American Biological Safety Association Journal最新文献

Infectious Waste Disposal in Developing Countries: Recommended Minimal Practices from a Hospital Survey in Southeast Asia 发展中国家的传染性废物处理:东南亚医院调查推荐的最低限度做法

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500204

E. Cole

引用次数: 3

President's Page 总统的页面

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500202

J. Keene

引用次数: 0

Arthropod Containment Guidelines under Development 节肢动物控制指南正在制定中

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500208

M. Benedict

引用次数: 0

A Tuberculosis Outbreak among Medical Waste Workers 医疗废物处理工人爆发结核病

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500207

A. Weber, Y. Boudreau, V. Mortimer

{"title":"A Tuberculosis Outbreak among Medical Waste Workers","authors":"A. Weber, Y. Boudreau, V. Mortimer","doi":"10.1177/109135050000500207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109135050000500207","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational exposures to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and bloodborne pathogens were evaluated during the processing of medical waste at a commercial treatment site. The facility utilized a method consisting of shredding waste followed by disinfection with dielectric heat. A previous epidemiologic investigation revealed three employees with active tuberculosis, the etiologic agent in each case having a different drug susceptibility pattern. This finding eliminated the possibility of person-to-person transmission between employees. Further evaluation confirmed that one employee was infected with a strain of M. tuberculosis identical to an isolate recovered from a patient treated at a clinic that sent waste to the treatment facility. Factors contributing to exposures included: the aerosolization of products contained in the waste, deficiencies in the facility design, absence of safety policies, inadequate design and operation of processing equipment. Furthermore, misunderstandings among employees regarding equipment operating procedures, use of personal protective equipment, and routes of disease transmission may have also been involved in employees exposures.","PeriodicalId":212933,"journal":{"name":"American Biological Safety Association Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133799410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Medical and Infectious Waste Management 医疗和传染病废物管理

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500206

I. Salkin, E. Krisiunas, W. Turnberg

引用次数: 11

Regulated Medical Waste: A Special Edition of the Journal of the American Biological Safety Association 管制医疗废物:美国生物安全协会杂志特别版

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500203

I. Salkin

{"title":"Regulated Medical Waste: A Special Edition of the Journal of the American Biological Safety Association","authors":"I. Salkin","doi":"10.1177/109135050000500203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109135050000500203","url":null,"abstract":"In 1988, the Congress of the United States enacted the Medical Waste Tracking Act in response to public pressure brought about by several incidents purportedly involving regulated medical waste (RMW) washing-up along the coasts of three Northeast states. It was further alleged that this waste had entered New York City harbor as a result of illegal disposal activities of one or more waste haulers. It would later be established that very little of the waste contained what would be defined as RMW components, and that the materials had entered the harbor through the New York City storm drainage system rather than through the unlawful actions of waste transporters. However, these facts did not prevent the legislatures of a majority of states from promulgating their own laws and regulations to control the generation, processing, treatment and disposal of RMW. Although the federal statute \"sunset\" in 1991, most states and several federal agencies maintain some form of regulatory oversight over the waste generated through the delivery of health care and research involving potential human infectious agents. While several studies over the last 10 years have demonstrated that there are occupational risks associated with RMW, there has not been, to the guest editor's knowledge, a single report documenting the acquisition of an infectious disease among the public related to RMW. Most of the investigations which have been published in the literature have found that the general public's health would not likely be adversely affected by RMW generated by health care facilities. However, the public perceives RMW as a real and direct health threat. The numerous reports in the popular press of physical injuries (generally needlesticks) caused by RMW, especially when they occur in such public locations a parks and playgrounds, magnify the threat posed by RMW in the collective mind of the public. In addition, the","PeriodicalId":212933,"journal":{"name":"American Biological Safety Association Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125965324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological Contamination of the Building Environment: Sampling and Analysis 建筑环境的生物污染:抽样与分析

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500106

R. Fink, E. Gilman

{"title":"Biological Contamination of the Building Environment: Sampling and Analysis","authors":"R. Fink, E. Gilman","doi":"10.1177/109135050000500106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109135050000500106","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational-Related Illness Due to Microorganisms Examination of the microbial environment began in the late 1600's when Antony van Leeuwenhoek observed microorganisms (\"animalcules\") in water. In the mid-eighteenth century Lazzaro Spallanzani concluded, after a lengthy series of experiments, that the \"animalcules\" observed in water were carried by the air. These organisms in the air and water were not considered potential disease agents until the work of Pasteur and Koch demonstrated that certain microbes could cause disease. The first pathogen purified and identified was Bacillus anthracis, a serious livestock pathogen and an agent of occupationally acquired illness. Since the pioneering work of Pasteur and Koch a large number of occupational illnesses have been determined to have a microbiological basis. People involved in agricultural related occupations experienced large proportions of these illnesses. This is due to two factors; 1) agricultural workers have intimate contact with soil and 2) specialized environmental conditions on the farm permit high numbers of specific organisms to grow. For example, farmers often store large amounts of hay and grain in buildings that are relatively airtight. This storage condition leads to high humidity and temperature that results in the microbial decay of the organic material by thermophilic actinomycetes (Micropolyspora faeni, Thermoactinomyces spp.). These are the principal agents of farmer's lung disease. Farmer's lung disease has also occurred in mushroom workers exposed to compost dust\", The use of ventilators in barns and silos will reduce the temperature below the optimum for the growth of actinomycetes and therefore will reduce the incidence of farmer's lung. Agricultural workers are also exposed to a wide variety of fungi (Aureobasidium, Aspergillus, Penicillium. Botrytis, Cladosporium, Alternaria spp.), many of which have been implicated in causing","PeriodicalId":212933,"journal":{"name":"American Biological Safety Association Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114784461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Comparison of Protection Factors for Selected Medical, Industrial and Military Masks 医用口罩、工业口罩和军用口罩防护系数比较

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500105

B. Kournikakis, R. Harding, J. Tremblay, Maureen L. Simpson

引用次数: 7

Misdiagnoses of Tuberculosis Resulting from Laboratory Cross-Contamination of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Cultures—New Jersey, 1998 结核分枝杆菌培养物实验室交叉污染导致的结核病误诊-新泽西，1998

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500107

K. Shilkret, Z. Liu, F. Santos, M. Dillon, M. Schulman, B. Kreiswirth, P. Bifani, S. Moghazeh, B. Mathema

{"title":"Misdiagnoses of Tuberculosis Resulting from Laboratory Cross-Contamination of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Cultures—New Jersey, 1998","authors":"K. Shilkret, Z. Liu, F. Santos, M. Dillon, M. Schulman, B. Kreiswirth, P. Bifani, S. Moghazeh, B. Mathema","doi":"10.1177/109135050000500107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109135050000500107","url":null,"abstract":"A diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is rarely disputed if Mycobacterium tuberculosis is isolated from a clinical specimen; however, specimen contamination may occur (1-3). Identification of TB strain patterns through molecular typing or DNA fingerprinting is a recent advancement in TB laboratory techniques (3-7). CDC's National Tuberculosis Genotyping and Surveillance Network (NTGSN) performs DNA fingerprinting on TB isolates to determine the frequency of clustering among M. tuberculosis strains in project surveillance sites. In November 1998, NTGSN detected 11 isolates from previously reported TB cases among persons in New Jersey whose DNA fingerprints matched the avirulent laboratory M. tuberculosis control strain H37Ra. H37Ra does not cause active TB in humans, but it has been reported as a source of cross-contamination (8). In collaboration with the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, CDC investigated H37Ra as a possible cause of TB disease and/or TB misdiagnoses caused by laboratory cross-contamination in the 11 case-patients. This report describes findings from two of the 11 cases and summarizes the results of this investigation, which indicate that TB was misdiagnosed and demonstrate the value of DNA fingerprinting to identify occurrences of cross-contamination of patient specimens.","PeriodicalId":212933,"journal":{"name":"American Biological Safety Association Journal","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133249760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

President's Page 总统的页面

American Biological Safety Association Journal Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/109135050000500102

J. Keene

引用次数: 0