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Large Optical Nonlinearities in Hybrid Semiconductor Devices 混合半导体器件中的大光学非线性
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000588
D. Jäger
{"title":"Large Optical Nonlinearities in Hybrid Semiconductor Devices","authors":"D. Jäger","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000588","url":null,"abstract":"In hybrid semiconductor devices artificial optical nonlinearities can occur as a result of combined optoelectronic and electro-optical effects. The principle of such a two-step process is discussed in detail where basic structures as shown in Fig. 1 are considered. In particular, the device is assumed to exhibit firstly the properties of an optoelectronic photodetector, where optical power is absorbed to generate a photocurrent. Secondly, it is assumed that the same device simultaneously behaves as a modulator, where electrical signals control the optical output by using some electro-optical mechanisms. Obviously, both properties are coupled by the photocurrent which finally leads to a self-interaction process. As a result, a self-electro-optic effect occurs giving rise to an effective optical nonlinearity according to the following scheme As can be seen, an artificial optical nonlinearity is obtained which can electrically, i. e. externally be controlled.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125332777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Waveguides and Fibers for Nonlinear Optics 用于非线性光学的波导和光纤
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000652
G. Stegeman, R. Stolen
{"title":"Waveguides and Fibers for Nonlinear Optics","authors":"G. Stegeman, R. Stolen","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000652","url":null,"abstract":"Optical waveguides are ideal for nonlinear interactions because they provide strong beam confinement over long propagation distances. They are characterized by regions of high refractive index bounded by regions of lower refractive index. Examples of such waveguides are shown in Figure 1. Two-dimensional confinement is provided by optical fibers in cylindrical geometries and by channel waveguides in quasi-rectangular waveguides. Although planar waveguides provide guiding in one dimension, the beam can focus, defocus, and diffract in the plane of the film. The propagation distances in fibers are usually limited by material attenuation, with kilometers being typical for silica-based fibers. Although material losses can also limit propagation distance for integrated-optics waveguides, fabrication techniques invariably limit propagation distances to at most 10 cm, and more typically a few centimeters. The guided-wave fields extend into all of the waveguiding media. For example, for a planar waveguide, the fields are maximum inside the high-index region (film) and decay exponentially from the boundary into the low-index media. Hence nonlinear interactions can occur in any of the media defining the waveguide. However, the high-index region carries most of the guided-wave power and hence, with the exception of a few cases that require strong nonlinearities in the bounding media, nonlinear interactions are optimized when the nonlinearity occurs inside the high-index medium.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123239298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 232
Exceptionally Large Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity of the Organic Charge-Transfer Complex 有机电荷转移配合物的超大三阶光学非线性
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000703
T. Gotoh, Toshiyuki Kondoh, K. Egawa, K. Kubodera
{"title":"Exceptionally Large Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity of the Organic Charge-Transfer Complex","authors":"T. Gotoh, Toshiyuki Kondoh, K. Egawa, K. Kubodera","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000703","url":null,"abstract":"Much effort has been devoted to a search for material having a large third-order optical nonlinearity sufficient to realize ultra-fast optical signal processing and optical computing etc. π-conjugated organic materials, especially conductive polymers such as polydiacetylenes, seem to attract a principal interest in this field because of their fast responces and large optical nonlinearities.1) Those known materials put origin of their optical nonlinearities on intramolecular electronic polarization. Our own scope is, however, that supramolecular electronic polarization is possibly an efficient origin of optical nonlinearity.2)","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130451336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
Applications Requirements for Nonlinear Optical Devices and the Status of Organic Materials 非线性光学器件的应用需求与有机材料的现状
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000685
G. Boyd
{"title":"Applications Requirements for Nonlinear Optical Devices and the Status of Organic Materials","authors":"G. Boyd","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000685","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the history of organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials has involved measurements and calculations of intrinsic NLO properties, motivated by the promise of device applications1. The requirements of NLO devices are used here to assess the status of organic materials and suggest research directions.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124156912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Cross-phase Modulation and Induced-focusing of Optical Nonlinearities in Optical Fibers and Bulk Materials 光纤和块状材料中光学非线性的交叉相位调制和诱导聚焦
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000824
R. Alfano, P. Baldeck, P. Ho, G. Agrawal
{"title":"Cross-phase Modulation and Induced-focusing of Optical Nonlinearities in Optical Fibers and Bulk Materials","authors":"R. Alfano, P. Baldeck, P. Ho, G. Agrawal","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000824","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-phase modulation (XPM) and induced-focusing occur when copropagating ultrafast pulses interact in a nonlinear Kerr medium.1-16 XPM effects are being investigated as a new technique to control with femtosecond time response the spectral, temporal and spatial properties of ultrafast pulses. This talk will review our most recent results obtained on XPM and induced-focusing in optical fibers and bulk materials.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114555472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 43
Scaling Law For Molecular Hyperpolarizabilities 分子超极化率的标度定律
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000830
D. Shelton
{"title":"Scaling Law For Molecular Hyperpolarizabilities","authors":"D. Shelton","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000830","url":null,"abstract":"A scaling law for molecular hyperpolarizabilities is derived and is shown to accurately describe the measured hyperpolarizabilities for an assortment of small atoms and molecules.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124300914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Optical Nonlinearities Due to Carrier Transport in Semiconductors 半导体中载流子输运引起的光学非线性
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000579
E. Garmire, N. Jokerst, A. Kost, A. Danner, P. Dapkus
{"title":"Optical Nonlinearities Due to Carrier Transport in Semiconductors","authors":"E. Garmire, N. Jokerst, A. Kost, A. Danner, P. Dapkus","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000579","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new class of optical nonlinearities which can be important in semiconductors. This nonlinearity relies on the motion of optically-excited carriers due to internal fields within the semiconductor. Such fields can exist. for example. in semiconductor depletion regions. The charge motion sets up a resultant space charge which acts opposite to the internal fields, reducing their value. The resultant decrease in electric field changes the absorption and/or refractive index through electro-absorption, electro-refraction, electro-optic effect or quantum confined Stark effect, depending on the geometry. To understand these new nonlinearities, we draw from concepts of photorefractivity, n-i-p-i structures, the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) in multiple quantum wells (MQW), and relations to the self-electro-optic effect device (SEED).","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121932923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Size-Distribution Dependence of Optical Properties of Semiconductor Microparticle Composites* 半导体微粒复合材料光学性质的尺寸-分布依赖性*
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000818
P. Persans, A. Tu, Y. J. Wu, M. Lewis
{"title":"Size-Distribution Dependence of Optical Properties of Semiconductor Microparticle Composites*","authors":"P. Persans, A. Tu, Y. J. Wu, M. Lewis","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000818","url":null,"abstract":"We shall report the results of structural and optical studies of semiconductor microparticle composites consisting of small (<20nm) CdS\u0000 x\u0000 Se1−\u0000 x\u0000 crystallites embedded in a glassy matrix1. Recent studies2–4 have shown this class of materials to have large third-order optical susceptibility with fast response time (< 20ps), therefore it is of great interest for nonlinear optical applications. Before we can assess the fundamental limitations and ultimate promise for these materials it is necessary to increase the base of information relating optical and electronic properties to structural properties such as crystal size, strain, defects, and composition. Surprisingly little work has been published in this area5,6.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 39
Intrinsic Brillouin Linewidths and Stimulated Brillouin Gain Coefficients in Glasses studied by Inelastic Light Scattering 用非弹性光散射研究玻璃中的本征布里渊线宽和受激布里渊增益系数
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000833
L. Hwa, J. Schroeder, X. Zhao
{"title":"Intrinsic Brillouin Linewidths and Stimulated Brillouin Gain Coefficients in Glasses studied by Inelastic Light Scattering","authors":"L. Hwa, J. Schroeder, X. Zhao","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000833","url":null,"abstract":"Rayleigh–Brillouin scattering measurements on various multicomponent halide glasses and some selected oxide glasses were done. The Brillouin linewidth measurements, the Brillouin intensities and frequency shifts allowed the calculation of phonon attenuation, Pockels' elastooptic coefficients and the Stimulated Brillouin scattering gain coefficients. Brillouin linewidths obtained experimentally range between the limit of 52MHz for a BeF2 glass and 213MHz for a Zirconium–Barium–Lanthanium–Fluoride glass.1 The parameter obtained in the above study shows that the threshold power for the onset of Stimulated Brillouin scattering in some halide glasses is greater than that for silicate glasses, which has important ramifications as a selection criterion for halide based glasses as single mode optical waveguide materials.2","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115295294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Reverse Saturable Absorbers: Indanthrone and Its Derivatives 反饱和吸收剂:丹参王座及其衍生物
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000772
R. Hoffman, K. A. Stetyick, R. Potember, D. McLean
{"title":"Reverse Saturable Absorbers: Indanthrone and Its Derivatives","authors":"R. Hoffman, K. A. Stetyick, R. Potember, D. McLean","doi":"10.1364/JOSAB.6.000772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.000772","url":null,"abstract":"Indanthrone has been shown to exhibit the phenomenon of reverse saturable absorption.1 We have synthesized several derivatives of the parent compound which have proved to be more efficient reverse saturable absorbers than the indanthrone itself.","PeriodicalId":208307,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125183292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 44
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