Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of postoperative pain following foraminal enlargement in asymptomatic necrotic teeth undergoing root canal treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Sabeti, Seyed Mohammadreza Masoumi, Rachel Li, Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The apical third is crucial for endodontic success, and while foraminal enlargement (FE) may enhance canal debridement, its effect on postoperative pain remains uncertain. This review aimed to determine whether FE during single-visit nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) of asymptomatic necrotic permanent teeth leads to increased postoperative pain compared with non-FE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420250652786). MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central were searched to May 20, 2025, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing single-visit NSRCT with and without FE. Risk of bias was evaluated with RoB 2, and meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs involving 426 teeth were included. The overall pooled analysis demonstrated significantly greater postoperative pain in the FE group (standardized mean difference, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-1.80; p = 0.01). The certainty of the evidence was low, primarily because of considerable inconsistency. Subgroup analyses showed statistically significant differences at 12 and 72 hours. Overall heterogeneity was substantial (I² = 92.3%) but decreased after exclusion of two influential studies without changing the direction of the pooled effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FE is associated with a significant, though transient, increase in postoperative pain during the first week following NSRCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing post-space drying: insights from an in vitro study using standardized three-dimensional-printed models.","authors":"Takanori Sakai, Hideshi Sekine, Syuntaro Nomoto, Mamoru Yotsuya, Esha Mukherjee, Hidehiko Watanabe","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of four post-space drying methods using standardized three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin tooth specimens, with emphasis on clinical implications for adhesive post retention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Maxillary central incisor models with post spaces of three diameters (1.4, 1.7, 2.0 mm) and three lengths (6.0, 9.0, 12.0 mm) were digitally designed and 3D-printed. A total of 81 specimens (n = 9 per post-space condition) were evaluated. Four drying methods were tested: air-syringe (AS), post-air-blow (PAB), paper-point (PP), and root-canal suction (RCS). Remaining moisture amount and content were quantified gravimetrically and analyzed using two-way and oneway analysis of variance with Tukey honestly significant difference (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Drying performance depended on both geometry and technique. AS consistently left greater remaining moisture, whereas PP and RCS showed stable, efficient drying. PAB was generally effective but technique-sensitive in long, narrow geometries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Standardized 3D-printed models enabled reproducible evaluation of post-space drying and revealed clinically relevant limitations of commonly used methods. Selecting drying protocols tailored to post-space geometry may reduce residual moisture prior to adhesive cementing.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of osteoporosis on tissue repair promoted by different dental materials: an in vivo study in a rat model.","authors":"Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Antônio Carlos Medina Junior, Mariza Akemi Matsumoto, Roberta Okamoto, João Pedro Gasparin Tadano, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic disorder, and its impact on the biological response to dental materials is not fully understood. This study evaluated whether osteoporosis affects tissue repair promoted by MTA-Angelus (MTA) and an epoxy resin-based sealer containing calcium hydroxide (ER-Ca) after implantation in rat dental sockets. The null hypothesis was that osteoporosis would not impair alveolar tissue repair or bone formation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-two female rats were assigned to ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM) groups (n = 36). After osteoporosis confirmation, right upper incisors were extracted, and polyethylene tubes containing MTA, ER-Ca, or left empty (control) were implanted in the sockets for 30 and 60 days (n = 6/group). Histology quantified inflammatory cells (ICs), fibroblasts (FBs), capsule thickness, and bone formation. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 30 days, the material groups showed high IC counts (50-75 and >75 cells/field), whereas the control groups exhibited lower inflammatory scores. By 60 days, ICs decreased, FB counts increased (25-50 and 50-75 cells/field), and connective tissue thickness reduced. The OVX groups exhibited higher IC counts than SHAM at both time points (p < 0.05). MTA and ER-Ca showed comparable repair patterns. Bone formation occurred in SHAM groups treated with MTA and ER-Ca at 30 days (62.3 and 63.4 μm), and in all treated groups at 60 days, except controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Osteoporosis delays inflammation resolution and new bone formation during alveolar healing. However, MTA and ER-Ca demonstrate favorable biocompatibility, supporting their clinical use in osteoporotic conditions. Further research should focus on optimizing materials and adjuvant therapies to enhance bone regeneration under compromised conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of tip diameter of different gutta-percha cones according to ISO 6877 measurement method and direct measurement method: an in vitro study.","authors":"Rémy Balthazard, Renaud Giess, Loïs Martrette, Jean-Marc Martrette, Marin Vincent, Éric Mortier","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Accurate fitting of the gutta-percha master cone is essential to ensure apical sealing and the success of endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dimensional variability of gutta-percha cones by assessing the conformity of their apical tip diameter to manufacturer-specified values, and to compare tip diameter (D0) determination according to ISO 6877 with a direct measurement method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten size 25/.06 and ten size 30/.04 gutta-percha cones from ten commercial brands were evaluated. The apical tip diameter was determined according to the ISO 6877 measurement protocol and compared with a direct measurement obtained using a profilometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A substantial number of gutta-percha cones exhibited apical tip diameters that did not correspond to manufacturer-declared values. ISO 6877-based determination of D0 yielded heterogeneous results, likely due to morphological irregularities and taper variations. In contrast, direct measurement provided more homogeneous values that were generally closer to the nominal diameter. Cones manufactured using an injection molding process demonstrated the highest dimensional consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the need to revise the dimensional tolerances defined by ISO standard 6877. The adoption of more precise manufacturing and quality-control processes, together with the use of direct measurement as a complementary assessment tool, may improve the reliability of the nominal dimensions of gutta-percha cones.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical considerations and methods for determining sample size to estimate a population mean: a narrative review.","authors":"Mohamad Adam Bujang","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sample size determination plays a crucial role in ensuring the validity and precision of research findings. This paper reviews the concept, rationale, and application of the sample size formula for estimating the mean of a population. It outlines the theoretical foundation, practical calculation steps, and appropriate contexts for its use in descriptive and estimation-based studies. This formula is often overlooked, as many researchers focus primarily on hypothesis testing frameworks rather than estimation approaches. Although it is a classical method, it remains highly relevant and essential in contemporary research. Therefore, this paper highlights the importance of this formula across various research settings and provides detailed guidance on how to compute the required sample size accurately. By doing so, it aims to support proper sample size planning, strengthen research design validity, and ultimately enhance the quality and credibility of scientific investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of periapical abscesses in psoriasis patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ilan Rotstein, Joseph Katz, Simone Grandini, Giulia Malvicini, Franklin Garcia-Godoy","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was performed to assess the prevalence of acute periapical abscesses (PAs) in patients with psoriasis and to determine whether this relationship remains after adjusting for related systemic, behavioral, and treatment-related confounders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective hospital-based analysis of 2,108,676 patients was conducted using de-identified clinical data. Diagnoses of psoriasis and acute PA without sinus involvement were identified using standardized coding. The association between psoriasis and acute PAs was assessed using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to adjust for diabetes, nicotine dependence, alcohol related disorders, and biologic therapy use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 16,084 patients with psoriasis, 224 were diagnosed with acute PAs. Psoriasis was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of acute PAs than in the overall hospital population (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.94-2.53; p < 0.0001). This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for diabetes (OR, 1.40), nicotine dependence (OR, 1.31), alcohol related disorders (OR, 1.89), and biologic therapy use (OR, 1.77). Female patients and white patients with psoriasis exhibited a higher prevalence of acute PAs compared with other demographic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psoriasis is independently associated with an increased risk of acute PAs, even after accounting for common medical and behavioral risk factors. Greater awareness among clinicians and closer collaboration between dermatology and oral healthcare providers can facilitate earlier diagnosis and preventive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-5 in evaluating root canal treatment and periapical pathosis on periapical radiographs.","authors":"Waleed Almutairi, Mujahid Alnasser, Hanan Alharbi, Obadah Austah","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e29","DOIUrl":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots such as ChatGPT-5 (OpenAI) are increasingly used for dental radiograph interpretation, especially among patients seeking self-assessment. However, their diagnostic accuracy in endodontics remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional STARD-AI-compliant study analyzed 271 anonymized periapical radiographs of endodontically treated posterior teeth, classified as straightforward (n = 167) or complex (n = 104), using standardized ChatGPT-5 prompts. Diagnostic criteria included obturation length (short, adequate, long), presence of voids, and periapical pathosis. Results were compared to those of a panel of general dentists and a reference standard from endodontic specialists. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated using the McNemar test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-5 demonstrated high specificity (up to 99.3%) for normal or adequately treated findings but low sensitivity for short (13.7%) or long (0.0%) obturations, voids (9.0%-22.7%), and periapical lesions (10.5%-28.6%). Overall accuracy (54.0%-63.2%) was significantly lower than that of general dentists (76.0%-85.6%) (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although ChatGPT-5 achieved high specificity, its low sensitivity and overall accuracy limit diagnostic reliability. Expert clinician oversight remains essential for accurate interpretation and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction of \"Discoloration of teeth due to different intracanal medicaments\" published in Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics.","authors":"","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e38","DOIUrl":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":"51 3","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial leakage and marginal adaptation of alkasite restorative material in Class II cavities: an in vitro study.","authors":"Kah Hup Chew, Norhayati Yusop, Kasmawati Mokhtar, Hafizah Ibrahim","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e31","DOIUrl":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the relationship between the interfacial properties of proximal cavities (microbial leakage and marginal adaptation) and restorative materials (alkasite, resin composite, and glass hybrid).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 66 human third molars that were left intact. Standardized Class II cavities were done on the mesial surface. The samples were then divided into five groups: (i) Cention N (CN, Ivoclar Vivadent), (ii) Filtek Z350XT (FZ, 3M ESPE), (iii) EQUIA Forte (GC Corporation), and (iv) two controls. For 40 days, a dual-chamber model containing Streptococcus mutans was used to study microbial leakage. Qualitative assessments of the sectioned samples were also carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, this study employed descriptive and Kaplan-Meier analyses, alongside a one-way analysis of variance for additional descriptive comparisons (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across different restorative materials, notable variations in microbial leakage were recorded. From the supplementary analysis between CN and FZ, a statistically significant difference was demonstrated (p = 0.037). In comparison to other restorative systems, CN also produced a prolonged mean time before microbial leakage occurred. For the interfacial properties of the restorative systems, illustrative information was offered via the SEM images.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regarding microbial leakage, all restorative systems presented their occurrence (despite the constraints of this study). When assessing CN and FZ restorative systems, a slower rate of microbial leakage was also concluded for CN. For the tooth-restoration interface, qualitative data were verified through SEM observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of various adhesive applicators on the bond strength to dentin: an in vitro experimental study.","authors":"Ahmed Alshawi, Benin Dikmen, Fadimeana Lal, Sevda Ozel Yildiz, Ugur Erdemir","doi":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e30","DOIUrl":"10.5395/rde.2026.51.e30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of various adhesive applicators on the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of flowable resin composite to dentin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two extracted molars were prepared as disks and divided into two groups. In the first group, GLUMA Bond Universal (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH) was applied to the tooth surface for 20 seconds using a bristle brush, while in the second group, the same adhesive was applied by the same operator using a microbrush. Photopolymerization was performed for 10 seconds using a Valo light-curing unit (Ultradent Products Inc.). Microcylindrical silicone tubes (2 mm long, 0.8 mm inner diameter) were used as molds on the bonded dentin surfaces, and Charisma Bulk Flow ONE resin composite (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH) was injected and cured for 20 seconds. Both groups underwent a µSBS test, and the failure modes were examined microscopically. Student t-test compared the failure stress between the groups (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bristle brush group had the highest mean stress at failure (49.09 ± 8.76 MPa) compared to the microbrush group (37.20 ± 6.77 MPa), which also had the highest percentage of adhesive failure (95.24%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The choice of adhesive applicator plays a significant role in determining the µSBS of flowable resin composite to dentin. It is advisable to use a bristle brush applicator when applying adhesive.</p>","PeriodicalId":21102,"journal":{"name":"Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics","volume":" ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}