Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development最新文献_第6页

The politics of anti-poverty artefacts: lessons from the computerization of the food security system in Karnataka 反贫困人工制品的政治:来自卡纳塔克邦食品安全系统计算机化的教训

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2738011

S. Masiero, A. Prakash

{"title":"The politics of anti-poverty artefacts: lessons from the computerization of the food security system in Karnataka","authors":"S. Masiero, A. Prakash","doi":"10.1145/2737856.2738011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2737856.2738011","url":null,"abstract":"The last few years have seen a rapid increase in the discussion of the role of new technologies in strengthening social safety nets. However, the hypothesis that technology design is intertwined with political agendas - aiming at instilling specific visions and policy objectives in anti-poverty programmes - has remained to a large extent unexplored, being either taken as implicit or neglected by technical discourse. In this paper, we look at computerization of a large food security programme - the Public Distribution System in Karnataka, India - to argue that technology, far from simply affecting the functioning of existing processes, can be built to advance specific political agendas, which carry clear stances on the ways in which social welfare targets are to be reached. However, recipients' perception of these programmes depends highly on how technology affects access to their entitlements, which need therefore to be set at the core of anti-poverty technology design. The case study is used to draw lessons for policy, specifically aimed at countries embarking into computerization of their social safety nets.","PeriodicalId":210700,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126200746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Towards an architectural design of a guideline-driven EMR system: a contextual inquiry of Malawi 迈向指导方针驱动的电子病历系统的架构设计:马拉维的背景调查

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737899

Y. Msosa, Melissa Densmore, C. Keet

{"title":"Towards an architectural design of a guideline-driven EMR system: a contextual inquiry of Malawi","authors":"Y. Msosa, Melissa Densmore, C. Keet","doi":"10.1145/2737856.2737899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2737856.2737899","url":null,"abstract":"Computerised clinical practice guidelines are a key component of effective clinical decision support systems, especially in low-resource regions such as Malawi. To address shortages in staffing and budgets for training, the practice of task-shifting, the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) enable health workers with limited training to provide a standardised level of care. However, CPGs are tradition-ally paper-based, with only a few CPGs having been computerised for Malawi's national electronic health record system. These CPGs have been hard-coded into the system, necessitating significant additional work to add support for future and revised CPGs. We further investigate CPG computerisation challenges in order to understand the motivations for the current computerised CPGs implementation. We use semi-structured interviews, code reviews, and observations in Malawi. Most significantly, we extend existing understanding of software engineering principles to the context of low-resource environments, noting that the tensions between conflicting stakeholder requirements, deadline and deliverable expectations, and good software engineering often result in systems that are harder to maintain, further exacerbating potential problems with longevity of ICTD deployments. We further suggest that a component-based approach in conjunction with communities of open source developers might help alleviate this problem by providing more scalable and robust CPG support.","PeriodicalId":210700,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116968884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Social media fostering social good: a case of election monitoring in Nigeria 社交媒体促进社会公益:尼日利亚选举监督案例

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737902

Paul O. Lazarus, Tulika A. Saraf

引用次数: 3

Mobile phone price as a proxy for socio-economic indicators 手机价格作为社会经济指标的代表

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737892

Syed Fahad Sultasn, Hamza Humayun, Umar Nadeem, Z. Bhatti, Sohaib Khan

引用次数: 5

Women's inclusion in digital Bangladesh 女性融入数字孟加拉国

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737857

J. W. Genilo, Marium Akther, M. Haque

引用次数: 11

Building citizen engagement into the implementation of welfare schemes in rural India 让公民参与到印度农村福利计划的实施中

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2738027

D. Chakraborty, Aaditeshwar Seth

{"title":"Building citizen engagement into the implementation of welfare schemes in rural India","authors":"D. Chakraborty, Aaditeshwar Seth","doi":"10.1145/2737856.2738027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2737856.2738027","url":null,"abstract":"Citizen feedback on the implementation of social welfare schemes can help fine tune their design, understand problems, and assess the benefits and impact from these schemes. Such feedback loops however are singularly missing in most schemes in India, and are conveyed only indirectly via civil society and social audit organisations that try to serve as a bridge between citizens and the government. We leverage the deep penetration of mobile phones in India to design a suite of IVR (Interactive Voice Response) tools that can help capture community perceptions, improve awareness of the people, and verify official records directly by the beneficiaries themselves. In the context of a rural employment guarantee scheme, we evaluate these tools in a few villages in the state of Haryana and demonstrate that there is good scope for using IVR tools to serve as a citizen engagement channel for welfare schemes. Our contribution lies in outlining several use-cases for technology interventions, and uncovering nuances that should be addressed if such systems are integrated into the implementation of social welfare schemes.","PeriodicalId":210700,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124900604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Use of digital data in development decision-making: an economic analysis 在发展决策中使用数字数据:经济分析

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737891

Rubayat Khan

{"title":"Use of digital data in development decision-making: an economic analysis","authors":"Rubayat Khan","doi":"10.1145/2737856.2737891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2737856.2737891","url":null,"abstract":"Regular, granular, digital data may be considered a 'holy grail' in development--allowing regular course correction, systematic learning and knowledge generation, performance management, remote monitoring, on-demand reports, unprecedented accountability and transparency, and even remote service provision & feedback. Till now, however, supply of such data has been severely constrained -- so development organizations have evolved systems designed to work in data scarcity, such as extensive planning and to-the-point implementation, elaborate monitoring systems, and logframe-based static evaluation methods. As a result of the proliferation of ICTs, a steady flow of high-frequency, high-fidelity data about beneficiaries and impact is now possible at low marginal cost. However, the development sector is yet to fully absorb and realize the potential of ICT-generated data in making itself more efficient and agile, due to the friction that occurs with processes designed for an analog world. This paper therefore argues that demand side constraints must be addressed before the abundant supply of data can be optimally utilized for making development more impactful.","PeriodicalId":210700,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117128704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive approach to scalability assessment of ICTD projects: an ICT4RED case development ICTD项目可扩展性评估的综合方法:ICT4RED案例开发

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737894

G. Baduza, Caroline Khene

引用次数: 1

How to choose a mobile phone for an ICT4D project 如何为ICT4D项目选择手机

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2737897

Maletsabisa Molapo, Melissa Densmore

引用次数: 13

The mobile divide revisited: mobile phone use by smallholder farmers in Malawi 移动电话鸿沟再次出现:马拉维小农使用移动电话

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2015-05-15 DOI: 10.1145/2737856.2738022

C. Steinfield, Susan Wyche, Tian Cai, Hastings Chiwasa

引用次数: 18