{"title":"Discovery of Pyrazole-Containing 4-Arylindolines as Potent Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Programmed Cell Death-1/Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Interaction","authors":"Wensong Deng, Yuan Yang, Tairen Zhou, Xuanchi Zhu, Bing Xu, Xiaoyao Zhao, Kun Huang, Yanqi Jin, Lihui Wang* and Mingze Qin*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00423","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction has emerged as a promising strategy in tumor immunotherapy. In this study, a series of 4-arylindoline derivatives containing a pyrazole moiety were designed and synthesized through a medicinal chemistry campaign based on compound <b>1</b>, a potent immunomodulator previously reported by our group. Among these, compound <b>J29</b> was identified as the most promising inhibitor, exhibiting an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 5.5 nM against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in a biochemical assay. In coculture models of tumor cells and T cells, <b>J29</b> effectively promoted T-cell proliferation and restored their ability to kill tumor cells. Moreover, <b>J29</b> showed significantly improved metabolic stability in human liver microsomes (HLMs) compared with compound <b>1</b>. These findings indicate that <b>J29</b> represents a promising lead compound for the further development of small-molecule PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 9","pages":"1852–1859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Piperidine Derivatives as NNMT Inhibitors for Treating Chronic Kidney Disease or Acute Kidney Injury","authors":"Ram W. Sabnis*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00464","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Provided herein are novel piperidine derivatives as nicotinamide <i>N</i>-methyltransferase (NNMT) inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions, use of such compounds in treating chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury, and processes for preparing such compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 9","pages":"1713–1714"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanyuan Zhou, Ji Tao, Yuanpeng Jiang, Aiyan Ji, Xiangning Luo, Jin Tian, Xuanyan Zhao, Kun Qian, Chunrong Qu, Renfei Wang*, Wen-Hua Chen* and Zhen Cheng*,
{"title":"Radiosynthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Small-Molecule Probe for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou, Ji Tao, Yuanpeng Jiang, Aiyan Ji, Xiangning Luo, Jin Tian, Xuanyan Zhao, Kun Qian, Chunrong Qu, Renfei Wang*, Wen-Hua Chen* and Zhen Cheng*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00210","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) plays a pivotal role in regulating thyroid growth, function, synthesis, and secretion of thyroid hormones, with its overexpression linked to various diseases, especially in tumors. A novel TSHR-targeting small molecule agonist ML-109 with a nM potency has been developed. In this study, we radiolabeled ML-109 with radionuclide iodine-131 on the quinazolin-4-one ring to prepare <sup>131</sup>I-ML-109, and its biological performance was further evaluated as a single-photon emission computed tomography radiotracer. The results displayed that <sup>131</sup>I-ML-109 was prepared in high radiochemical purity >95% and moderate radiolabeling yield (∼40%). Further, <sup>131</sup>I-ML-109 demonstrated a good tumor uptake capability in both K1 and 8305C xenograft models. Overall, this study has established the synthetic strategy for preparation of <sup>131</sup>I-ML-109, highlighting that ML-109 is a promising molecular scaffold for developing TSHR targeted imaging probe. Further structural optimization is desired to improve the diagnostic performance of the next-generation probe.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 9","pages":"1740–1746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Compounds as 5-HT2A Agonists for Treating Depression","authors":"Ram W. Sabnis*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00461","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Provided herein are novel compounds as 5-HT2A agonists, pharmaceutical compositions, use of such compounds in treating depression, and processes for preparing such compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 9","pages":"1709–1710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksei A. Logvinov, Eleonora Casillo, Matthieu Jouffroy* and Steven P. Nolan*,
{"title":"Transfer Hydrodehalogenation of Aryl Halides Mediated by [Pd(IPr*)(cinnamyl)Cl]","authors":"Aleksei A. Logvinov, Eleonora Casillo, Matthieu Jouffroy* and Steven P. Nolan*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00377","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report the dehalogenation of aryl halides mediated by a palladium NHC (<i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene) catalyst in alcohol solvents and using potassium phosphate as a mild base. A broad range of substrates, including sterically congested (hetero)aryl chlorides, bromides, and drug-like molecules, could be selectively dehalogenated using only 1 mol % catalyst loading.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 9","pages":"1825–1829"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon C. C. Lucas*, Alexander G. Milbradt, Jason Breed, Erwin De Genst, Anne Jackson, Alisa Solovyeva, Bryony Ackroyd, Matthias R. Bauer, Juntai Liu, David Longmire, Dušan Petrović, Emma L. Rivers, Christopher Stubbs, Poppy Winlow, Sana Bazzaz, Paige Dickson, Diana Gikunju, Marie-Aude Guié, John P. Guilinger, Christopher D. Hupp, Rachael Jetson, Anthony D. Keefe, Katherine Nugai, John T. S. Yeoman, Ying Zhang, Xian Feng, Dequan Yu and Christopher Phillips,
{"title":"Discovery of Small-Molecule Ligands for the E3 Ligase STUB1/CHIP from a DNA-Encoded Library Screen","authors":"Simon C. C. Lucas*, Alexander G. Milbradt, Jason Breed, Erwin De Genst, Anne Jackson, Alisa Solovyeva, Bryony Ackroyd, Matthias R. Bauer, Juntai Liu, David Longmire, Dušan Petrović, Emma L. Rivers, Christopher Stubbs, Poppy Winlow, Sana Bazzaz, Paige Dickson, Diana Gikunju, Marie-Aude Guié, John P. Guilinger, Christopher D. Hupp, Rachael Jetson, Anthony D. Keefe, Katherine Nugai, John T. S. Yeoman, Ying Zhang, Xian Feng, Dequan Yu and Christopher Phillips, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00361","url":null,"abstract":"<p >STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1), also known as the C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP), is an E3 ligase that plays a crucial role in removal of misfolded proteins via Hsc70. A DEL screen was run against CHIP to identify small-molecule binders. Two hits were identified that were confirmed by biochemical and biophysical techniques, including 2D NMR. X-ray crystal structures were obtained, which revealed binding to the peptide binding site. Fragment-based deconstruction indicated that hit <b>2</b> was a suitable starting point for optimization. During the optimization, an unexpected rearrangement of an oxadiazole from an array hit led to the exploration of an amide vector. This resulted in the discovery of compound <b>5</b>, which is the most potent small-molecule ligand for CHIP identified to date and a suitable starting point for further optimization into a tool molecule or PROTAC warhead.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 8","pages":"1445–1451"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Angeli*, Marta Ferraroni and Claudiu T. Supuran,
{"title":"Unveiling the Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Profile of Aprocitentan: Kinetic and Structural Characterization","authors":"Andrea Angeli*, Marta Ferraroni and Claudiu T. Supuran, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00421","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aprocitentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist recently approved for the treatment of resistant hypertension, contains a sulfamide moiety structurally related to known zinc-binding groups found in carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors. Given the central role of CAs in renal and vascular physiology, we investigated whether aprocitentan exerts secondary pharmacological effects via CA inhibition. Kinetic profiling of aprocitentan was performed against all catalytically active human CA isoforms (hCA I–XIV). In addition, X-ray crystallographic structures of aprocitentan in complex with hCA I and hCA II were solved to elucidate the binding mode at the molecular level. These findings highlight a previously unrecognized dual mechanism of action for aprocitentan involving not only endothelin receptor antagonism but also CA inhibition. The combined effect may enhance its antihypertensive efficacy and suggests new avenues for therapeutic exploration in resistant hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 8","pages":"1682–1686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Compounds for Treating Huntington’s Disease","authors":"Ram W. Sabnis*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00442","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Provided herein are novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, use of such compounds in treating Huntington’s disease, and processes for preparing such compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 8","pages":"1520–1521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cong T. Nguyen, Dung T.K. Hoang, Vu A. Truong, Loan T.K. Nguyen, Phi C. Dinh, Dung H.A. Mai*, Duc T. Le* and Nam N. Pham*,
{"title":"Synthesis and In Vitro/In Silico α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Study of Novel Ethanones Containing Naphthalene-Linked 1,2,4-Triazole","authors":"Cong T. Nguyen, Dung T.K. Hoang, Vu A. Truong, Loan T.K. Nguyen, Phi C. Dinh, Dung H.A. Mai*, Duc T. Le* and Nam N. Pham*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00387","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic-metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and severe complications. α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) effectively control postprandial blood glucose level by delaying carbohydrate digestion. This study reports the synthesis of novel naphthalene-linked 1,2,4-triazole-bearing ethanones (<b>5a</b>–<b>e</b> and <b>7a</b>–<b>f</b>) as potential AGIs. Enzymatic assay demonstrated significantly superior α-glucosidase inhibitory potency of aryl-substituted derivatives (<b>7a</b>−<b>f</b>) compared to ethyl-substituted analogs (<b>5a</b>−<b>e</b>), highlighting the advance of aromatic substituents. Compounds <b>7b</b> and <b>7c</b> exhibited exceptional inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 9.23–9.61 μM), conferring 37-fold more potency than voglibose. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations indicated predominant π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions contributing to their stable enzyme binding. MM/GBSA binding-affinity calculation further supported their enhanced binding affinity, providing mechanistic insights into their potent activity. Collectively, these findings highlight the promise of naphthalene- and 1,2,4-triazole-bearing ethanones for the development of effective antidiabetic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 8","pages":"1676–1681"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel Peptides as GIPR/GLP-1R/GCGR Triagonists for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Qilong Hu, and , Steven H. Liang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00435","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This patent application pertains to a novel class of peptide triagonists, generally represented by Formula I. These peptides exhibit selective activities toward GIPR (gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor), GLP-1R (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor), and GCGR (glucagon receptor). The unique pharma-cological profile of these triagonists offers promising therapeutic potential for the management of various conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), weight management, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":20,"journal":{"name":"ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 8","pages":"1517–1519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}