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Reviews in neurological diseases最新文献

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Swallowing and dysphagia in neurological disorders. 神经性疾病的吞咽和吞咽困难。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Sandeep Kumar
{"title":"Swallowing and dysphagia in neurological disorders.","authors":"Sandeep Kumar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurologists are often confronted with swallowing disorders in routine practice. Swallowing impairments carry serious health consequences if they are overlooked or inappropriately managed. Swallowing problems usually develop in patients with established neurological conditions, although on occasion they may be a presenting symptom of a neurological disorder. Prompt recognition of dysphagia and early diagnosis can often be accomplished through a systematic clinical history and examination. This article reviews the physiology and neuroanatomy of normal swallowing and discusses pertinent clinical approaches toward evaluating a patient with neurogenical dysphagia. Important neurological conditions causing dysphagia are also discussed in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Repurposing an old drug to improve the use and safety of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: minocycline. 二甲胺四环素:一种旧药物的再利用，以提高急性缺血性卒中组织纤溶酶原激活剂的使用和安全性。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.3909/RIND7S1S0002
D. Hess, S. Fagan
{"title":"Repurposing an old drug to improve the use and safety of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: minocycline.","authors":"D. Hess, S. Fagan","doi":"10.3909/RIND7S1S0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3909/RIND7S1S0002","url":null,"abstract":"There is only 1 US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for acute ischemic stroke: tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Due to a short time window and fear of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), tPA remains underutilized. There is great interest in developing combination drugs to use with tPA to improve the odds of a favorable recovery and to reduce the risk of ICH. Minocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has been found to be a neuroprotective agent in preclinical ischemic stroke models. Minocycline inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9, a biomarker for ICH associated with tPA use. Minocycline is also an anti-inflammatory agent and inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Minocycline has been safe and well tolerated in the clinical trials conducted to date.","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"31 1","pages":"S7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85486385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Neurologic complications of bariatric surgery. 减肥手术的神经并发症。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Fang Ba, Zaeem A Siddiqi
{"title":"Neurologic complications of bariatric surgery.","authors":"Fang Ba,&nbsp;Zaeem A Siddiqi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid rise in the number of bariatric surgeries performed for morbid obesity, several short- and long-term neurologic complications of this procedure have been identified. These complications affect various levels of the neuraxis, and most are likely secondary to deficiency of essential minerals and vitamins. We report on 3 patients who developed unusual and severe neurologic deficits after undergoing bariatric surgery, including Wernicke encephalopathy, acute and rapidly progressive polyneuropathy, myelopathy, and visual deficits. Two developed clinical features of Parkinsonism, a complication not previously reported in this patient population. None of our patients had attended a nutrition clinic postoperatively. All 3 had a rapid weight loss and intractable vomiting preceding the development of neurologic symptoms, and all were found to have significant vitamin deficiencies. Replacement of vitamins resulted in a slow and variable degree of neurologic recovery. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery should have close monitoring of their nutritional status postoperatively. Routine supplementation of vitamins and minerals may be a cost-effective strategy for preventing neurologic complications in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 4","pages":"119-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29576035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A case of progressive ataxia followed by cognitive and behavioral changes. 进行性共济失调伴认知和行为改变1例。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.3909/RIND0241A
Najib Murr, D. Murman, D. Madhavan
{"title":"A case of progressive ataxia followed by cognitive and behavioral changes.","authors":"Najib Murr, D. Murman, D. Madhavan","doi":"10.3909/RIND0241A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3909/RIND0241A","url":null,"abstract":"The patient is a 60-year-old man who initially presented to his local hospital with complaints of gait difficulties that started suddenly after waking. Results of brain magnetic resonance imaging performed 1 week later were normal. Three weeks after that he developed blurred vision and he complained of a severe headache in the posterior head and neck regions at the onset of symptoms, which necessitated several visits to his local emergency room. The patient presented to our institution 1 month later, with progressive gait difficulty and truncal instability over a 2-week period.","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"34-6; discussion 43-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88327681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Old drugs, new tricks: update on stroke therapeutics. 旧药物，新技巧:中风治疗的最新进展。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Susan C Fagan
{"title":"Old drugs, new tricks: update on stroke therapeutics.","authors":"Susan C Fagan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S1-2; quiz S23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New oral anticoagulants in development: potential for improved safety profiles. 新的口服抗凝剂正在开发:改善安全性的潜力。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Kenneth A Bauer
{"title":"New oral anticoagulants in development: potential for improved safety profiles.","authors":"Kenneth A Bauer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous thromboembolism is the most frequent preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients. Currently available anticoagulants have limitations that restrict their widespread use, particularly in long-term indications. Vitamin K antagonists require frequent monitoring and dose adjustment, and have a narrow therapeutic window with the risk of bleeding. The low-molecular-weight heparins have more predictable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and coagulation monitoring is not required. However, their subcutaneous administration limits their suitability for long-term use. Consequently, many patients fail to receive effective preventive therapy. Rivaroxaban, apixaban, and dabigatran are new anticoagulants in late-stage clinical development that inhibit a single, specific coagulation factor, unlike the Vitamin K antagonists and low-molecular-weight heparins. Studies suggest that they provide effective, predictable anticoagulation with a low bleeding risk and will potentially offer an improved clinical profile and wider safety margin compared with currently available therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improvement of cutaneous sensitivity in diabetic peripheral neuropathy with combination L-methylfolate, methylcobalamin, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. l -甲基叶酸、甲基钴胺素和吡哆醛5'-磷酸联合治疗对糖尿病周围神经病变皮肤敏感性的改善
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Mackie J Walker, Lauren M Morris, Dunlei Cheng
{"title":"Improvement of cutaneous sensitivity in diabetic peripheral neuropathy with combination L-methylfolate, methylcobalamin, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.","authors":"Mackie J Walker,&nbsp;Lauren M Morris,&nbsp;Dunlei Cheng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of monotherapy with L-methylfolate, methylcobalamin, or pyridoxal 5'-phosphate suggest that these B vitamins may reverse both the symptoms and the pathophysiology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The efficacy of oral-combination L-methylfolate, 3 mg; methylcobalamin, 2 mg; and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, 35 mg (LMF-MC-PP) in restoring cutaneous sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes with DPN was evaluated in 20 type 2 diabetic patients who were given LMF-MC-PP twice daily for 4 weeks and then once daily for an additional 48 weeks. Statistically significant improvement in 1-point (tactile) and 2-point (discriminatory) static testing at the right and left great toe and heel in the patients was observed in all 3 follow-up periods: 1) baseline to 6 months, 2) baseline to 1 year, and 3) 6 months to 1 year. The greatest improvement occurred between baseline and 1 year of treatment. Treatment with oral LMF-MC-PP appears to promote restoration of lost cutaneous sensation in DPN.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 4","pages":"132-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29575409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drug repurposing for drug development in stroke. 中风药物开发的药物再利用。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Susan C Fagan
{"title":"Drug repurposing for drug development in stroke.","authors":"Susan C Fagan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of new treatments for acute stroke has been fraught with costly and spectacularly disappointing failures. Repurposing of safe, older drugs provides a lower risk alternative. Vascular protection with candesartan is one such approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Repurposing an old drug to improve the use and safety of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: minocycline. 二甲胺四环素:一种旧药物的再利用，以提高急性缺血性卒中组织纤溶酶原激活剂的使用和安全性。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
David C Hess, Susan C Fagan
{"title":"Repurposing an old drug to improve the use and safety of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: minocycline.","authors":"David C Hess,&nbsp;Susan C Fagan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is only 1 US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for acute ischemic stroke: tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Due to a short time window and fear of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), tPA remains underutilized. There is great interest in developing combination drugs to use with tPA to improve the odds of a favorable recovery and to reduce the risk of ICH. Minocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has been found to be a neuroprotective agent in preclinical ischemic stroke models. Minocycline inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9, a biomarker for ICH associated with tPA use. Minocycline is also an anti-inflammatory agent and inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Minocycline has been safe and well tolerated in the clinical trials conducted to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4730954/pdf/nihms744912.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A child with progressive dystonia, dysarthria, and spasticity. 患有进行性肌张力障碍、构音障碍和痉挛的儿童。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Lauren E Schrock, Jill L Ostrem
{"title":"A child with progressive dystonia, dysarthria, and spasticity.","authors":"Lauren E Schrock,&nbsp;Jill L Ostrem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children presenting with progressive neurologic symptoms including dystonia, dysarthria, and spasticity can represent a diagnostic challenge. Here we describe the case of a 14-year-old boy who presented to our center with an 11-year history of gradual worsening neurologic symptoms. Diagnostic strategies focus on the use of neuroimaging and genetic testing to help establish the underlying diagnosis. Therapeutic options are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"7 1","pages":"32-3; discussion 39-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28938116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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