted of 40 subjects comparable by gender and age. In each group, the polymorphism prevalence of candidate genes associated with IBS (COMT, DRD2, SLC6A4, LCT, FTO, TLR9), nutritional characteristics, the level of anxiety and depression, including specific gastrointestinal anxiety, life quality, cortisol content in saliva, blood serotonin, dopamine blood level, fecal zonulin. Results: Val/Val genotype of the COMT gene, characterized by high enzyme activity, was more common among patients with IBS with diarrhea and mixed IBS (χ2=55.75, p<0.001), in severe course (χ2=32.66, p<0.001) and was associated with diarrhea (χ2=53.39, p<0.001), anxiety (χ2=20.01, p<0.001); Met/Met genotype was associated with constipation (χ2=16.09, p<0.001), abdominal pain (χ2=11.04, p=0.004) and depression (χ2=13.12, p=0.001). T/T genotype of the DRD2 gene, leading to a decrease in the density of dopamine D2 receptors, was more commonly found in patients with IBS with constipation (χ2=13.05, p=0.042) and severe course (χ2=30.37, p<0.001), and was associated with abdominal pain (χ2=42.84, p<0.001), episodes of overeating (χ2=29.05, p<0.001), sugar cravings (χ2=16.82, p=0.002) and depression (χ2=39.63, p<0.001). S/S genotype of the SLC6A4 gene, leading to a decrease in serotonin reuptake, was more common in patients with IBS with diarrhea (χ2=28.77, p<0.001), and was associated with abdominal pain (χ2=9.15, p<0.001), diarrhea (χ2=39.98, p<0.001) and anxiety (χ2=7.87, p=0.02), genotype L/L — with constipation (χ2=12.4, p=0.002). A/A genotype of the FTO gene was associated with overweight (χ2=41.33, p<0.001), episodes of overeating (χ2=31.49, p<0.001), increased consumption of added sugar (χ2=9.25, p=0.010), and cravings for sweet (χ2=26.19, p=0.001), farinaceous and confectionery products (χ2=7.85, p=0.019). CC genotype of the TLR9 gene, leading to excessive activation of TLR9, was more commonly detected in individuals with a history of acute intestinal infection (χ2=8.45, p=0.038). Conclusion: the identified associations suggest the impact of genetic and environmental factors on the severity and nature of the IBS course. KEYWORDS: irritable bowel syndrome, genetic factors, epigenetic factors, catechol-O-methyltransferase, dopamine D2 receptors, serotonin reuptake transporter, fat mass and obesity-associated gene, LCT gene, toll-like receptors. FOR CITATION: Gaus O.V., Livzan M.A. Genetic factors and the course of irritable bowel syndrome: associations and interactions. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):237–248 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88428856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycotic risk factors for the development of severe respiratory allergosis in the population of southern Russia","authors":"O. Ukhanova, E. Bogomolova, P.V. Budnikov, E. Churyukina, M. Malakhova, M. S. Shogenova, E. A. Goloshubova, V. Popova, O. Puzikova","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-65-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-65-74","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to determine the concentration of mold spores and causative allergens of pollen-producing grasses in the cities of Southern Russia and to assess the prevalence of multisensitization in patients with severe allergic respiratory diseases, taking into consideration mold specific IgE results. Patients and Methods: from 2018 to 2020, concentrations of airborne allergens were evaluated in Stavropol, Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don according to international techniques, using Burkard and Lanzoni volumetric spore and pollen traps. The levels of non-bacterial allergen- specific IgE were evaluated by allergen component testing in 143 patients (69 children and 74 adults) with allergic rhinitis and atopic asthma. Results: the results of aeropalynology studies demonstrated a high concentration of mold spores in the atmospheric air of all the studied cities co-occurring with seasonal increases in pollen allergen concentrations in the atmospheric air. The South of Russia is characterized by the year-round presence of mold allergens with sporulation peaks in July, August and September. The peak utilization of healthcare services coincided with the maximal concentration of plant pollen and mold spores. The results of comprehensive allergy diagnostic testing suggest that there is a predominance of patients with multisensitization (71%), including sensitization to pollen and mold spore allergens. As a result of the overlapping of the peaks of spreading airborne pollen allergens and mold sporulation, a frequent use of short-acting emergency β2-agonists and more calls for ambulance service are reported. Conclusion: the predominance of patients with multisensitization leads to the development of severe allergic respiratory diseases. Measures of timely management and prevention are needed for such patients. A daily monitoring of sporulation levels and pollen allergens in the air may help to avoid contacts with high concentrations of causative allergens and to implement the necessary preventive measures. The annual aeropalynology monitoring will provide an opportunity to predict allergen concentrations in the atmospheric air during the current year and to develop a statistically significant monitoring model in the future. KEYWORDS: molds, ragweed, aeromycology, aeropalynology, allergens, allergen component testing. FOR CITATION: Ukhanova O.P., Bogomolova E.V., Budnikov P.V. et al. Mycotic risk factors for the development of severe respiratory allergosis in the population of southern Russia. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(2):65–74 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-65-74.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78474325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and women's health","authors":"M. Livzan, M. I. Syrovenko, T. Krolevets","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-9","url":null,"abstract":"This article is aimed to summarize data on the incidence and patterns of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) course among women of different age. The prevalence of NAFLD is growing worldwide. In general, the incidence of this liver disease in men is higher than in women. However, a detailed examination of various age groups revealed that in women of reproductive age, the NAFLD incidence was lower than in men; at the same time, after menopause, the disease incidence in women became equal to the incidence in men, even exceeded it according to some data. Ongoing epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies indicate a higher risk of NAFLD and liver fibrosis in women with postmenopause versus woman with premenopause, as well as that older women with NAFLD have a higher mortality rate than men. One of the key roles in metabolic changes that contribute, in particular, to the NAFLD development is assigned to estrogens. The relevance of the NAFLD detection and treatment in women is due to a significantly higher prevalence of age-adjusted cardiovascular diseases, 5-year mortality from all causes and 5-year cardiovascular mortality versus women without NAFLD. KEYWORDS: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, fibrosis, steatosis, menopause, premenopause, pregnancy, estrogens, ursodeoxycholic acid. FOR CITATION: Livzan M.A., Syrovenko M.I., Krolevets T.S. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and women's health. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):310–317 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-9.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80714618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}