{"title":"The European Commission as Political Entrepreneur – The Europe 2020 Strategy","authors":"Daniel Silander","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the European Commission Communication Europe 2020, which was a direct result of the global economic crisis that began in 2007-2008. The focus is to explore how the Commission gained an extended role as political entrepreneur by launching the Europe 2020 Strategy and turning crisis into a window of opportunity. Europe 2020 was a Commission initiative to deal with the crisis by promoting smart, sustainable and socially inclusive development beyond the narrow scope of economic growth. The Commission addressed the economic crisis as an existential threat to European economy, but also to wealth, health integration and stability. It is argued that the crisis management of the Commission, was, in times of weakened member-state capacities, a result of political entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban Cultural Heritage in the Digital Space","authors":"Iwona Kiniorska, Patryk Brambert, Urszula Tłuczkiewicz","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify ways of digitalising specific cultural heritage sites in the space of six selected Polish cities: Białystok, Bydgoszcz, Gdynia, Kielce, Olsztyn and Rzeszów. The data used in the analysis came from four types of online sources. Firstly, these were the official websites of the 18 sites under study, existing in the 2022. Another source of information was the tourist review portal Tripadvisor. In addition, information from popular promotional platforms and social networks was taken into account. The study used techniques applied for existing materials analysis, as well as the following methods: analytical, descriptive, internet query, statistical and graphical. An own zero-one rating system was applied, assigned to six categories of assessment of the digitalisation level of the sites. Among the analysed cities, the best results as to the level of digitalisation were obtained by the facilities located in Kielce, Rzeszów and Bydgoszcz, respectively.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial and social aspects of the impact of Pol’and’Rock Festival and Jarocin Festival in Poland","authors":"Kamila Zmudzińska, Roman Matykowski","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Among the popular music festivals operating in Poland in the last forty years, two of them played a special role, especially for their young recipients of amplified music. The first of them was the Rock Festival in Jarocin (it had different names) functioning in the years 1980–1994, so still in the period of communist authorities. Reactivated in 2005, it recently operates under the name Jarocin Festival and uses the legend of the event from the 1980s. In the new socio-political conditions, the second important event, the Pol’and’Rock Festival (called Woodstock Station in 1995–2017), began to function in 1995, which in the late 1990s exceeded 100,000 participants and became the largest popular music event in Poland. The aim of the study is to characterise the impact of these two important popular music festivals in Poland at the turn of the second and third decade of the 21st century in the spatial and socio-cultural dimensions on the community of its participants. Referring to the traditional chorological paradigm of human geography, an analysis of the differentiation of the territorial impact of festivals was made, and using patterns immersed in social geography-oriented music research, factors motivating to participate in festivals were determined.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource Provision in the Field of Social Assistance in the Conditions of New Social Risks","authors":"Valentyna Kostina","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to identify the main ways to provide social assistance to restore the resource potential of victims of emergencies (military conflicts, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, etc.), as well as to highlight the features of training future specialists in the social sphere to deal with new social risks. The study used methods of scientific analysis and generalization, as well as comparing the experience of domestic and foreign researchers and social practitioners who worked with vulnerable contingents in overcoming the consequences of emergencies. The focus is on generalizing the results of the experience of training future specialists in the social sphere to work within an environment of new social risks. Based on the conducted research, it was concluded that for the professional activity of social sector specialists in resource provision in the conditions of new social risks, it is important to direct social assistance to restore the physical, mental and social health of people at all six levels of health, taking into account the peculiarities of their age, social status, as well as ethnic features and the context of the social problem. The main directions of relevant social work with victims of emergency situations have been defined: work on strengthening the family’s potential, establishment of useful social connections in a new environment, the use of art therapy practices to normalize the psychosomatic state of clients, the use of ethnocultural means to increase the possibilities of social adaptation in new conditions. Very important in the preparation of future specialists for the relevant work is the practice-oriented training on the basis of specialized social institutions working with victims in emergency situations, as well as mastering special techniques of self-development and professional self-improvement to increase one’s own resource potential.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Economic Development Level on the Spatial Diffusion Characteristics of Western Food Brands","authors":"Hanwen Mi","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses KFC as a representative brand of Western fast food to reflect the consumption ability of food, and Starbucks as a representative brand of the beverage industry to reflect the consumption ability of beverage, defines an S/K formula, compares the data with the level of regional economic development in order to present a certain correlation, and explores the spatial distribution characteristics of KFC and Starbucks, the influence of cultural institutions and economic influences on spatial selection. The study found that the ratio of the number of Starbucks stores to the number of KFC stores showed a positive relationship with the level of economic development (i.e., GDP and GDP per capita). The study not only empirically complements the current research on the spatial expansion of multinational retail firms but also provides validation for the theory of the spatial expansion of firms. At the same time, the study can provide some reference for site selection for other brands in similar fields entering the market.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in Transport Service for the Kartuzy Poviat in Poland in the Years 1990–2023","authors":"Szymon Jaskulski, Marcin Połom, Sandra Żukowska","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"In many areas of Poland, areas of transport exclusion related to the lack of public transport service or insufficient offer are identified. After 1989, when Poland underwent political transformation and consequent economic transformation, funding for bus and rail transport collapsed. While rail transport experienced a significant regression in connections, regional bus transport can be said to have been completely eliminated. On the map of the whole of Poland, Kartuzy poviat is an exception, where the role of the carrier has been taken over by a private company which offers transport services at a level corresponding to demand, thus positively influencing the transport habits of the inhabitants. The article examines the change in the offer in bus and rail transport in Kartuzy poviat in the years 1990-2023 and shows that the private bus carrier performs tasks that should de facto rest with the state authorities.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Multiculturalism of a Traditional Economic Region – the Example of the Katowice Conurbation (Poland)","authors":"J. Runge, Anna Runge","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"The Katowice conurbation took shape from the end of the 18th century in the borderlands of two states, Poland and Germany. In this sense, it was an area on both their peripheries. Permanent and dynamic interactions between different national-ethnic groups resulted in cultural intermingling. From the middle of the twentieth century, this complex settlement system was already at the centre of socio-economic development on a supra-regional scale. As a result of multidirectional migration, influenced by intensive industrialisation, social relations evolved between the migrants and the local (indigenous) population, as well as between the migrants themselves. The aim of this paper is to analyse the early multicultural nature of selected cities in the Katowice conurbation against a methodological and terminological background and to indicate the extent to which this feature might be an asset in present day socio-economic transformations in this area. The temporal and spatial overlapping of various origins of socio-cultural links and relations leads the authors to formulate the concepts of cultural genotype and primary and secondary cultural genotype, and to exemplify the formation of cultural genotypes in the Katowice conurbation.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130762873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technological Transition to Electric Aviation in the Kvarken Region: A Review of the FAIR Reports (Finding Innovations to Accelerate the Implementation of Electric Regional Aviation)","authors":"","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Accelerating technological transitions (TT) from carbon-based aviation to Electric Regional Aviation (ERA) is contingent on increased awareness and innovative ideas. Finding innovations to Accelerate the Implementation of Electric Regional Aviation (FAIR) aims to facilitate TT to electric aviation in the Kvarken-Nordland region of Finland, Sweden, and Norway. This paper reviewed 13 reports used in the FAIR project. These reports suggest that TT will provide many socioeconomic and environmental benefits. These include increased connectivity to new areas with zero operational carbon footprints, reduced cost, and travel time. However, most of the investigations in the FAIR reports focused on economic and technical aspects. Studies suggest that TT is also contingent on human factors such as public engagement and participation. Therefore, this paper notes that it is imperative to increase the knowledge of ERA among young people in higher educational institutions in the region, particularly given that they constitute an integral part of the aviation market. In addition, although the three universities participating in the FAIR project have energy-related studies, which are essential in advancing knowledge on TT, they lack aviation-specific courses. This paper proposes that, in their next agenda, regional actors could advocate for the introduction of a multidisciplinary aviation-centred course into the university curriculum. The idea is that such inclusion not only will increase the knowledge of ERA and the chances for accelerated innovative ideas in the implementation process but could also motivate and spur increased engagement in climate actions among young people.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130564208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TSMC: A PEST Analysis of Semiconductor Market","authors":"","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of the pandemic and the outbreak of individuality in inter-state politics, semiconductors, products that have become widely used by high-tech companies, have led to an increase in worldwide demand. But growing nationalism has led nations not to cooperate on the successful joint and equitable growth of these innovative technologies. This research analyses through a PEST analysis the political, economic, social and technological consequence of these choices for the largest semiconductor company, TSMC. The results show how, to date, the international chessboard poses four choices facing TSMC’s future, each based on how nations will approach future collaborative choices.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133460907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Status of Women in the Soviet Union","authors":"Eka Darbaidze, Tamila Niparishvili","doi":"10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries, many women have been at the forefront of the struggle for emancipation and political changes. Efforts at integrating the idea of emancipation into society was an important part of the Bolshevik ideology; thus, the October Revolution of 1917 brought women new hope and new expectations. The Soviet Union was the first country in the world to successfully open the door to new economic and educational opportunities for women. In 1917, the Bolshevik legislative initiatives provided them with full political and civil rights while new legislation made women legally equal to men. The constitution adopted in July 1918 secured the political and civil equality of women and men. However, the gender policy developed and implemented by Lenin significantly changed after his death. Until the second half of the 1930s, the Soviet Union remained the world leader in terms of providing women with equal rights. However, after the new leader of the Soviet Union, Stalin, came to power, the government policy on women and equality substantially transformed. During Stalin’s rule, the concept of “a new type of woman” was created. The early Bolshevik policy, which started with a radical liberal vision of individual freedom and women’s rights, devolved into an abyss of cynicism that burdened women with a disproportionate responsibility for unpaid work in the household. The purpose of this work is to study the role of women during the early Soviet period and to examine legal and political changes in women’s status. The study aims at explaining what the main goal of the Soviet gender policy was in fact, whether it actually changed the status of women and what crucial changes it ultimately brought to them. Using the method of content analysis, the content of official documents, press and scientific literature was analyzed. At the same time, attempts were made to identify and analyze the positive and negative results of the Soviet policy by applying the method of critical research.","PeriodicalId":211246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geography, Politics and Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128623720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}