PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Main Trends and Challenges of Socio-Economic Development in H1 September 2018","authors":"V. Gurevich","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3250690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3250690","url":null,"abstract":"Two, virtually opposite, trends have developed in the Russian economy early in September. The former refers to disclosure of plans for launching new, mostly infrastructural, megaprojects, while the latter is that the Bank of Russia has recognized publicly that it may raise the key interest rate.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132383720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Czech Privatisation 25 Years Later","authors":"M. Loužek","doi":"10.1111/twec.12714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12714","url":null,"abstract":"Privatisation is still a hot political topic today and divides economists as well as politicians and the general public. The paper aims to capture the Czech privatisation in its historical, economic and political contexts. The first part explains the difference between transitional privatisation and standard privatisation. The second part examines the interests in the privatisation process. The third part discusses the privatisation methods used in the Czech Republic. The fourth part offers an international comparison.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"10 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123645940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Development Policy: Deindustrialization, Servicification and Structural Transformation","authors":"Manoj Atolia, Prakash Loungani, Milton H. Marquis, C. Papageorgiou","doi":"10.5089/9781484377499.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484377499.001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes a fresh look at the current theories of structural transformation and the role of private and public fundamentals in the process. It summarizes some representative past and current experiences of various countries vis-a-vis structural transformation with a focus on the roles of manufacturing, policy, and the international environment in shaping the trajectory of structural transformation. The salient aspects of the current debate on premature deindustrialization and its relation to a middle-income trap are described as they relate to the path of structural transformation. Conclusions are drawn regarding prospective future paths for structural transformation and development policies.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121328617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Local Impact of Containerization","authors":"L. Brooks, Nicolas Gendron-Carrier, Gisela Rua","doi":"10.17016/FEDS.2018.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2018.045","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how containerization impacts local economic activity. Containerization is premised on a simple insight: packaging goods for waterborne trade into a standardized container makes them dramatically cheaper to move. We use a novel cost-shifter instrument -- port depth pre-containerization -- to contend with the non-random adoption of containerization by ports. Container ships sit much deeper in the water than their predecessors, making initially deep ports cheaper to containerize. Consistent with New Economic Geography models, we find that counties near container ports grow an additional 70 percent from 1950 to 2010. Gains predominate in counties with initially low population density and manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127396050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and Local Challenges and Opportunities for Taiwan","authors":"L. Lau","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3202555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3202555","url":null,"abstract":"There are both global and local challenges for Taiwan during the next several decades. Taiwan must think, plan, and act long-term. It must adopt a rational and sustainable strategy that takes into account changes in the world (for example, the rise of the Mainland), focuses on its own long-term best interests, and transcends short-term domestic political differences. There are also opportunities for Taiwan. Taiwan must decide where it wants to be, and where it expects to be, in, say, 2035 or 2050. It must decide what can be achieved and what cannot and act accordingly. It is best to focus on developing the economy and promoting peace.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132327005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Differences that Matter: Development and Divergence in US States Over 1850-2010","authors":"P. Mealy, J. Farmer, R. Hausmann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3235193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3235193","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the differences between rich and poor places is complicated by the fact that places differ from each other in numerous ways. In this paper, we show how a dimension reduction algorithm can unveil hidden patterns in US census data and consistently yield useful insights into the type of economic activities that separate rich and poor states over 160 years of development history. Moreover, we find this approach has a unique ability to shed light on the dynamics of evolving landscapes and changes in relevance of particular types of activities, such as the shift from manufacturing to high skill services that occurred in the US over the last 40 years. Our results have important implications for the decline of the rustbelt and the reversal of US regional income convergence from 1980 onwards.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116071970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Production of Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Human Capital in the Global Economy","authors":"Chong Xiang, S. Yeaple","doi":"10.3386/W24524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W24524","url":null,"abstract":"A country’s welfare depends on its ability to accumulate cognitive and noncognitive human capital. However, we do not fully understand what makes some countries successful at producing human capital and even struggle with measurement. e.g. international test scores are informative about the cognitive dimension but neglect the non-cognitive dimension. In this paper, we develop a multi-country, open-economy general-equilibrium framework in which countries’ ability to turn resources into human capital along the cognitive and non-cognitive dimensions is revealed by the endogenous educational and occupational choices of its citizens and their subsequent performance on international exams. Our model allows us to estimate countries’ underlying productivities of cognitive and non-cognitive human capital. We find that high test scores do not necessarily imply high cognitive productivities (e.g. Switzerland, Hong Kong) and that many countries with low test scores have high non-cognitive productivities (e.g. the U.S. and U.K.). We then aggregate over these two dimensions to construct a single educational quality index, and illustrate its intuition using an iso-education-quality curve. We use our model to decompose variation in output per capita across countries into a component involving the educational quality index and another involving output TFP. This exact decomposition shows that the differences in cognitive and noncognitive productivities across countries have large implications for differences in output per worker. These results help quantify the potential payoffs of education policies and clarify their objective; e.g. excessive attention to test scores may decrease aggregate output. International trade plays an important role in our model because the gains from trade help to compensate a country for uneven productivity across human capital types. In counterfactual exercises, we show that if barriers to trade are completely eliminated, we would obtain a very different iso-education-quality curve. This implies large improvements of overall education quality, and large gains from trade, for the countries with strong comparative advantages in producing cognitive (e.g. S. Korea would gain 30.1% to 44.1% of its output) or non-cognitive human capital (e.g. the Netherlands would gain 18.8% to 55.6%).","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128938526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Development and Inclusion in the Caribbean","authors":"Chuanbin Li, J. Wong","doi":"10.5089/9781484345306.001.A001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484345306.001.A001","url":null,"abstract":"Many Caribbean financial systems are relatively well developed for their size but benefits are concentrated in a small part of the population. In several large countries, the financial development levels are below what is warranted by that country’s own macroeconomic fundamentals. SMEs, in particular, remain severely credit constrained, and data to inform better analysis remains scarce. Using available data, this paper takes stock of the current state of financial development and inclusion in the Caribbean region and, based on a quantitative general equilibrium model, examines potential trade-offs between growth, inequality, and financial stability—all critical considerations when policies are designed. A case study for Jamaica is examined in detail.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123671761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Bad Jobs’ Recovery? European Job Quality Index 2005-2015","authors":"Agnieszka Piasna","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3103624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3103624","url":null,"abstract":"This new Working Paper offers a detailed look at the quality of jobs held by European workers, and shows what aspects of work improved or deteriorated over the last decade. It updates the European Job Quality Index (JQI) – a measure that encompasses a broad range of work and employment characteristics, including wages, non-wage aspects of employment and work organisation, and collective interest representation. The results indicate a decline in non-wage job quality over the past decade and sluggish real wage growth in the years following the crisis. There is great variation across EU member states, with an indication of deepening polarisation on some dimensions of job quality. Moreover, the paper points to a strong positive relationship between job quality and job quantity in the EU.","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127672464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Human Potential and Its Role in Business Development","authors":"R. Dumitru","doi":"10.26458/1745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26458/1745","url":null,"abstract":"Through its object of activity, an economic organization has the role to efficiently use the means of production that it possesses in terms of the full utilization of the production capacities, of a high quality of the products and of obtaining profit. Companies need their human, material, financial, informational resources etc., resources that they have at a certain moment in order to accomplish the mission and strategic objectives around which their entire activity revolves. Although technical progress has substantially reduced man's presence in some production processes, no economic process has been noticed at any stage in the evolution of humanity that can replace by man's contribution. On the contrary, this involvement becomes more and more substantial, as man conceives and produces the productive apparatus necessary to meet his ever more diverse needs","PeriodicalId":208134,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Domestic Development Strategies (Topic)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114546887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}