Redox BiologyPub Date : 2026-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104370
Bruna Rafaela Pereira Resende, Gang Cheng, Gabriel Canard, Didier Siri, Vanessa Leone, Micael Hardy, Balaraman Kalyanaraman
{"title":"Redox and structural determinants of mitochondrial complex III inhibition by triphenylphosphonium-conjugated atovaquone analogs","authors":"Bruna Rafaela Pereira Resende, Gang Cheng, Gabriel Canard, Didier Siri, Vanessa Leone, Micael Hardy, Balaraman Kalyanaraman","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104370","url":null,"abstract":"Growing evidence indicates that cancer cell mitochondria remain functional and represent attractive therapeutic targets. Mitochondria-targeted drug delivery commonly uses triphenylphosphonium (TPP<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>)-conjugated compounds, which preferentially accumulate in cancer cell mitochondria because of their highly negative membrane potential. Many TPP<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-conjugated agents inhibit mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I and II, suppressing mitochondrial respiration and cancer cell proliferation. Recent studies suggest that electron-withdrawing substituents, such as trifluoromethyl groups, on the TPP<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> phenyl rings alter electron density around the phosphorus center, enhancing mitochondrial uncoupling activity and antiproliferative effects. To determine how TPP<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> electronic substituents influence redox properties, mitochondrial complex III interactions, and biological activity, we used mitochondria-targeted atovaquone (<ce:bold>Mito-ATO</ce:bold>) as a model system.","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exposure to TBBPA and polystyrene nanoplastics induces cardiac fibrosis via the activation of the ESR/H19/Wnt pathway.","authors":"Xiang-Yu Pei, Xi-Ran Wang, Shao-Yan Liu, Meng-Die Cheng, Chang-Lei Li, Shuo Li, Hai-Ming Xu, Yin-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac fibrosis is a key pathological driver of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality, with environmental pollutants being increasingly implicated. Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a dominant brominated flame retardant (BFR), is environmentally pervasive and poses potential cardiotoxic risks. However, direct evidence for TBBPA-induced cardiac fibrosis in mammals is lacking. Additionally, its ability to adsorb onto nanoplastics, such as polystyrene (PS-NPs), raises concerns about combined toxicity, especially cardiotoxicity. To addressed this, we systematically evaluated the cardiotoxicity of TBBPA and PS-NPs in vivo and in vitro. In mice, environmentally relevant TBBPA exposure impaired cardiac function and induced inflammation and fibrosis, leading to cardiac remodeling, whereas co-exposure with PS-NPs only induced fibrosis. In H9C2 cells, TBBPA and PS-NPs individually promoted the expression of inflammatory, fibrotic, and hypertrophic markers, with co-exposure resulting in a synergistic exacerbation and a remodeling phenotype. Furthermore, transcriptomic and mechanistic data showed that ESR inhibitors blocked the H19/Wnt pathway activation induced by TBBPA or PS-NPs. Through gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we further confirmed that H19 mediates pollutant-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation and fibrotic responses, positioning H19 as a critical downstream mediator of the ESR/H19/Wnt axis. Overall, for the first time, this study elucidates the cardiotoxic profiles of TBBPA and PS-NPs and identifies the ESR/H19/Wnt axis as a key pro-fibrotic mechanism, highlighting a cardiovascular risk and a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":"96 ","pages":"104368"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Redox BiologyPub Date : 2026-08-27DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104364
Shikun Yang, Li Zhao, Yachun Han, Yu Liu, Chao Chen, Ming Zhan, Xiaofen Xiong, Xuejing Zhu, Li Xiao, Chun Hu, Fuyou Liu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yashpal S Kanwar, Lin Sun
{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Corrigendum to 'Probucol ameliorates renal injury in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of the redox enzyme p66Shc'\" [Redox Biology 26 (2019) 101276].","authors":"Shikun Yang, Li Zhao, Yachun Han, Yu Liu, Chao Chen, Ming Zhan, Xiaofen Xiong, Xuejing Zhu, Li Xiao, Chun Hu, Fuyou Liu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yashpal S Kanwar, Lin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":" ","pages":"104364"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Redox BiologyPub Date : 2026-08-27DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104362
Shikun Yang, Li Zhao, Yachun Han, Yu Liu, Chao Chen, Ming Zhan, Xiaofen Xiong, Xuejing Zhu, Li Xiao, Chun Hu, Fuyou Liu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yashpal S Kanwar, Lin Sun
{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Probucol ameliorates renal injury in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of the redox enzyme p66Shc\" [Redox Biol. 13 (2017) 482-497].","authors":"Shikun Yang, Li Zhao, Yachun Han, Yu Liu, Chao Chen, Ming Zhan, Xiaofen Xiong, Xuejing Zhu, Li Xiao, Chun Hu, Fuyou Liu, Zhiguang Zhou, Yashpal S Kanwar, Lin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":" ","pages":"104362"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cooperative inhibition of mTORC1 disrupts iron-redox homeostasis and triggers ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Xinyu Chen, Zhen Tan, Shiqiao Zhao, Fan Li, Yilin Liu, Cong Ren, Jiaying Li, Hanghong Lo, Yue Cui, Aie Zhou, Chuanlin Zhu, Anguo Wu, Ning Jiang, Fang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality, and the clinical utility of β-lapachone (β-Lap) is limited by dose-dependent toxicity. Here, we identify cryptotanshinone (CPT), a bioactive compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, as a synergistic partner that enables dose reduction while enhancing antitumor efficacy. Integrated transcriptomic profiling, biochemical analyses, target engagement assays, and in vivo validation support that β-Lap and CPT cooperatively induce ferroptosis through disruption of iron-redox homeostasis. Mechanistically, β-Lap and CPT engage Raptor and mTOR, respectively, in vitro, supporting a model wherein their cooperative action leads to dual suppression of mTORC1 signaling. mTORC1 inhibition activates NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, promoting ferritin degradation and expansion of the labile Fe<sup>2+</sup> pool. The consequent iron-dependent Fenton reaction drives excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation, culminating in ferroptotic cell death. Notably, this process occurs without downregulation of the canonical GPX4-SLC7A11 axis, defining a non-canonical, iron-amplified ferroptosis pathway. In xenograft models, the combination therapy significantly suppressed tumor growth without detectable systemic toxicity and recapitulated the molecular hallmarks observed in vitro, including mTORC1 inhibition, enhanced ferritinophagy, iron overload, and lipid peroxidation. Collectively, our findings support cooperative mTORC1 inhibition as a strategy to trigger ferritinophagy-dependent iron-redox collapse and non-canonical ferroptosis, providing a mechanistically informed and low-toxicity therapeutic approach for HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":"97 ","pages":"104369"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Redox BiologyPub Date : 2026-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104357
Emily C. Mitchem, James R. Roede, Kristofer S. Fritz
{"title":"Crosstalk Between Cysteine and Lysine Modifications: Integrating Redox and Metabolic Regulation","authors":"Emily C. Mitchem, James R. Roede, Kristofer S. Fritz","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2026.104357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2026.104357","url":null,"abstract":"Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) on amino acid residues enable dynamic cellular responses to changes in metabolic and redox state. Cysteine and lysine are among the most extensively modified amino acid residues, with both undergoing a diversity of acylation and oxidative modifications. Indeed, proximal (<10Å) cysteine and lysine residues may form integration nodes for crosstalk between metabolism and redox homeostasis pathways. This review highlights the interaction of proximal Cys-Lys residues, including influence on residue pKa by local electrostatics, cysteine-to-lysine transfer of PTM moieties, and covalent crosslinking. We discuss candidate Cys-Lys regulatory pairs in proteins involved in redox regulation, proteostasis, metabolic adaptation and inflammation. We further utilize computational modeling to identify proximity between cysteine and lysine residues in proteins known to be regulated by acylation and oxidative PTMs, and to demonstrate changes in these distances and local electrostatic potential due to lysine acetylation. Finally, we review how mass spectrometry-based proteomics and machine-learning PTM predictive tools can enable the identification, validation, and interpretation of proximal Cys-Lys interactions that regulate cellular responses to oxidative challenge and metabolic flux.","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148853195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}