Research on Crops最新文献

Climate change impacts on rice cultivation paddies in the Plain of Reeds, Vietnam 气候变化对越南芦苇平原水稻种植田的影响

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1086

T. D. Phung

{"title":"Climate change impacts on rice cultivation paddies in the Plain of Reeds, Vietnam","authors":"T. D. Phung","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1086","url":null,"abstract":" Severe alterations in rainfall patterns have led to a shortage of irrigation water in rice paddies, resulting in income decline and spontaneous migration to urban centers. Recognizing the crucial significance of irrigation water for rice cultivation in the Plain of Reeds (PORs), this study aims to assess the impacts of rainfall characteristics alteration on rice yield in the concern of climate variation. The study focuses on variations in rainfall characteristics and their changing trends across the PORs. Non-parametric statistical approaches such as Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope estimator and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) are employed for data analysis. The study utilizes daily rainfall data spanning 38 years (1985-2022) from the National Center for Hydrometeorological Forecasting (NCHF). The results demonstrate significant changes in rainfall characteristics such as rainfall in rainy season (RRS), date of the rainy season onset (DRSO) and date of the rainy season cessation (DRSC). Rice productivity exhibits substantial changes, with increases during La-Nina years and significant decreases during strong El-Niño events across the study area. The findings provide valuable insights for discussing and formulating policies on adaptive agricultural production methods in response to changing climate conditions, ensuring sustainable crop production in the region.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"307 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141386566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogenetic position of Discolaimium (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from South Africa using 28S rDNA 利用 28S rDNA 确定南非 Discolaimium（线虫纲：Dorylaimida）的系统发育位置

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1070

Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi

{"title":"Phylogenetic position of Discolaimium (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from South Africa using 28S rDNA","authors":"Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1070","url":null,"abstract":" Dorylaim nematodes inhabit soil and are predatory, primarily feeding on other nematodes. This predatory behaviour positions them as a potential natural solution to combat plant-parasitic nematodes. By preying on their fellow nematodes, they contribute significantly to ecological diversity. Therefore, this molecular study was conducted in 2022 at the University of Limpopo to identify the soil nematodes from South Africa using a 28S rDNA marker. The recovered nematode was extracted using the tray method. The Chelex method was used to extract DNA, and the nematode was identified as Discolaimium. Afterward, 28S rDNA was amplified using specific primers to identify the nematode. The Nblast analysis based on the small subunit ribosomal DNA showed that South African Discolaimium has a 97% similarity (MG921263) with the Chinese population of Discolaimium. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Discolaimium in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this species was properly identified using 28S rDNA. However, other DNA markers are recommended to understand the Discolaimium phylogeny better.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicity of several insecticides against fruit flies Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera carambolae (Drew and Hancock) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory 几种杀虫剂在实验室中对果蝇 Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) 和 Bactrocera carambolae (Drew and Hancock)（双翅目：头蝇科）的毒性

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1064

Agus Susanto, W. D. Natawigena, Yayan Sumekar, Arief Nasrullah Hidayath

{"title":"Toxicity of several insecticides against fruit flies Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera carambolae (Drew and Hancock) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory","authors":"Agus Susanto, W. D. Natawigena, Yayan Sumekar, Arief Nasrullah Hidayath","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1064","url":null,"abstract":"Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera carambolae are major pests of various commodities that could cause significant losses, if not controlled. Insecticide usage is a common control carried out by farmers. The test was conducted to determine the toxicity level of several types of insecticides on the mortality of two different fruit fly species. The fruit fly population used in the study came from the collection owned by Center for Forecasting Plant Pest Organisms (BBPOPT), Karawang. The research method used was an experimental method with a Randomized Block Design. The test was carried out using the dry film method. The concentration ranges used were 0.02-1 ml/L fipronil insecticide, 0.01-0.6 ml/L ethion insecticide, 0.02-0.6 ml/L deltamethrin insecticide, and 0.02-0.8 ml/L lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide. The control treatment used was acetone alone. Each treatment was replicated thrice. Mortality was observed at 1, 3, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. Cumulative mortality at 48 hours after treatment was analyzed using probit to determine the LC50 and LC95 values at 48 hours. The results showed that the insecticide deltamethrin was the most toxic insecticide to B. carambolae with an LC50 value of 0.025 ml/L and an LC95 of 0.646 ml/L. Ethion was the most toxic insecticide for B. dorsalis with LC50 values of 0.046 ml/L and LC95 of 0.746 ml/L. The LC50 values of all insecticide treatments for two different species were below the recommended concentrations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"6 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sphenoptera sp. (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) threatening wild cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) population Sphenoptera sp. (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) 威胁野生癌灌木（Sutherlandia frutescens）种群

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1078

MOSES TIMANA, ZAKHELENI DUBE, NCOBILE NKUNA, MMAGADIMA SEBATI, THOBILE MKHWANAZI, RIVONINGO UBISI

{"title":"Sphenoptera sp. (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) threatening wild cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) population ","authors":"MOSES TIMANA, ZAKHELENI DUBE, NCOBILE NKUNA, MMAGADIMA SEBATI, THOBILE MKHWANAZI, RIVONINGO UBISI","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1078","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) is a medicinal plant indigenous to Southern Africa, important in the treatment of diverse human diseases and ailments. The rampant harvesting in the wild has threatened many indigenous medicinal plants. To safeguard this national treasure, cultivation has been recommended. Recently, substantial insect damage to the wild population of cancer bush in the Limpopo province has been observed. Currently, there are no reports of insect pests associated with cancer bush, hence the objective of this study was to use morphological and molecular tools in the identification of insect pest associated with extensive damage to wild cancer bush populations in Makgophong and Tubatse, Limpopo Province, South Africa from March to June 2023. Plants were cut longitudinally to expose insects inside the stem, and a microscope at 40X magnification, was used to examine the morphological characteristics of insects found. Insect species found were further confirmed using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI). All life stages of the beetle except the egg stage were observed in the plant, and the morphological and molecular examination of these specimens revealed that the adults and larvae corresponded with the descriptions of Sphenoptera species. This is the first positive confirmation of Sphenoptera species associated with cancer bush and urgent development of management strategies is needed if this plant population (species) is to be conserved.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogenetic position of Aceria sp. (Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae) based on 28S rDNA partial sequences Limpopo Province, South Africa 基于 28S rDNA 部分序列的南非林波波省 Aceria sp.

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1030

Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi

引用次数: 0

Chemical desiccation of potato haulms to increase skin hardness and potato yield 化学干燥马铃薯茎秆以提高表皮硬度和马铃薯产量

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1059

Ryan Widianto, Denny Kurniadie

引用次数: 0

Relationship between soil factors with Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus isolated from tomato fields in Limpopo Province, South Africa 土壤因素与南非林波波省番茄田中分离出的假梭菌（Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus）之间的关系

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1067

Gavin Geldenhuys

{"title":"Relationship between soil factors with Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus isolated from tomato fields in Limpopo Province, South Africa ","authors":"Gavin Geldenhuys","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1067","url":null,"abstract":"Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus is one of the tomato fields' most important plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, the soil was sampled in 2023. The identification and determination of nematodes was made in the Aquaculture Research Unit at the University of Limpopo. During the investigation of this nematode in the Tzaneen region, the properties of soils infected with this nematode, including pH and EC, were investigated. The population of H. pseudorobustus was counted in 100 grams of soil in each season, and soil characteristics were also analysed at the same time. The results in different seasons of the year showed that the range of pH changes during the year of investigation was between 5.2 and 6.6, and the range of EC changes was between 2.9 and 4.3 mS. A comparison of EC and pH changes with population changes showed that the population increased approximately in the months when soil salinity decreased. In addition, soil structure (71.9% sand, 8.0% silt, and 20.1% clay) didn't influence the H. pseudorobustus population. However, the results showed no significant relationship between soil factors and the population dynamic of H. pseudorobustus nematode throughout the year.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"52 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the efficacy of a bacterial antagonist in the management of tomato wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum 揭示细菌拮抗剂在防治由茄黑僵菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）引起的番茄枯萎病中的功效

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1065

Bushra Solanki, MOHD SAGHIR KHAN

{"title":"Unveiling the efficacy of a bacterial antagonist in the management of tomato wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum","authors":"Bushra Solanki, MOHD SAGHIR KHAN","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1065","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term application of agrochemicals, including pesticides, in intensive agricultural practices to protect crops from biotic stresses results in the emergence of resistance among phytopathogens and the ineffectiveness of chemical applications. The microbiological strategies, in contrast, minimize the reliance on chemicals and, hence, reduce environmental and human health risks. Bacterial wilt of tomato induced by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most destructive diseases worldwide that requires urgent attention to develop a safer and more efficient method to control the phytopathogen. The present work was conducted in the year 2022-2023. In this study, the bacterial wilt was managed by an antagonist bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, exhibiting variable morphological, biochemical, and plant growth-promoting activities. The P. fluorescens inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum in plate assay at different time intervals (0-48 h). The SEM image of R. solanacearum cells cultured with P. fluorescens revealed pores, distortion, and fragmented cell envelope, while the untreated bacterial cells were uniform and smooth. Tomato plants infected with R. solanacearum showed 89% disease incidence compared to uninfected but PGPR-inoculated tomato plants. Application of P. fluorescens reduced disease incidence by 63% compared to R. solanacearum infested plants. Furthermore, plant length enhanced by 21 and 26% significantly following bacterial inoculation after three and four weeks of growth. Conclusively, this study emphasizes the effectiveness of using PGPR as a potent strategy for managing wilt disease in vegetable crops, especially tomato.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response of selected nutrient elements in leaf tissues of sweet potato cv. 'Bophelo' to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide 甘薯品种'Bophelo'叶片组织中的某些营养元素对 Nemafric-BL 植物杀虫剂的反应

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1008

K. P. Malatji, P. Mashela, K. Pofu

{"title":"Response of selected nutrient elements in leaf tissues of sweet potato cv. 'Bophelo' to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide","authors":"K. P. Malatji, P. Mashela, K. Pofu","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1008","url":null,"abstract":"Nemafric-BL phytonematicide is a potent plant-based nematicide which consistently suppress nematode population densities of root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes on various crops, but with limited information on its effects on foliar nutrient elements in sweet potato. The objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide on accumulation of nutrient elements in leaf tissues of sweet potato cv. 'Bophelo' under greenhouse conditions in Limpopo Province, South Africa, during autumn (February-April) in 2021 and validated in 2022. The product was applied weekly at geometric concentrations, with mature leaves collected and prepared for analysis of nutrient elements at eight weeks. Seasonal interactions were not significant and therefore data were pooled (n = 70) and then subjected to the Curve-fitting Allelochemical Response Dose (CARD) algorithm computer model. Iron (R2 = 0.86), K (0.91) and Na (0.82) versus Nemafric-BL phytonematicide each exhibited negative quadratic relations, whereas Zn (0.83) versus the product exhibited positive quadratic relations. In all test elements, the CARD-generated biological indices illustrated that the accumulation of elements was highly sensitive to the concentration of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide. In conclusion, in sweet potato production, the application of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide can inhibit (Fe, K) and stimulate (Zn) the accumulation of certain elements in leaf tissues of sweet potato cv. ′Bophelo‵.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"40 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of molecular characters of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum) from Limpopo Province, South Africa, using 28S rDNA 利用 28S rDNA 鉴定南非林波波省番茄幼苗（Solanum lycopersicum）的分子特征

Research on Crops Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1022

GAVIN GELDENHUYS

{"title":"Identification of molecular characters of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum) from Limpopo Province, South Africa, using 28S rDNA ","authors":"GAVIN GELDENHUYS","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2024.roc-1022","url":null,"abstract":" Farming with tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) in South Africa can be a highly profitable operation, provided the farmer starts the crop with the right variety of quality seedlings, suited for the specific growth area. Therefore, it is necessary to study tomato seedlings on the molecular level. This study was conducted to isolate and identify S. lycopersicum in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Therefore, this molecular study was conducted in 2022 at Limpopo University. To identify S. lycopersicum 28S rDNA marker was used. The DNA was extracted using the Chelex method. The tomato was identified as S. lycopersicum. The Nblast analysis showed South African S. lycopersicum has a 99.8% similarity with a population from Germany (OU640345) and a 99.7% similarity with a population from Sweden (OK073662). Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as S. lycopersicum in the same clade with highly supported (83) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this species is identified using 28S rDNA properly. However, other DNA markers are recommended to understand Solanum spp. phylogeny better.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0