Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy最新文献

“Fight or flight”—A study of frontline emergency response workforce's perceived knowledge, and motivation to work during hazards "要么战斗，要么逃跑"--对一线应急人员在危险中的认知和工作动力的研究

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12314

Jarle L. Sørensen, Luc Mortelmans, Lesley Gray, Amir Khorram‐Manesh, Attila J. Hertelendy, Karianne N. Stray, Kevin Kupietz, Mahmoud R. Peyravi, Jamie Ranse, Nebil Achour

引用次数: 0

Unequal burials: Medicolegal death investigation system variation as a determinant of FEMA's disaster funeral assistance allocation 不平等的葬礼：法医死亡调查系统的差异是联邦紧急事务管理局灾害殡葬援助分配的一个决定因素

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12315

Danielle Zaychik

引用次数: 0

Translating global norms into national action. Insights from the implementation of societal security norms in Sweden 将全球准则转化为国家行动。瑞典实施社会安全准则的启示

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12313

Elin Jakobsson

{"title":"Translating global norms into national action. Insights from the implementation of societal security norms in Sweden","authors":"Elin Jakobsson","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12313","url":null,"abstract":"The way in which norms diffuse from the international level and are implemented at the national level has been a key interest of social constructivists in general and norm scholars in particular for many decades. Nonetheless, surprisingly little effort has been made to understand or explain the factors that make norm implementation successful. This article sets out to systematically assess commonly highlighted implementation factors—actors, norm characteristics, and structures—to expand knowledge of whether or how these affect domestic norm implementation. To this end, the article conducts a structured, focused comparison of three cases of norms from the societal security sphere—the transportation of dangerous goods, disaster risk reduction, and cybersecurity—to explore their implementation processes in Sweden. The study explores whether, and if so how, previously suggested key factors are important when implementing global norms at the national level. The comparison concludes that the structure, including the venue for and availability of policy instruments, has been the most decisive factor in the coherent assessment of the three sample cases.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovation and adaption in local governments in the face of COVID‐19: Determinants of effective crisis management 地方政府面对 COVID-19 的创新和适应：有效危机管理的决定因素

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12311

Danielle Zaychik, Itai Beeri, Yonat Rein‐Sapir, Nufar Avni, Alex Altshuler

{"title":"Innovation and adaption in local governments in the face of COVID‐19: Determinants of effective crisis management","authors":"Danielle Zaychik, Itai Beeri, Yonat Rein‐Sapir, Nufar Avni, Alex Altshuler","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12311","url":null,"abstract":"Local governments were instrumental in managing the COVID‐19 crisis in countries worldwide. This study examines the methods that local governments in Israel used to successfully manage the COVID‐19 crisis. We explored the structural characteristics of the localities that excelled at managing the pandemic. Furthermore, we used measures of the spread of the virus and vaccination rates to identify a group of localities that managed the crisis with relative success. We conducted interviews with officials from these localities to determine the methods, policies, and conditions that led to success. We found that ethnicity, distance from urban centers, and socioeconomic status were associated with effective COVID‐19 management. We also identified several intraorganizational and interorganizational policies and practices that were successful: crisis‐adjusted management, a unified organizational atmosphere, digitalization, information management, autonomous decision making, and the fostering of collaborative relationships. Implications of the findings for the All Hazards Approach to disaster management are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explaining regulatory change in the European Union: The role of the financial crisis in ratcheting up of risk regulation 解释欧盟的监管变革：金融危机在加强风险监管中的作用

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12312

Ronit Justo‐Hanani

引用次数: 0

The influence of environmental cues on behavioral response: An assessment of the Protective Action Decision Model in the context of COVID‐19 环境线索对行为反应的影响：结合 COVID-19 评估保护行动决策模型

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12305

Amber Silver, Nadia Koratty, Samantha Penta, Lauren Clay

{"title":"The influence of environmental cues on behavioral response: An assessment of the Protective Action Decision Model in the context of COVID‐19","authors":"Amber Silver, Nadia Koratty, Samantha Penta, Lauren Clay","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12305","url":null,"abstract":"The Protective Action Decision Model has emerged within the literature as a theoretical model with promising predictive ability, particularly in the context of short‐term behavioral response and longer‐term hazard adjustments. However, the applicability of the model in the context of public health hazards is less certain. Accordingly, this research utilizes an online questionnaire instrument disseminated via Qualtrics to residents of New York State at three points in the COVID‐19 pandemic (October 2020, January 2021, and May–June 2021) to examine whether changes to the built environment (i.e., signs requiring masking, signs requiring social distancing, and presence of hand sanitizing stations) influenced threat perceptions (i.e., perception of severity and likelihood of infection), and in turn, behavioral responses (i.e., masking, social distancing, and hand sanitizing) at different points in time. The results demonstrate that changes in the built environment were positively associated with behavioral responses at different points in the pandemic, rather than being mediated through threat perception, as predicted by the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM). The paper concludes with a brief discussion of how these findings may guide future research on environmental cues, threat perceptions, and behavioral response to better understand protective action decision‐making in the context of an ongoing public health hazard.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk communication and large language models 风险交流和大型语言模型

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12303

Daniel Sledge, Herschel F. Thomas

{"title":"Risk communication and large language models","authors":"Daniel Sledge, Herschel F. Thomas","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12303","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread embrace of Large Language Models (LLMs) integrated with chatbot interfaces, such as ChatGPT, represents a potentially critical moment in the development of risk communication and management. In this article, we consider the implications of the current wave of LLM‐based chat programs for risk communication. We examine ChatGPT‐generated responses to 24 different hazard situations. We compare these responses to guidelines published for public consumption on the US Department of Homeland Security's Ready.gov website. We find that, although ChatGPT did not generate false or misleading responses, ChatGPT responses were typically less than optimal in terms of their similarity to guidances from the federal government. While delivered in an authoritative tone, these responses at times omitted important information and contained points of emphasis that were substantially different than those from Ready.gov. Moving forward, it is critical that researchers and public officials both seek to harness the power of LLMs to inform the public and acknowledge the challenges represented by a potential shift in information flows away from public officials and experts and towards individuals.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140842487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Collaborative defense in the Arctic: Strengthening Norway's oil sector resilience through knowledge sharing and vigilance against drone threats 北极合作防御：通过知识共享和警惕无人机威胁加强挪威石油部门的应变能力

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12302

Riana Steen, Tommy B. Hansen

{"title":"Collaborative defense in the Arctic: Strengthening Norway's oil sector resilience through knowledge sharing and vigilance against drone threats","authors":"Riana Steen, Tommy B. Hansen","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12302","url":null,"abstract":"Norway's oil sector faces significant security challenges due to rapid technological advancements and heightened geopolitical tensions, particularly concerning threats from Russian drones. The sector maintains a vigilant approach, continually monitoring and adapting to evolving threats. This study investigates strategies employed by sector companies to mitigate challenges, emphasizing collaboration, effective network utilization, and learning from past incidents to enhance operational resilience. Our analysis aligns with three thematic areas from the Generic Resilience Management Guidelines developed under the EU‐funded H2020 project DARWIN: enhancing coordination in emergency response operations, managing adaptive capacities, and updating procedures and checklists. The study underscores the role of task forces, interdisciplinary teams, and collaborative efforts among industry operators in enhancing adaptability to threats. Findings indicated that although a willingness to draw insights from past incidents exists, a predominant reactive approach to learning prevails. Furthermore, a culture of secrecy prevalent in the sector inhibits knowledge sharing, potentially challenging overall resilience. In this complex context, proactive and transparent security approaches are imperative for Norway's oil sector to enhance resilience. Organizations should adopt a dynamic, technology‐integrated risk management approach, involving continuous policy revision and stakeholder engagement, as suggested in contemporary resilience enhancement strategies.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140830926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controversial issues in crisis management. Bridging public policy and crisis management to better understand and address crises 危机管理中的争议问题。衔接公共政策和危机管理，更好地理解和应对危机

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12304

Giliberto Capano, Federico Toth

引用次数: 0

Social media and crowdsourcing in disaster risk management: Trends, gaps, and insights from the current state of research 灾害风险管理中的社交媒体和众包：研究现状的趋势、差距和启示

IF 3.5

Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/rhc3.12297

Anne B. Nielsen, Dario Landwehr, Juliette Nicolaï, Tejal Patil, Emmanuel Raju

{"title":"Social media and crowdsourcing in disaster risk management: Trends, gaps, and insights from the current state of research","authors":"Anne B. Nielsen, Dario Landwehr, Juliette Nicolaï, Tejal Patil, Emmanuel Raju","doi":"10.1002/rhc3.12297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12297","url":null,"abstract":"Social media and crowdsourcing (SMCS) are increasingly used as tools to govern disasters. Nevertheless, we have a limited understanding of how these technologies support disaster risk management (DRM). Based on a comprehensive literature review of 237 papers, we present a state‐of‐the‐art of the research field linking SMCS with DRM. The paper provides insights into major trends in research published from 2008 to 2023. It maps the use of SMCS across disaster phases, disaster types, research design, and geographies before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Our results show that existing research predominantly focuses on preparedness and response activities. Moreover, research on SMCS tends to favor (single) case studies and secondary data, and despite a minor shift following the COVID‐19 pandemic, research is dominated by North America, South Asia, Australia, and Europe. There is very little research coming from severely disaster‐prone regions in the Global South on SMCS in disasters with a few exceptions. Research should focus on the power shifts that these technologies produce, the contexts in which they are supposed to be applied, and the sociocultural conditions that co‐produce, potentially vulnerable, outcomes of SMCS in disaster risk management.","PeriodicalId":21362,"journal":{"name":"Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0