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Endoscopic ultrasound and percutaneous access for endoscopic biliary and pancreatic drainage after initially failed ERCP. 内镜下超声和经皮进入内镜胆道和胰管引流最初失败的ERCP。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2007-01-01
Kapil Gupta, Shawn Mallery, David Hunter, Martin L Freeman
{"title":"Endoscopic ultrasound and percutaneous access for endoscopic biliary and pancreatic drainage after initially failed ERCP.","authors":"Kapil Gupta,&nbsp;Shawn Mallery,&nbsp;David Hunter,&nbsp;Martin L Freeman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the success rates of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in accessing the bile and pancreatic ducts are quite high, failure to achieve duct access still occurs. Options in these cases have traditionally included percutaneous access or open surgical intervention. A combination percutaneous and endoscopic approach (ie, rendezvous procedure) is often used in cases of failed biliary cannulation by ERCP and occasionally for pancreatic duct access. However, this technique often results in complications and is hampered by the difficulty in coordinating schedules between interventional radiologists and endoscopists and the lack of predictability of failed ERCP access. Several groups have described the use of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in accessing the ducts in cases of failed ERCP. This technique has the potential to substantially reduce the need for a percutaneous or surgical approach in many cases. This article reviews the nonsurgical methods for accessing the biliary and pancreatic ducts after failure of ERCP as well as the current status and possible future applications of EUS-assisted drainage techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"7 1","pages":"22-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26231979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biologic therapy in Crohn's disease: review of the evidence. 克罗恩病的生物治疗:证据综述
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2007-01-01
Edward V Loftus
{"title":"Biologic therapy in Crohn's disease: review of the evidence.","authors":"Edward V Loftus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is expected that within a few months, there will be commercially available in the United States a total of 3 biologic agents with inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) as the primary mechanism of action: infliximab, adalimumab, and certolizumab pegol. The primary efficacy data for each of these agents are reviewed. All 3 agents appear to be efficacious for both induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. There are no trials comparing these agents, but one can infer from available data that they have broadly similar efficacy. Adverse events associated with anti-TNF-a therapy, including infection, infusion reactions, autoimmunity, risk of malignancy, and neurologic events, are reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"7 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26231982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical perspectives in Crohn's disease. Turning traditional treatment strategies on their heads: current evidence for "step-up" versus "top-down". 克罗恩病的临床观点颠覆传统的治疗策略:目前的证据是“加强”还是“自上而下”。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2007-01-01
Stephen B Hanauer
{"title":"Clinical perspectives in Crohn's disease. Turning traditional treatment strategies on their heads: current evidence for \"step-up\" versus \"top-down\".","authors":"Stephen B Hanauer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current Crohn's disease treatment algorithm involves a \"step-up\" approach in which conventional medications such as corticosteroids are given first and anti-tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) agents are reserved for refractory cases. Although this approach may seem to be cost-efficient, recent studies have shown that \"top-down\" therapy using anti-TNF-a agents in newly diagnosed patients improves long-term rates of mucosal healing, a therapeutic endpoint that correlates with reduced hospitalizations and surgeries, thereby reducing overall costs and enhancing patients' quality of life. Another reason the step-up approach has been favored over the top-down is concern about side effects; however, a multivariate logistic regression analysis of patients treated with or without infliximab showed no differences in mortality, serious infections, or malignancies between the 2 groups. Moreover, newer anti-TNF-a agents, such as adalimumab and certolizumab pegol, have the potential to reduce the risk of immunogenicity and the associated infusion reactions and loss of response, as well as reducing autoimmunity associated with infliximab therapy. The potential advantages of \"reversing\" our current therapeutic pyramid/algorithm for the treatment of Crohn's disease include early disease stabilization and disease modification, minimization of complications such as strictures and fistulae that lead to the need for surgery, reduction of postoperative recurrence, and avoidance of the ubiquitous complications of corticosteroid therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"7 Suppl 2 ","pages":"S17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26231986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empiric treatment of traveler's diarrhea: azithromycin emerging as new drug of choice? 旅行者腹泻的经验性治疗:阿奇霉素成为首选新药?
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2007-01-01
Edward C Oldfield
{"title":"Empiric treatment of traveler's diarrhea: azithromycin emerging as new drug of choice?","authors":"Edward C Oldfield","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"7 4","pages":"224-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41061883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sedationless upper endoscopy. 无镇静上颌内窥镜检查。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
Amitabh Chak, Richard I Rothstein
{"title":"Sedationless upper endoscopy.","authors":"Amitabh Chak,&nbsp;Richard I Rothstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of sedation with peroral passage of conventionally sized endoscopes for upper endoscopy is the standard practice for most endoscopists in the United States. The administration of sedatives requires time-consuming and resource-intensive patient monitoring, has substantial cost, and can produce side effects and rare complications. Ultra-thin videoendoscopes (outer diameter less than 6 mm) have been developed, can easily be passed transorally or transnasally without sedation, and have been shown to be well tolerated and accurate. Unsedated upper endoscopy can provide an efficient, cost-effective alternative to standard endoscopy, should be useful for endoscopic screening, and can be offered as an option to conventional sedated examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26240961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rifaximin for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: reviewing the evidence. 利福昔明治疗小肠细菌过度生长:证据回顾。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
M Brian Fennerty
{"title":"Rifaximin for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: reviewing the evidence.","authors":"M Brian Fennerty","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 4","pages":"247-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26490395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sedationless upper endoscopy. 无镇静上颌内窥镜检查。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
Amitabh Chak, Richard I Rothstein
{"title":"Sedationless upper endoscopy.","authors":"Amitabh Chak,&nbsp;Richard I Rothstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of sedation with peroral passage of conventionally sized endoscopes for upper endoscopy is the standard practice for most endoscopists in the United States. The administration of sedatives requires time-consuming and resource-intensive patient monitoring, has substantial cost, and can produce side effects and rare complications. Ultra-thin videoendoscopes (outer diameter less than 6 mm) have been developed, can easily be passed transorally or transnasally without sedation, and have been shown to be well tolerated and accurate. Unsedated upper endoscopy can provide an efficient, cost-effective alternative to standard endoscopy, should be useful for endoscopic screening, and can be offered as an option to conventional sedated examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25892182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infectious disease. Failures of antibiotic prophylaxis for travelers' diarrhea: norovirus may be the culprit. 传染病。旅行者腹泻抗生素预防失败:诺如病毒可能是罪魁祸首。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
Edward C Oldfield
{"title":"Infectious disease. Failures of antibiotic prophylaxis for travelers' diarrhea: norovirus may be the culprit.","authors":"Edward C Oldfield","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 2","pages":"116-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26024870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms on antisecretory therapy: acid, non-acid, or no GERD. 胃食管反流病的抗分泌治疗症状:有酸、无酸或无反流。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
Philip O Katz
{"title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms on antisecretory therapy: acid, non-acid, or no GERD.","authors":"Philip O Katz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A clinically important subset of patients with erosive esophagitis will not attain adequate symptom relief and healing on once-a-day proton pump inhibitor therapy. This is especially true in patients with frequent and nocturnal heartburn and in those with Los Angeles Grades C and D erosive esophagitis. The approach to evaluation and management of cases of refractory or difficult gastroesophageal reflux disease is the subject of this state-of-the-art review.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 3","pages":"136-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26240955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The prevention of gastropathy and upper abdominal symptoms caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 预防非甾体类抗炎药引起的胃病和上腹部症状。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2006-01-01
Nimish Vakil
{"title":"The prevention of gastropathy and upper abdominal symptoms caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.","authors":"Nimish Vakil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is increasing, primarily due to arthritis in the aging population. This article reviews current data on the risk of gastrointestinal complications related to NSAIDs and strategies to manage risk in patients taking these agents. Risks of NSAID use include gastrointestinal ulceration, hemorrhage, or perforation; renal dysfunction; death; and dyspepsia. Alternate therapies include use of non-NSAID analgesics; low-dose NSAIDs; and concurrent administration of cytoprotective agents with NSAIDs, acid inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, and COX-2 agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"6 4","pages":"221-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26490394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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