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Population patterns of two generalist forager bees on canola: effects of sowing season, plant genotype, meteorological factors, and coabundance 油菜籽上两种通食觅食蜂的种群模式：播种季节、植物基因型、气象因素和共生的影响
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.28
E. Engel, Ana L. de P. Ribeiro, Alessandro Dal’Col Lúcio, M. Pasini, R. P. Bortolotto, Wesley A.C. Godoy
{"title":"Population patterns of two generalist forager bees on canola: effects of sowing season, plant genotype, meteorological factors, and coabundance","authors":"E. Engel, Ana L. de P. Ribeiro, Alessandro Dal’Col Lúcio, M. Pasini, R. P. Bortolotto, Wesley A.C. Godoy","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Canola, Brassica napus Linnaeus var. oleifera, is one of the main oilseeds grown in the world. Pollination is required to ensure an acceptable yield. Among the main bee pollinators (Hymenoptera: Apidae) occurring in canola in southern Brazil are Apis mellifera (Linnaeus) (Apidae: Apini) and Trigona spinipes (Fabricius) (Apidae: Meliponini). Plant genotype, sowing season, meteorological factors, and abundance of competitors can influence the foraging rate of A. mellifera and T. spinipes in canola, which will impact yield. We evaluated the effect of plant genotype, sowing season, and meteorological factors on the abundance of foraging bees, as well as their coabundance and impacts on canola yield. Under the conditions of the study, we did not observe significant variation between genotypes and sowing season on bee abundance and canola yield. We note that the impact of temperature and relative humidity are important predictors of abundance of A. mellifera and T. spinipes. The temperature and relative humidity effects, however, differed according to bee species. Coabundance patterns indicated no evidence of competitive exclusion. Higher canola yields were obtained when both bee species had high population abundance.","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139118858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139112886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139114217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139114273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139114533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139116534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139116945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139117308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap 开发实用的鹿蝇（双翅目：田蝇科）诱捕器：双层 Nzi 诱捕器的初步试验
The Canadian Entomologist Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2023.26
Steve Mihok
{"title":"Towards a practical trap for deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): initial tests of a bi-level Nzi trap","authors":"Steve Mihok","doi":"10.4039/tce.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A modified Nzi trap was tested at a residence and at a farm in eastern Ontario, Canada to better capture high-flying tabanids (Diptera) such as Chrysops Meigen. A new upper trap entrance was created to provide a higher and larger opening by reducing the front blue top shelf to half its height. To minimise escape of low-flying tabanids, a vertical inner baffle was added to direct low-flying tabanids up into the cone. Half of the tests of 18 new designs caught 1.5–2.7 times more deer flies than the Nzi trap did, with the other trap designs being as effective as the Nzi trap. The optimal design that maintained equal catches of other biting flies relative to the Nzi trap was one with a phthalogen inner horizontal shelf and a netting inner vertical baffle. This design is defined in the present as the “bi-level Nzi trap.” Chrysops entered the trap mostly through the top (88%; 17 spp.), along with Hybomitra Enderlein (94%; 12 spp.). Tabanus Linnaeus (9 spp.) entered through both entrances. The most abundant Tabanus, T. quinquevittatus Wiedemann, entered mostly through the bottom (70%), whereas Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus entered mostly through the top (92%).","PeriodicalId":209085,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Entomologist","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139118712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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