{"title":"A new solution to waveguide excitation suppressing the effects of the radiated field. Application to the Y-junction","authors":"P. Gerard, A. Morand, P. Lemaître-Auger","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/005","url":null,"abstract":"When an integrated optical component is asymmetrically excited, a radiated field is generated. Most of the time, the energy carried by the radiated field is lost. However, with high-level integration structures, this field can couple back into another waveguide and then disturb the operating conditions of the whole component. An original waveguide geometry that rapidly removes this radiated field is thus proposed here. The study of a specific Y-junction shows that it is possible to reduce by a factor of at least 30 the length of the Y-junction's straight waveguide. Computer modelling was performed with the radiation spectrum method (RSM), a new beam propagation method, perfectly suited to dealing with the field coming from guided and radiation modes. It gives us a good physical understanding of the light propagation.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"35 1","pages":"667-683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74493170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CERENKOV SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION REVISITED : EXISTENCE OF PHASE MATCHING","authors":"R. Reinisch, G. Vitrant","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/011","url":null,"abstract":"We show that in Cerenkov second harmonic generation the phase-matching condition is not automatically satisfied. The new concept of a Cerenkov phase-matching surface is introduced and the expression of the Cerenkov phase-matching condition is derived. We also show that the Cerenkov scheme includes second harmonic generation at distributed couplers. For example, use of grating couplers leads to grating-assisted Cerenkov second harmonic generation. These are important results which modify the understanding of the physics underlying Cerenkov frequency doubling.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"59 1","pages":"747-756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80258875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote monitoring of cloud parameters from ground-based FTIR measurements","authors":"J. Thériault, L. Bissonnette, G. Roy","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/023","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a method for the evaluation of cloud temperature and transmittance from ground-based measurements of the downwelling spectral radiance is proposed. The method uses the strong emission band of ozone at , which constitutes a natural source of IR radiation for probing clouds. Temperature and transmittance are derived from the cloudy-sky radiance measured in two narrow spectral channels: the first one is approximately at the centre of the ozone band at and the second one is off the band at . The cloud parameters are found by solving a system of equations requiring, as input, an estimate of the cloud height and thickness obtained from lidar returns, and of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles. The validation tests performed on experimental spectra demonstrate the accuracy of the method with typical temperature errors smaller than 2 K for the spectral measurements coincident in time with the lidar measurements. Finally, the main sources of limitations to the method are identified and analysed.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"50 1","pages":"889-905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77446616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Naydenova, T. Petrova, N. Tomova, V. Dragostinova, L. Nikolova, T. Todorov
{"title":"Polarization holographic gratings with surface relief in amorphous azobenzene containing methacrylic copolymers","authors":"I. Naydenova, T. Petrova, N. Tomova, V. Dragostinova, L. Nikolova, T. Todorov","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/009","url":null,"abstract":"Two types of high-efficiency amorphous methacrylic azobenzene polymer for reversible holographic storage are synthesized. It is shown that their efficiency is due to both photoinduced linear birefringence and surface relief. The contributions of these two effects on the diffraction efficiency of the holographic gratings are separated using the methods of polarization holography and it is found that they are strongly influenced by the differences in the chemical structure of the polymers. It is shown that higher relief corresponds to stronger coupling between the azobenzene side chains and the main chains of the polymer molecules.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"15 1","pages":"723-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75204561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enlarged shift of light frequency in a modified Bragg cell","authors":"V. Torchigin, A. Torchigin","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/013","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic light interaction in a slightly modified Bragg cell in the form of a truncated pyramid is considered theoretically. It is shown that the duration of the interaction can be increased by a factor of . The ultrasonic wave not only modulates the light wave in space but can also significantly increase its frequency and energy. Properties of moving optical resonators formed by the ultrasonic wave in the cell in relation to its taper and the intensity of the ultrasonic wave, optimal regimes of the interaction, maximally possible frequency shift, physical mechanisms responsible for the frequency shift, and possible generalization of the cell are considered.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"78 1","pages":"763-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85527639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical model for the temporal dynamics in photorefractive two-wave mixing","authors":"Q. Zou","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/014","url":null,"abstract":"We present our theoretical investigations into the formalism of the transient effects during photorefractive two-wave mixing. An analytical model has been developed based on Kukhtarev's band-transport equations and on the linearization approximation. The physical phenomena involved during transients have been predicted for both drift and diffusion mechanisms. Good agreement is found when our model is compared with previous works, especially with the experimental measurements performed with BSO crystals by Heaton and Solymar.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"84 1","pages":"783-794"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73238742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement of the spin-redirection phase using Pancharatnam's theorem","authors":"K. Siebert, E. Frins, W. Dultz","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/012","url":null,"abstract":"A Michelson interferometer is presented which enables a direct measurement of Berry's geometric phase (spin-redirection phase) resulting from light propagating through a helically wound optical single-mode fibre. The operation of the interferometer is interpreted in terms of Pancharatnam's theorem. In addition, we put the spin-redirection phase into the context of Pancharatnam's phase.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"30 1","pages":"757-762"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72870782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling third harmonic generation from micro-droplets","authors":"D. Carroll, X. Zheng","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/002","url":null,"abstract":"The standard Green function method is used to model the spatial and angular distributions of THG scattering by micro-droplets. These distributions are found to depend critically on the size of the droplets. However, the THG peaks around and are of comparable magnitudes and stable. These results are compared with experimental observations and the prediction of the surface charge model.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77456768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote sensing of gas emissions on natural gas flares","authors":"R. Haus, R. Wilkinson, J. Heland, K. Schäfer","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/020","url":null,"abstract":"Emissions from operational natural gas flares are examined by a remote sensing technique using a commercial moderate-resolution Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. The thermal radiation emitted by the post-combustion gas is analysed to determine plume temperatures and concentrations of and . The multicomponent air pollution software (MAPS) is applied which is based on radiative transfer line-by-line calculations and least-squares fit procedures. Emission rates and combustion efficiencies are calculated which indicate that the local environmental impact of methane emissions from natural gas flares is small, while significant amounts of carbon dioxide are released.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"219 1","pages":"853-862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77072209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Hizanidis, B. Malomed, H. Nistazakis, D. Frantzeskakis
{"title":"LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Stabilizing soliton transmission by third-order dispersion in dispersion-compensated fibre links","authors":"K. Hizanidis, B. Malomed, H. Nistazakis, D. Frantzeskakis","doi":"10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/003","url":null,"abstract":"By means of systematic numerical simulations of pulse (soliton) transmission through a very long nearly dispersion-compensated nonlinear fibre link, including third-order dispersion (TOD), we demonstrate that, for a fixed pulse width, there is a broad interval of values of the pulse's peak power in which TOD stabilizes the transmission. In particular, TOD prevents decay of the pulse in the case when the mean second dispersion is (weakly) normal, , and in the case where , TOD suppresses strong internal vibrations of the non-fundamental soliton, making it close to the fundamental one.","PeriodicalId":20787,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Optics: Journal of The European Optical Society Part A","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86674763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}