Sains Malaysiana最新文献

{"title":"Supplementary Feed Potential on Histology and Immune Response of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Exposed to Microplastics","authors":"Alfiah Hayati Alfiah Hayati, Manikya Pramudya Manikya Pramudya, Hari Soepriandono Hari Soepriandono, Listijani Suhargo Listijani Suhargo, Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi, Bayyinatul Muchtaromah Bayyinatul Muchtaromah, Adamu Ayubu Mwendolwa Adamu Ayubu Mwendolwa","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-01","url":null,"abstract":"Polyester microplastics (PS) are toxic and hazardous chemicals in the ecosystem that can induce stress. Disposing PS articles into the environment can negatively impact health of aquatic biota, including fish. This study aimed to investigate the potential of probiotics or vitamin C supplementation in improving the histological structure of organs and cytokine secretion in tilapia fish exposed to PS. Thirty-six tilapia were divided into 12 groups consisting of treatment groups (four PS concentration variations: 0, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L). Each treatment was given three types of feed: Commercial feed alone, commercial feed containing probiotics (200 mL/kg), and commercial feed containing vitamin C (100 mg/kg). The study had a sample size of n=3. After treatment was completed, all parameters were measured. The result showed that the addition of probiotics and vitamin C could decrease TNF-α levels and increase IFN-γ levels. Probiotics and vitamin C prevent healthy cells to be damaged by pro-inflammatory cytokines. The percentage of normal hepatocytes increased significantly in all treatment groups with the addition of probiotics or vitamin C. Furthermore, the percentage of hepatocytes with swelling and necrosis decreased significantly in treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, villi height, lamina propria width, submucosa height, and the number of goblet cells all increased significantly in all treatment groups with the administration of probiotics or vitamin C (p < 0.05). Overall, both probiotics and vitamin C supplements have the potential to maintain fish health. Vitamin C exhibits a greater potential than probiotics in regulating immune responses. Meanwhile, both probiotics and vitamin C supplements have potential to inhibit damage to the hepatic and intestine structures of fish exposed to PS.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Clinical Effectiveness of Aloe Vera for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Wounds","authors":"Ahmad Nur Afieq Idrus, K. Rehman, M. Zulfakar","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-14","url":null,"abstract":"Aloe vera is an herbaceous and perennial plant that belongs to Liliaceae family and used for many medicinal purposes. Aloe vera have been associated with the treatment of skin burns and postoperative wound healing but not many clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate its effectiveness against chronic wounds such as pressure injury. The present study aimed to systematically review clinical trials investigating the effect of Aloe vera on the prevention and healing of chronic wounds. To identify all related published studies, Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Ovid MEDLINE databases were searched in English language from the year 2015-2022. All clinical trials using Aloe vera gel, cream, or derivatives that included a control group with placebo or comparison with other treatments were included in the study according to the PRISMA selection process. In total, 11 trials that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The results of the studies showed successful use of Aloe vera in the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds including pressure injuries, chronic wound ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, chronic anal fissures, and traumatic oral ulceration due to orthodontic appliances. Based on its safety and efficacy profile, this review concluded that Aloe verahas potential benefits to be used as a complementary or alternative treatment in chronic wounds along with conventional methods. Its ability to retain skin moisture and preservation of skin integrity supports its use in the prevention of ulcers.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45943876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bootstrap Methods for Estimating the Confidence Interval for the Parameter of the Zero-Truncated Poisson-Sujatha Distribution and their Applications","authors":"W. Panichkitkosolkul","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-22","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous phenomena involve count data containing non-zero values and the zero-truncated Poisson-Sujatha distribution can be used to model such data. However, the confidence interval estimation of its parameter has not yet been examined. In this study, confidence interval estimation based on percentile, simple, biased-corrected and accelerated bootstrap methods, as well as the bootstrap-t interval, was examined in terms of coverage probability and average interval length via Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that attaining the nominal confidence level using the bootstrap methods was not possible for small sample sizes regardless of the other settings. Moreover, when the sample size was large, the performances of the methods were not substantially different. Overall, the bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap approach outperformed the others, even for small sample sizes. Last, the bootstrap methods were used to calculate the confidence interval for the zero-truncated Poisson-Sujatha parameter via three numerical examples, the results of which match those from the simulation study.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41514985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persicaria minor F-box Gene Pmf-box1 Indirectly Affects Arabidopsis thaliana LOX-HPL Pathway for Green Leaf Volatile Production","authors":"Nur Athirah Abd Hamid, Muhammad Naeem ul Hassan, Z. Zainal, I. Ismail","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-04","url":null,"abstract":"Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) play an essential role in plant defence, plant-plant interaction and plant-insect interaction. The plant releases GLVs and inhibits the growth and propagation of plant pathogens. In this study, overexpression of PmF-box1 in wild type A. thaliana showed the downregulation of genes involved in the lipoxygenase-hydroperoxide lyase (LOX-HPL) pathway, which contributes to the biosynthesis of GLVs. It resulted in a marked reduction of hexanal production in the PmF-box1-overexpressing plant. The expression pattern of LOX-HPL branch genes in the kelch-repeat modified PmF-box1 (KMF)-overexpressing plant showed a pattern much closer to the expression of LOX-HPL branch genes in the vector control (VC) plant. It was shown that the functional KMF protein sequence was not responsible for the significant reduction of all GLVs including hexanal, 1-hexanol, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, and the carbon 5 (C5) volatile, 1-penten-3-ol, in plants overexpressing KMF. Furthermore, this study also showed that the relative proportion of production of 1-penten-3-ol to hexanal was higher in the PmF-box1-overexpressing plant. Based on the current comparative literature search, PmF-box1 does not appear to interact directly with the proteins or transcription factors of the LOX-HPL pathway. On the other hand, PmF-box1 interacts with SAMS1, which subsequently influences the HPL pathway enzyme genes. Thus, this study highlights the potential roles of PmF-box1 in the manipulation of GLV productions.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41669960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Properties of Tapioca Starch-based Film Indicators with Anthocyanin Extract from Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas L.) and Response to pH Changes","authors":"Safinta Nurindra Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra Rahmadhia, Afist Azkiya Sidqi Afist Azkiya Sidqi, Yanas Anggana Saputra Yanas Anggana Saputra","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-06","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent packaging comes in the form of interactive film indicator using a natural pigment compound sensitive to pH changes. The development of intelligent packaging as an indicator film by utilizing natural pigment compounds that are related to pH change and food safety is motivated by increased consumer awareness of food safety. Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is the source of anthocyanin flavonoid compounds sensitive to pH changes, demonstrated by color changes in film indicators. This research aims to determine physical properties and the pH response of tapioca starch-based film indicators with anthocyanin extract variation from purple sweet potato. Purple sweet potato anthocyanin (PSPA) indicator film was made using tapioca starch as biopolymer by casting method with the addition of anthocyanin extract at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 g. Furthermore, this research is conducted to analyze the physical properties of the film, and response to pH changes of fresh cow milk, Gindara fish fillet and chicken sausage stored at 7 °C and 25 °C under 48-hour observation. The results showed that the film indicator thickness was 0.72-0.74 mm, tensile strength was 1.23-9.86 MPa, elongation was 14.83-55.74%, and water vapor permeability (WVP) was 1.32-1.78 × 10-14 kg.m/m2.s.Pa. The results of this study indicated that the PSPA indicator films have the potential to be used as smart packaging to monitor food freshness and quality for safe consumption. That was supported by the good physical properties of PSPA indicator films.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43904610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Liquid Smoke Treatment on Physical Stability and Impact Toughness Chicken Feather Fiber (CFF) as Reinforcement in Composites","authors":"Mukhlis Muslimin Mukhlis Muslimin, Saleh N. Saleh, Ahmad Seng, Willy Artha Wirawan, Mohammad Muzni harbelubun, Sandi Rais, Muhammad Alfajri Isham Muhammad Alfajri Isham","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-19","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the effect of liquid smoke treatment on chicken feather fibres (CFF) on the morphology and impact toughness of composites reinforced with CFF. The experiment was carried out by measuring the density of CFF, followed by immersion in liquid smoke for 1, 2, and 3 hours. All of the fibers, including one without the immersion treatment, were then inserted into the oven at a temperature of 40 °C for 30 min. The morphological assessments were done using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the impact test according to the ASTM D5942-96 standard on the Charpy method impact tester. The SEM results showed that the fibers without immersion had a multitude of impurities at the surface, while with immersion treatment, the fibers had a more clean and rough surface. Impact test results showed that the fiber-reinforced composite without treatment was 61,583 Kj/m2, while the fiber-reinforced composite with immersion treatment for 1, 2, and 3 hours increased by 63,894 Kj/m2, 71,061 Kj/m2, and 80,538 Kj/m2. Treatment for 3 hours significantly increased the strength of the composite by 30.78%.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46357175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Study of Total Phenolic Content from Piper betle Linn. Leaves Extract Using Subcritical Water","authors":"N. Rahmah, S. M. Mustapa Kamal, A. Sulaiman, F. Taip, S. I. Siajam","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-10","url":null,"abstract":"The green plant-based extraction of phenolic compounds is still challenging and attractive due to their benefit. The mechanism controlling of desorption rate of phenolic compounds, measured as total phenolic content (TPC), from Piper betle Linn. (PBL) leaves using subcritical water, and a one-site kinetic desorption model (first order) was studied. One-site kinetic desorption model has well explained the extraction mechanism of phenolic compounds from PBL leaves using subcritical water through desorption and diffusion mechanism. This model fits with the experimental data and presents a good description of the extraction mechanism with R-squared of 0.94. The recovery of TPC from PBL leaves using subcritical water was influenced by intraparticle diffusion, temperature, and extraction time. The desorption rate constant in the one-site kinetic desorption model increased from 100 to 200 °C (0.3975±0.02 to 3.3045±0.00 min-1) and then decreased to 250 °C (3.2093±0.00 min-1). The highest TPC was recovered quickly for 5 min at 200 °C. In addition, a high yield of TPC was also obtained at a slow desorption process for 30 min at a lower temperature of 175 °C. The low activation energy for the diffusion of phenolic compounds from PBL leaves of this study was 8.964 kJ/mol. This result showed that the one-site kinetic desorption model of subcritical water extraction has an excellent opportunity to be applicable in phenolic compounds recovery from PBL leaves. The one-site kinetic desorption rate constant and mathematical kinetic model equation achieved in this study might control the quality of phenolic compounds extracted from PBL leaves through subcritical water.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45547971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Antidiabetic Effect of Lupenone in Rats with Type 1 Diabetes and its Underlying Mechanism Based on Network Pharmacology","authors":"Hongmei Wu, Xulong Huang, Feng Xu, Xiaofen Li, Yuqing Liang, Liubo Yang, Xiangpei Wang","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-15","url":null,"abstract":"Lupenone has been reported to possess numerous medicinal values and gives a positive antidiabetic effect. But the mechanism of preventing and treating type 1 diabetes has not been elucidated in type 1 diabetic rats. This study investigated the effects and mechanism of action of lupenone in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes by network pharmacology and diabetic rats. The blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and inflammatory factors in the pancreas of rats with type 1 diabetes were measured, and histopathological changes were observed after treatment with lupenone. The pharmacological network of ‘component-target-disease’ was constructed on diabetic rats. Gene function enrichment, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and molecular docking were performed. The results showed that lupenone can decrease fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, increase insulin content and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and decrease IL-6, transforming growth factor β and tumor necrosis factor α levels in the pancreas. Furthermore, ten targets were identified, and 50 signal pathways closely related to type 1 diabetes and inflammation were screened by network pharmacology, including insulin resistance, type II diabetes, type I diabetes, insulin signal pathway, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signal pathway. The docking affinity of potential targets and lupenone were between -3.3 and -9.8, among which caspase-3 (CASP3), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta (IKBKB), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1), and TNF had high binding abilities. Thus, lupenone has the potential to be developed as a new drug for treating type 1 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43913501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemeringkatan Saham Patuh Syariah Menggunakan Pembuatan Keputusan Multi-Kriterium: TOPSIS dan GRA","authors":"Farah Azaliney Binti Mohd Amin, Saiful Hafizah Jaaman","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-21","url":null,"abstract":"Peningkatan bilangan saham patuh Syariah yang didagangkan di Bursa Malaysia menjadikan proses pemilihan pelaburan semakin penting dan mencabar. Oleh itu, pelabur memerlukan suatu mekanisme bersifat kuantitatif dan bukan hanya berdasarkan penilaian kualitatif atau intuitif semata-mata. Dalam kajian ini, prestasi saham 10 syarikat patuh Syariah yang disenaraikan oleh Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia (SCM) dianalisis menggunakan nisbah kewangan utama syarikat iaitu pelaburan, keberuntungan, kecairan, keumpilan dan kecekapan. Fokus kajian adalah untuk memeringkatkan prestasi saham dari 2017 sehingga 2021 menggunakan dua kaedah iaitu Teknik Keutamaan Tertib Mengikut Persamaan dengan Penyelesaian Ideal (TOPSIS) dan Analisis Hubungan Kelabu (GRA). Keputusan kajian menunjukkan konsistensi pemeringkatan saham antara kedua-dua kaedah, terutama dalam memilih dua kedudukan teratas iaitu NESTLE dan PETGAS serta tiga saham kedudukan terbawah iaitu MISC, PMETAL dan AXIATA. Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa GRA merupakan kaedah alternatif yang setanding dengan TOPSIS dan mampu membantu para pelabur untuk mengenal pasti saham patuh Syariah terbaik.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47751938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemetaan Geobahaya Berdasarkan Kaedah Faktor Penilaian Tanah Runtuh (LHEF), di Empangan Sultan Mahmud, Tasik Kenyir, Kuala Berang, Terengganu","authors":"Mohamad Anuri Ghazali, Mohd Rozi Umor, Abdul Ghani Md Rafek","doi":"10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5206-23","url":null,"abstract":"Kajian pemetaan potensi tanah runtuh telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah Faktor Penilaian Tanah Runtuh (LHEF) di Empangan Sultan Mahmud, Tasik Kenyir yang melibatkan kawasan tanah tinggi dengan litologi batuan granit, cerun potong kejuruteraan dan cerun semula jadi. Kaedah pemetaan LHEF sangat berguna kepada perancang bandar bagi tujuan pembangunan kawasan untuk memastikan secara relatif kawasan tersebut selamat. Permasalahan dalam kajian ini adalah kawasan kajian yang berbukit dan berbatu yang curam yang mana agak sukar untuk memperoleh data. Sebanyak enam (6) parameter dipertimbangkan dalam penilaian geobahaya cerun iaitu litologi, struktur geologi, morfometri cerun, penurunan relatif, guna tanah dan tutupan tanah serta keadaan hidrogeologi. Hasil daripada penilaian yang dijalankan diplotkan di dalam peta geobahaya potensi tanah runtuh. Penentuan kaedah pemetaan geobahaya sesuatu kawasan perlu mengambil kira keadaan sesuatu bagi memastikan pemetaan geobahaya yang dijalankan menghasilkan keputusan yang tepat. Sebanyak 858 cerun telah dinilai di dalam kajian ini yang merangkumi kawasan kajian 1, 2 dan 3. Didapati699 cerun dizonkan sebagai geobahaya sederhana, 87 cerun dizonkan sebagai geobahaya tinggi dan hanya 72 cerun dizonkan sebagai geobahaya rendah. Secara asasnya ciri cerun yang dikategori sebagai geobahaya rendah adalah landai, tiada hakisan dan tiada struktur geodinamik. Zon geobahaya cerun sederhana pula adalah cerun yang mempunyai kecerunan sederhana curam, hakisan alur dan galur. Cerun yang dikategori sebagai geobahaya tinggi mempunyai struktur geodinamik seperti tegangan, rekahan, kecerunan melebihi 45 darjah, batu tongkol yang longgar, runtuhan lama, hakisan dan ketakselanjaran yang recam.","PeriodicalId":21366,"journal":{"name":"Sains Malaysiana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44380089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}