Research and Development in Medical Education最新文献

{"title":"Problem-solving with clinical reasoning: A case report of coronavirus in immunosuppressive condition","authors":"Mahshad Mousavi, Nazanin Mousavi, B. Abdolkarimi","doi":"10.34172/rdme.2021.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2021.022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most interesting parts of medical science is using clinical reasoning to solve clinical problems. In today’s world of medicine, with increasing amounts of scientific information and new diagnostic and treatment facilities, physicians’ responsibility in managing the condition of patients becomes weightier. Making the correct decision is an important goal that can be achieved by having adequate information and using it appropriately. At this stage, we should follow the thought process of successful doctors and use information from books and articles to solve clinical problems. The purpose of this article is to improve the skills of physicians in the effective use of knowledge and experience to solve clinical problems to increase our success in fulfilling our responsibility to patients. Methods: Clinical reasoning enhances the quality of learning and increases the ability of medical students in clinical problem-solving. In this article, a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in the COVID-19 pandemic developed respiratory distress, is identified by the clinical reasoning method and is treated, with his treatment then discussed. This article includes the following: prepare a list of differential diagnoses based on the list of signs and symptoms of the patient; modify the initial list to reflect findings from history and examinations; specify additional information to make a correct diagnosis; and, finally, decide when the information is obtained is sufficient to make the proper diagnosis. Results: In recent years, clinical reasoning has received more attention in student Olympiad competitions. Professors in medical sciences should pay special attention to teaching this skill to students. It is necessary to plan for teaching this type of training and to design tests for evaluating students’ clinical reasoning. This article can thus be a useful guide for those who enjoy working on a problem to get an answer. Conclusion: This article shows how insidious and life-threatening a coronavirus infection can be, and how useful clinical reasoning can be when present in all stages of dealing with the patient, from the initial stages of taking the patient history to the end of treatment.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43453347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a therapeutic model of personality biopsychological approach for personality difficulty: A new setting for psychiatric residents’ clinical education","authors":"A. Farnam, Bahareh Deljou","doi":"10.34172/rdme.2021.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2021.020","url":null,"abstract":"Subclinical personality difficulties are the source of many interpersonal problems, and it is necessary for psychiatry residents to gain a comprehensive knowledge of the concepts of personality and personality disorders, including subclinical disorders. Clinical education is one of the most important aspects of medical students’ training. Improving the quality of this course is of particular importance. The services provided at the Personality Modulation Clinic of Razi Educational and Medical Center in Tabriz have been designed based on available scientific evidence and experiences for individuals with personality difficulties. The current research evaluates the effects of a new treatment known as the \"Personality Biopsychological Approach\" for individuals with personality difficulty for the first time given the absence of such an integrated and coherent program in clinical education. There are five main phases of study design: assessing patients’ needs, assessing psychiatric residents’ needs, formulating educational goals, the design of treatment model, and implementation. The current study found that society’s mental health is a top priority for national growth and development. Therefore, training psychiatrists in this field plays a crucial role in ensuring both individuals’ and society’s health and well-being. This study indicates that psychiatry residents’ acquaintance with this issue can increase their ability in the correct diagnosis and intervention in preventing the exacerbation of psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49570119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of community medicine and public health curriculum at medical schools in Iran and North America","authors":"T. Changiz, M. Alizadeh","doi":"10.34172/rdme.2021.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2021.019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community medicine and public health are the core subjects in medical education. One of the main competencies of general physicians in the national curriculum is having knowledge and skills in health promotion and disease prevention in the health system. Any curriculum revision in community medicine departments needs to incorporate the evidence and use pioneer countries’ experiences in this issue. This study aims to compare community medicine and public health courses in medical schools between Iran and selected universities in North America. Methods: The elements of a community medicine curriculum for medical students were compared in a descriptive-comparative study using the Bereday model. These elements included objectives and competencies, educational strategies, teaching and learning methods, assessment, and educational fields in a community medicine curriculum in Iran and in selected universities in North America. A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBSCO, and on university websites. Results: Essential aspects of community-based strategies among community medicine and public health curriculum of general medicine in universities in Canada and the United States included a longitudinal approach, training in urban and rural primary care centers, teaching by family physicians and health center staff, a spiral curriculum, focus on social determinants of health, taking of social and cultural histories and social prescriptions, learning teamwork, and using LIC (Longitudinal Integrated Curriculum). Conclusion: The objective of community medicine and public health curriculum in selected North American universities was to prepare general practitioners who work in Level 2 and 3 hospitals and to improve their skills to provide high-quality services to the community. Some of the successful points in the selected universities that could be replicated in Iranian faculties of medicine included using integration strategy, a spiral curriculum, and an LIC approach.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43411881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empathy, quality of life and occupational burnout among medical students","authors":"Shoaleh Bigdeli, Seyed Kamran Soltani Arabshahi, Atefeh Zabihi Zazoly, A. Norouzi, Nahid Ahmadian Yazd, A. Hosseini","doi":"10.34172/rdme.2021.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2021.021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Empathy, quality of life, and occupational burnout are essential factors in medical sciences that affect the physicians’ and patients’ communication. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of these three factors among medical students. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted among medical internship students. Participants were selected by using simple random sampling. The Jefferson Empathy Questionnaire, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using t test, Kruskal-Wallis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 167 students completed the questionnaires. The association of empathy and occupational burnout (P=0.005, r=-0.414) and between the quality of life and occupational burnout (P=0.005, r=-0.446) were both significantly negative. Independent t test showed the mean score of occupational burnout was significantly higher in male students than females. It was also significantly higher in married students than single (P<0.05). The results of the KruskalWallis test showed no statistically significant difference among the quality of life of different ethnic groups (P>0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the ethnic groups in terms of occupational burnout (P<0.05) Conclusions: The association of empathy and quality of life with occupational burnout was negative. The highest quality of life was related to older students. Among all of the studied variables, married status, ethnicity, and sex were most associated with occupational burnout where married and male students had the highest burnout.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47630012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting to a new world through virtual medical education","authors":"S. Zaidi, Shifa Abbas","doi":"10.34172/rdme.2021.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/rdme.2021.018","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>non</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of pteridophyte catarium (herbarium catalog) media in plantae materials for X graders of SMA Islam Batu","authors":"Faqih Asshiddiqie, M. Amin, E. Purwanti, Atok Miftachul Hudha, A. Fauzi","doi":"10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18495","url":null,"abstract":": Plantae material is one of the materials that requires a direct observation process to determine the characteristics, morphology, metagenesis, and benefits for the environment, especially in Pteridophyte material. So far, students only use textbooks and students have not been invited to learn with contextual learning objects. Thus, media is needed to facilitate direct observation and identification of plants. The purpose of this research is to produce learning media Pteridophyte catarium (Catalog Herbarium). This type of research is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model. The results showed that the quality of the product according to media experts was very feasible with an assessment percentage of 77.08%, as well as according to material experts who said it was very feasible with a 95% rating percentage. The results of the teacher's response were 79.16% and the results of readability by students on a small and large scale respectively were 76.5% and 81.16%, indicating very decent quality. It was concluded that the product in the form of Pteridophyte catarium learning media was very suitable to be used as a teacher's learning media in plantae biology learning activities.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77058802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing learning supplement book of Cell Mitotic Division material for Junior High School students","authors":"Intan Putri Syawalinda, I. Hindun, D. Fatmawati","doi":"10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18494","url":null,"abstract":"Cell division is an abstract material for middle school students in which learning resources and supporting learning media are compulsory to use. This research and development aimed at developing learning supplement book of mitotic cell material for IX graders which eases them to identify cell division, particularly in mitotic phase. This study was developed based on ADDIE model which comprised of four stages (i.e. Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The validation test was conducted by teaching and learning material experts. The two stage tests were conducted in small and large trial groups. The qualitative and quantitative data gained were analyzed using percentage. The results showed that the percentage values were 86.2% (very feasible) for teaching material, 99.4% (very feasible) for learning material. The small-scale trial gained 87.8% (very feasible), meanwhile the large-scale test gained 88.3% (very feasible). In conclusion, the mitotic learning supplement book of cell division material for junior high school can be used as teaching material in classroom learning activities.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85740654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of monopoly mite game as a health promotion media to increase knowledge and understanding about house dust mites in student boarding house","authors":"Muhimatul Arifah, A. Rofieq, Y. Pantiwati","doi":"10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18492","url":null,"abstract":"Student’s knowledge of house dust mite (TDR) is still limited as well as the learning media used are uncomplicated. However, aside from learning outcome, knowledge of environmental health and hygiene are ignored. This study aims to produce health promotion media and analyze the effectiveness. This type of study was conducted by Research and Development (R&D) modified model by Borg & Gall. Data were collected from material expert, media expert, and extensive trial (experiments) that involving 30 students of Biology education department who have taken parasitology courses. As data analysis uses paired t-test (paired sample t-test). The result of the Mite Game Monopoly health media promotion products shows the validation of media experts and material experts are categorized very well with percentages of 97% and 89%. The result of data analysis obtained a value P < 0.05 which means there is a significant difference in the average value of pretest and posttest, it shows an increase of knowledge and understanding of TDR between before and after using the Mite Game Monopoly media.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80101290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of comics as a learning media on human digestive system topic","authors":"Febi Fitria Nuraini, Lise Chamisijatin, Eko Susetyarini, M. K. Budiyanto, D. Setyawan","doi":"10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18491","url":null,"abstract":"The human digestive system is a difficult subject for high school students. The purpose of this research was to develop comics as a learning media on the human digestive system topic. The development of comics used the Sugiyono model which consists of the stages of identifying potentials and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, product revision, usage testing, and product revision. The participants involved in the product trial were seventh grade students of SMP Diponegoro and SMP Raden Fatah in Batu City. The data collection instruments used were validation sheets and test sheets. The results of the validation from content and media experts inform that comics were included in the appropriate category. The average of students' posttest results were always greater than the pretest, both on small-scale and large-scale trials. Student responses to comics were also categorized as very positive. In conclusion, the comics developed are effective and feasible to use.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88757146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Textbook on additives and addictive substances with a scientific-based approach, a research and development","authors":"Siska Elis Mahmudah, I. Hindun, R. Latifa, H. Husamah, Dwi Setyawan","doi":"10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22219/RADEN.V1I1.18493","url":null,"abstract":"Improving learning activities requires teaching materials that can accommodate students' scientific skills. This study aims to produce textbooks for additives and addictive substances with a scientific approach and analyze their validity and effectiveness. This research and development used the Borg & Gall model which consists of 10 steps. Products are validated by media experts and material experts. The product trial used a limited test with 15 students of seventh grade in junior high school. The validation results show that the product is valid and very good. Meanwhile, the results of the trial of student responses to the use of the average value of 89.13% and learning outcomes increased by 87%. Thus, the textbooks developed are very suitable for use in the learning process.","PeriodicalId":21087,"journal":{"name":"Research and Development in Medical Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76023775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}