Research Results in Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of methods of modeling and formation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis","authors":"O. Nefodov, I. Belenichev, M. Fedchenko, O. Popazova, V. Ryzhenko, O. Morozova","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.77361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.77361","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Experimental autoimmune (allergic) encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by intradermal injection of homogenate of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve with Freund’s stimulator, refers to a true autoimmune disease of the nervous system.\u0000 Materials and methods: Experimental studies were conducted on white nonlinear rats. To induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), homologous brain homogenates was used, which leads among other drugs (homologous, heterogeneous brain and spinal cord homogenates) by encephalitogenity. The connective tissue of the animal’s tail base was injected with a mixture of encephalitogenic suspension of 0.1 ml per 100 g of the body weight.\u0000 Results and discussion: According to the results, in the rats, there was weight loss, and the abnormal neurological symptoms were found on an average of 10–12th days. Our experimental studies on the formation of EAE were confirmed morphologically by electron microscopy.\u0000 Conclusion: Thus, the use of this technique allowed us to obtain a simulated pathologic condition of multiple sclerosis in the form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and can be used in future studies to identify appropriate laws, the extent and nature of changes in the immune and nervous systems of the body when inducing experimental pathological conditions.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46685157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of a 40% ethanol extract of the black walnut bark (Juglans nigra L.)","authors":"D. Pozdnyakov, Z. Dayronas, D. S. Zolotych, Anastasya D. Geraschenko, N. B. Shabanova","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.77172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.77172","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neuroprotection is a promising area of adjuvant therapy of ischemic brain lesions. At the same time, among potentially effective neuroprotectors, herbal remedies are distinguished due to their high efficiency and safety of use. In this work, some aspects of the neuroprotective effect of 40% ethanol extract of black walnut bark were investigated in comparison with its major component juglone.\u0000 Materials and methods: The work was performed on male Wistar rats, which were simulated with cerebral ischemia by irreversible occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The acute toxicity of the extract was preliminarily evaluated. During the work, the following parameters were determined: changes in the behavior of animals in the Morris water maze, cerebral blood flow, brain necrosis zone area, the activity of mitochondrial complexes, citrate synthase activity, lactic, pyruvic, and ATP concentrations. The activity of the studied extract was compared with juglone in a concentration of 1 mg/kg (per os).\u0000 Discussion: The study showed that the use of black walnut bark extract in conditions of cerebral ischemia contributed to an increase in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I-V, citrate synthase, which in turn led to the normalization of aerobic-anaerobic metabolism reactions. The increase in the activity of respiratory complexes is probably mediated by the antioxidant properties of juglone, which is a major component of the test extract of black walnut bark.\u0000 Conclusion: Thus, the test extract can be a potentially effective neuroprotective agent and requires further study.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48941622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerosis is a side effect of cellular senescence","authors":"E. Leonova, A. V. Chirinskaite, J. Sopova","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.81358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.81358","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis is a systemic autoimmune disease of the arterial wall characterized by chronic inflammation, high blood pressure, oxidative stress, and progressive loss of cell and organ function with aging. An imbalance of macrophage polarization is associated with many aging diseases, including atherosclerosis. The polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage is a major promoter of the atheroma formation. It is known that efferocytosis, or ingestion of apoptotic cells, is stimulated by M2 macrophage polarization. A failure of efferocytosis leads to the prolongation of chronic pathology in tissue. In addition, fat-laden macrophages contribute to the plague progression by transforming into foam cells in response to excess lipid deposition in arteries. In spite of the generally accepted theory that macrophages capture oxidized low-density lipoprotein by phagocytosis and become foam cells, we postulate that the main source of lipid accumulation in foam cells are senescent erythrocytes. Senescent erythrocytes lose their plasticity, which affects the rheological blood properties. It is known that their membrane contains high levels of cholesterol. There is evidence that senescent erythrocytes play a pathogenic role in the atheroma formation after breaking down during flowing through an artery bifurcation. Here we review the current knowledge on the impact of age-associated immune cells and red blood cells modifications on atherogenesis.\u0000 Graphical abstract:\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of Soderm® – forte gel and a new injectable dosage form of Rexod® in the complex treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats","authors":"P. Galenko-Yaroshevsky, K. V. Tseluiko, V. K. Leontev, Mark A. Zadorozhniy, V. Popkov, A. Zelenskaya, Sergey A. Babichev, Andrey V. Zadorozhniy, Sonya V. Meladze","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.79641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.79641","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Insufficient effectiveness of traditional drug therapy in a treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, as well as high social significance of this problem, determines the need to search for new drugs and their compositions aimed at solving it.\u0000 Aim of the study: To increase the efficacy of complex treatment of periodontitis with the administration of Soderm®-Forte gel and a new injectable form of Rexod®.\u0000 Materials and methods: Experiments were performed in 50 male Wistar rats. Experimental periodontitis (EP) was simulated by ligation of the necks of lower incisors. We studied the animals with intact periodontium, untreated EP, and when traditional drug therapy (TDT), as well as the combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and additionally with the new injectable dosage form (NIF) of Rexod® were administered. The general condition, behavior, nutrition and body weight of the animals were evaluated. The Schiller-Pisarev test and the Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index were used, and the amount of crevicular fluid (CF) was measured. The contamination of the marginal gum with microorganisms was determined.\u0000 Results and discussion: The TDT in EP has a moderate therapeutic effect, which does not lead to a sufficiently high pharmacotherapeutic effect, whereas the combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte and, to a greater extent, TDT with Soderm®-Forte and NIF of Rexod® have high therapeutic efficacy, which is statistically confirmed by a sharp decrease in the amount of CF, the Schiller-Pisarev test and the Muhlemann-Cowell bleeding index, as well as absolute suppression of pathogenic microorganisms.\u0000 Conclusion: The combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and NIF of Rexod® in EP in rats can significantly increase the effectiveness of the treatment. The data obtained indicate the expediency of the administration of Soderm®-Forte gel, as well as its combination with NIF of Rexod® in dental practice in the complex therapy of patients with periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47704944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of new derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine as pharmacological agents for the correction of ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage","authors":"Olesya V. Shcheblykina, Dmitry V. Shcheblykin, K. S. Trunov, A. P. Danilenko, V. S. Lipatov","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.80378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.80378","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Limiting the action of secondary injury factors can improve the prognosis in acute cerebral accidents. The aim of the investigation is to study the neuroprotective effects of 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives.\u0000 Materials and methods: The study was performed in Wistar rats. An intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model was used. The animals were once administered intraperitoneally with the test drugs 1 hour before the surgery and on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days. The registration of behaviors and condition of the animals on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 and the morphological examination of the brain were performed.\u0000 Results and discussion: The use of the substances LKhT 4-97 and LKhT 11-02 in the treatment of experimental ICH had a positive effect on the survival rate of the animals and on the resolution rate of pathological signs (p<0.05). Clinical observations were confirmed by the results of analysis of the S100b brain damage marker and morphometry. The efficacy of LKhT 3-15 was largely comparable to that of the reference drug Mexidol. The efficacy of LKhT 01-09 was significantly inferior to that of the reference drug Mexidol. Differences in the neuroprotective effects of the studied substances are related to the metabolism of their various pharmacophores. A hypothetical mechanism for the induction of their neuroprotective effects has been proposed.\u0000 Conclusion: Three of the four 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives under study have a neuroprotective effect, which is manifested in a more rapid resolution of pathological symptoms and less pronounced signs of neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42001551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nortriptyline overcomes corticosteroid resistance in NK and NKT-like cells from peripheral blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"A. Kadushkin, A. Tahanovich, L. Movchan, V. Dziadzichkina, O. Levandovskaya, T. Shman","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75467","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An antidepressant nortriptyline potentiates glucocorticoid (GC) action with synergistic suppression of inflammatory mediator release, but the precise molecular mechanism is unknown.\u0000 Materials and methods: Peripheral blood cells from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 21) were incubated with nortriptyline (1 µM or 10 µM), budesonide (10 nM), or their combinations, followed by stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Cytokine production, glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and histone H4 acetylation of K8 (HAT) expression, p65 NF-kB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation in NK (CD3-CD56+) and NKT-like (CD3+CD56+) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.\u0000 Results: We observed that nortriptyline (10 µM) significantly attenuated the effects of PMA/ionomycin on the synthesis of interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and IL-8, expression of GRβ and HAT, as well as p65 NF-kB and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in NK and NKT-like cells, whereas nortriptyline (1 µM) only inhibited IL-4 production by NK and NKT-like cells.\u0000 Discussion: The combination of nortriptyline (10 µM) and budesonide decreased IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-4, IL-8, and GRβ expression, as well as phosphorylated p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB levels by NK and NKT-like cells above that of budesonide alone. Furthermore, the same association of drugs enhanced HDAC2 expression in NK and NKT-like cells.\u0000 Conclusion: Collectively, our results show that nortriptyline might enhance GC function through modulation of HAT, HDAC2, GRβ, phospho-p38 MAPK expression. These data provide a strong rationale for combining nortriptyline with budesonide to treat COPD.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49528439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of structural-based virtual screening protocols with the PDB Code 3G0B and prediction of the activity of Tinospora crispa compounds as inhibitors of dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV","authors":"Andri Prasetiyo, S. Kumala, E. Mumpuni, R. R. Tjandrawinata","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.76237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.76237","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Brotowali (Tinospora crispa) has been traditionally used as an antidiabetic drug. DPP-IV inhibitor as an antidiabetic will increase insulin secretion. It indirectly escalates incretin hormones, such as Glucagon-Like peptide-1 (GLP-1) which depends on glucose. This study predicts potential compounds from the Brotowali plants, such as DPP-IV inhibitors, using the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD).\u0000 Materials and methods: Before the molecular docking simulation, internal validation and external validation are necessary. Internal validation was carried out by re-docking the native ligands in the DPP-IV enzyme crystal structure (PDB codes 3G0B, 3W2T, and 3BJM). The external validation was carried out by simultaneous docking of 59 active compounds and 1918 inactive compounds (decoys) from the A Directory of Useful Decoys (DUD) database with PDB code 3G0B on 16 combinations, four search algorithms, and four functions scoring.\u0000 Results and discussion: The molecular docking simulation was carried out on 50 compounds from the Brotowali plant and alogliptin as standard compounds with PDB code 3G0B. The best results of the docking method validation yielded the RMSD values of 0.43 and EF1% of 20.34 and EF20% of 3.1 (the combination of search algorithm Moldock optimizer and scoring function Moldock score). The re-rank score of 5 compounds from the Brotowali plant (Rumphioside C, Borapetoside E, Borapetoside F, Rumphioside I, and 6’-O-Lactoyl Borapetoside B) were -107.7 kcal/mol; -105.4 kcal/mol; -104.2 kcal/mol, and -102.8 kcal/mol. Alogliptin (standard ligands) had a re-rank score of -101.6 kcal/mol. The combination of search algorithms MolDock optimizer and scoring function MolDock score is a valid protocol with a good result. The similarity of the binding sites of Borapetoside E and 6’-O-Lactoyl Borapetoside B is 75% when compared to the alogliptin binding sites (Glu 205, Glu 206, Tyr 547).\u0000 Conclusion: Based on the re-rank score and binding sites similarity, Borapetoside E and 6’-O-Lactoyl Borapetoside B have potential as an antidiabetic drug with a mechanism of action of DPP-IV inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47894325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of pharmacokinetic of new peptide drug 1-deamino-arginine-vasotocin for hypernatremia correction","authors":"V. Kosman, N. M. Faustova, M. V. Karlina, V. Makarov, M. Makarova","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.71802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.71802","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The pharmacokinetics studies are some of the necessary parts of the drugs preclinical investigations. Pharmacokinetic properties of new peptide drug 1-deamino-arginine-vasotocin (dAVT) in the form of an injection solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration for hypernatremia correction were investigated. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on male rats and rabbits with a single intravenous administration of the drug in three doses, a single intramuscular administration in one dose and multiple administration to rats in one dose. To determine natriiuretic peptide concentration in blood plasma, tissues, and excretes, assays based on a sodium level change measurement using a biochemical analyzer have been developed and validated. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the model-independent method of statistical moments. Results and discussion: The pharmacokinetics of the drug was found to be linear after a single administration of dAVT drug in the dose range 3–10 μg/kg for rats and rabbits. The relative bioavailability of dAVT after intramuscular and intravenous administrations was more than 30%. After a biomarker content change, the active substance was intensively distributed into highly vascularized organs (spleen), the organs that provide metabolism and subsequent excretion (liver and kidneys), whereas it hardly reached moderately and weakly vascularized tissues (muscles, omentum). Less than 10% dAVT was excreted with urine; no dAVT was determined in feces; and repeated administration did not lead to its cumulation. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetics parameters of new nonapeptide drug 1-deamino-arginine-vasotocin were evaluated after original analytical biomarker approach. The study included all main areas necessary to characterize the original drug pharmacokinetic.","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45280003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of dose-dependent actoprotective effect of ATACL on physical performancend psychoemotional status of animals under exhausting exercise","authors":"A. Gerashchenko, D. Pozdnyakov, A. Voronkov","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75981","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the dose-dependent actoprotective effect of ATACL on physical performance and psychoemotional status of animals under conditions of exhausting exercise.\u0000 Materials and methods: Outbred male mice (23–25 g) were used in the experiment. The test compound in various dosages, as well as the reference drug, were administered intragastrically 60 minutes before the forced swimming test for 10 days of the experiment. At the end of the physical activity, the psychoemotional status of the animals was assessed in the Open Field (OF) and Elevated plus maze (EPM) tests.\u0000 Results and discussion: In the course of the experiment, it was found that under conditions of exhausting physical execise, a smooth increase in performance was observed in the group that had received the test compound 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert butyl cinnamic acid (ATACL) at a dosage of 100 mg/kg for 10 days. The peak of performance was recorded on the 8th day, which was 47.3% (p<0.05) higher than the physical activity of the mice treated with the reference drug ethylthiobenzimidazole hydrobromide (EBH). When assessing changes in the Open Field test, it was found that the test compound ATACL at a dosage of 100 mg/kg is also a leader in stabilizing the psychoemotional status of the animals, which is reflected in the improvement of the motor activity (the number of sectors crossed by 4.7 times (p< 0.05)), exploratory activity (an increase in the number of «peeps» and rearings by 8.5 times (p<0.05) and 12.7 times (p<0.05), respectively) and changes in the level of anxiety (a 2.5-time decrease in the number of short-term grooming acts (p<0.05)) in comparison with the negative control (NC) group. The results obtained in the EPM test are completely consistent with the results of the OF test; the most pronounced activity was observed for the ATACL compound at a dosage of 100 mg/kg.\u0000 Conclusion: Based on the combination of reproducible methods, it can be concluded that the most pronounced actоprotective effect is exerted by the compound at a dosage of 100 mg/kg, not inferior, at the same time, to the reference drug EBН.\u0000 Graphical abstract:\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46558511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic activities of ethanolic crude extracts from fruiting bodies of bamboo mushrooms (Dictyophora spp.) against cholangiocarcinoma cells","authors":"Pathanin Chantree, S. Chumkiew, Mantana Jamklang, Pongsakorn Martviset","doi":"10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.72098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.72098","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly progressive tumor. The standard chemotherapy varies in its effectiveness, with generally low efficacy. So, the discovery of novel chemotherapy is still required. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine the cytotoxic effects induced by three kinds of bamboo mushrooms (Dictyophora indusiata or Chinese bamboo mushroom; Ch-DTP, Short skirt bamboo mushroom (Thai isolate); Th-DTP, and orange skirt bamboo mushroom; Or-DTP) on CCA cells.\u0000 Materials and methods: CCA cell lines, including CL-6, HuCCT1, HuH28, and OUMS normal fibroblast cells, were treated with various concentrations of DTP extracts. The MTT assay was used to determine cytotoxicity, and cell morphology was observed by using phase-contrast microscopy.\u0000 Results and discussion: The results suggested that Ch-DTP effectively killed all three CCA cell lines in both low (0.3 mg/mL) and high (0.6 mg/mL) doses, but Th-DTP and Or-DTP had significantly reduced cell viability only at high doses (p<0.001). Ch-DTP had the best effect by showing a response of more than 50% at a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL. Th-DTP had moderate effects at a concentration of lower than 0.6 mg/mL but worthwhile at higher concentrations, whereas Or-DTP had limited effects at concentrations of 0.4 mg/mL and downward, although the effects were significantly increased in the higher concentration range. Morphology of the Ch-DTP treated cells was greatly transformed both at low and high doses, but Th-DTP and Or-DTP showed definite alteration only at high doses. The morphological changes revealed apoptotic induction. In OUMS cells, no effects were recognized with any of the three DTPs.\u0000 Conclusion: This study indicated that DTP extracts could induce cytotoxicity in cholangiocarcinoma, with a high potential of being an effective therapeutic agent.\u0000 Graphical abstract:\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":21030,"journal":{"name":"Research Results in Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47003649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}