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Reviews in gastroenterological disorders最新文献

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Pylera plus omeprazole: quadruple treatment for Helicobacter pylori. 幽门螺杆菌加奥美拉唑:幽门螺杆菌四联治疗。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Danial E Baker
{"title":"Pylera plus omeprazole: quadruple treatment for Helicobacter pylori.","authors":"Danial E Baker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2007, the American College of Gastroenterology published updated treatment guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, the leading cause of peptic ulcers. The recommended effective therapies are a triple drug regimen for 14 days or a quadruple bismuth therapy for 10 to 14 days, which includes a combination of a proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole, bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline. These drug regimens all require strict adherence and several pills daily, but recent formulations have lessened the pill burden, which can improve patient compliance and outcomes. The pharmacology, product availability, efficacy, and potential adverse reactions of these regimens are discussed in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27439452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Certolizumab pegol: a polyethylene glycolated Fab' fragment of humanized anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody for the treatment of Crohn's disease. Certolizumab pegol:用于治疗克罗恩病的人源抗肿瘤坏死因子α单克隆抗体的聚乙烯糖化Fab'片段。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Danial E Baker
{"title":"Certolizumab pegol: a polyethylene glycolated Fab' fragment of humanized anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody for the treatment of Crohn's disease.","authors":"Danial E Baker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certolizumab pegol offers an alternative to the other biologic response modifiers for the treatment of Crohn's disease. Results from phase II dose-ranging studies were mixed because a number of the studies had high placebo response rates and a large number of patients with low C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Phase III clinical trials have demonstrated induction of clinical responses and maintenance of remission for patients independent of whether baseline CRP levels were normal or elevated. Although concomitant immune suppressants reduced the immunogenicity, there were no differences in clinical response at 6 to 12 months for patients receiving immunosuppressives compared with those not receiving concomitant medications. There is also evidence that patients treated earlier in the course of disease may have improved responses and that patients who have lost response to infliximab will respond to certolizumab pegol.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 4","pages":"240-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27920999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of loperamide in gastrointestinal disorders. 洛哌丁胺在胃肠道疾病中的作用。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Stephen B Hanauer
{"title":"The role of loperamide in gastrointestinal disorders.","authors":"Stephen B Hanauer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loperamide is an effective therapy for a variety of diarrheal syndromes, including acute, nonspecific (infectious) diarrhea; traveler's diarrhea; and chemotherapy-related and protease inhibitor?associated diarrhea. Loperamide is effective for the \"gut-directed\" symptom of diarrhea in patients with painless diarrhea or diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Loperamide and diphenoxylate are commonly used to treat diarrhea in numerous settings of inflammatory bowel disease. Loperamide has also been observed to increase anal sphincter tone, which may lead to improvement of fecal continence in patients with and without diarrhea. Loperamide is generally well tolerated at recommended nonprescription doses, with the most common side effects related to the impact on bowel motility (abdominal pain, distention, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and constipation).</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27439450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Esophageal disease. Intragastric pH control and healing of erosive esophagitis. 食管疾病。胃内pH值控制与糜烂性食管炎的愈合。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Philip O Katz
{"title":"Esophageal disease. Intragastric pH control and healing of erosive esophagitis.","authors":"Philip O Katz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 1","pages":"72-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27450577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New pharmacological agents for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. 治疗胃食管反流病的新药物。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Nimish Vakil
{"title":"New pharmacological agents for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.","authors":"Nimish Vakil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently the most effective and most widely used agents for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Despite the efficacy of these agents in healing and symptom relief, a substantial proportion of patients require twice-daily therapy with PPIs, and break-through symptoms cause others to use over-the-counter antacids and histamine 2-receptor antagonists to supplement their PPI therapy. Major strategies that are being pursued include the development of agents that have a faster onset of action for on-demand therapy; have better control of acid secretion, resulting in improved healing in advanced grades of esophagitis and better symptom control; and agents that decrease transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs), thereby reducing distal acid exposure and weakly acidic refluxate. A number of new pharmaceutical agents are currently undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of GERD. These include agents that reduce TLESRs, serotonergic agents/ prokinetics, long-acting PPIs, mucosal protectants, and antigastrin agents. One or more of these agents may be the future of GERD therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 2","pages":"117-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27547434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new one-two punch against traveller's diarrhea: azithromycin plus loperamide. 一种新的组合拳对付旅行者腹泻:阿奇霉素加洛哌丁胺。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Edward C Oldfield
{"title":"A new one-two punch against traveller's diarrhea: azithromycin plus loperamide.","authors":"Edward C Oldfield","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 2","pages":"155-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27547435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Small bowel enteroscopy. 小肠镜检查。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Bennie R Upchurch, John J Vargo
{"title":"Small bowel enteroscopy.","authors":"Bennie R Upchurch,&nbsp;John J Vargo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the examination of the small bowel in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding, endoscopic tools to perform deep enteroscopy have become essential. Double balloon enteroscopy has gained worldwide acceptance as an endoscopic technique that can be used safely and effectively to provide complete examination of the small bowel, offer therapeutic intervention, and favorably affect clinical outcomes. Single balloon enteroscopy seems to have utility similar to that of the double balloon system. Preliminary experience with a novel overtube device using either the single or double balloon enteroscope has suggested that this may be a very viable approach to deep enteroscopy. Collectively, these are remarkable innovations that allow access to portions of the small bowel that were previously only available by intraoperative enteroscopy or laparotomy. On the basis of the available data, each of these procedures seems to have unique merits, is generally safe and well tolerated, and is highly likely to be clinically beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 3","pages":"169-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37435140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity. 胃食管反流病和肥胖。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Girish Anand, Philip O Katz
{"title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity.","authors":"Girish Anand,&nbsp;Philip O Katz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the balance of epidemiologic data supports a relationship between obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), it is difficult to establish true cause and effect. However, results of several studies show that the frequency and severity of GERD symptoms and complications may be higher in obese patients, including an increase in the presence of hiatal hernia. Additionally, findings of a recent meta-analysis demonstrate a statistically significant increase in the risk for GERD symptoms, erosive esophagitis, and esophageal adenocarcinoma in obese patients. No definitive study is available, however, to suggest deviating from standard GERD screening or treatment guidelines for the obese patient. Physicians should approach obese patients with GERD as they do those with reflux disease and ideal body weight. The recommendation of weight loss for the obese patient with GERD is reasonable to improve GERD physiology and symptoms. Lifestyle modifications and medical therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) once daily before breakfast for 4 to 8 weeks should be initiated. Antireflux surgery is always an option for patients with GERD who have a symptomatic response to PPIs. Prospective studies directed at the obese patient are needed to determine if different approaches are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 4","pages":"233-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27920996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Helicobacter pylori treatment: is sequential or quadruple therapy the answer? 幽门螺杆菌治疗:是顺序治疗还是四联治疗?
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Nimish Vakil
{"title":"Helicobacter pylori treatment: is sequential or quadruple therapy the answer?","authors":"Nimish Vakil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clarithromycin resistance is a growing problem in many countries. Eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori have declined to unacceptable levels in recent years, in large measure because of clarithromycin resistance. Two treatment strategies (quadruple therapy and sequential therapy) are emerging as alternatives to triple therapy for the initial treatment of patients infected with H. pylori. Evidence shows that both quadruple therapy and sequential therapy are superior to triple therapy in patients with resistant strains of H. pylori. Studies that compare sequential and quadruple therapy are necessary and are awaited.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 2","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27547430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in endoscopic imaging: narrow band imaging. 内窥镜成像的进展:窄带成像。
Reviews in gastroenterological disorders Pub Date : 2008-01-01
Andrew J Overhiser, Prateek Sharma
{"title":"Advances in endoscopic imaging: narrow band imaging.","authors":"Andrew J Overhiser,&nbsp;Prateek Sharma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Technological advances in endoscopic imaging are constantly being evaluated in clinical research, and encouraging results are being seen. Studies on practical applications of these new technologies are ongoing in conditions as diverse as gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus, colonic polyps, and dysplasia in ulcerative colitis. This review discusses the recent advances in endoscopic imaging that appear to be on the verge of widespread and routine usage. It is evident that high-resolution and high-definition white light endoscopy should be used when available, and is considered the new \"gold standard\" in endoscopic imaging. There is much optimism and ongoing research surrounding the use of narrow band imaging as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":21173,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in gastroenterological disorders","volume":"8 3","pages":"186-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37435142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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