Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.最新文献

Qualitative Study on Family Health-Related Quality of Life Due to Pediatric COVID-19 Infection In Latvia 拉脱维亚小儿 COVID-19 感染所致家庭健康相关生活质量定性研究

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0008

Z. Pučuka, Anija Meiere, A. Ķīvīte-Urtāne, L. Smane, I. Stars, Ieva Roge, Iveta Račko, Lizete Kļaviņa, J. Pavare

引用次数: 0

Importance of Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care in Childbirth: Findings Over Time of the Imagine Euro Study on 40 WHO Standard-Based Quality Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latvia 产妇和新生儿分娩护理质量的重要性：拉脱维亚 COVID-19 大流行期间对 40 项基于世界卫生组织标准的质量衡量标准进行的 Imagine Euro 研究的长期结果

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0006

Anna Regīna Knoka, E. Pumpure, Asnate Matroze, Dārta Jakovicka, I. Mariani, Agnija Vaska, B. Covi, Emanuelle Pessa Valente, Gita Jansone-Šantare, Katrīna Paula Vilcāne, D. Rezeberga, M. Lazzerini

{"title":"Importance of Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care in Childbirth: Findings Over Time of the Imagine Euro Study on 40 WHO Standard-Based Quality Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latvia","authors":"Anna Regīna Knoka, E. Pumpure, Asnate Matroze, Dārta Jakovicka, I. Mariani, Agnija Vaska, B. Covi, Emanuelle Pessa Valente, Gita Jansone-Šantare, Katrīna Paula Vilcāne, D. Rezeberga, M. Lazzerini","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The objectives of the study were to investigate the quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) from the view of mothers who gave birth in a healthcare facility during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia. An online questionnaire survey was conducted in Latvia from 1 March 2020 to 28 October 2021, which was based on 40 World Health Organisation (WHO) Standard-based Quality measures. In addition, descriptive and multivariate quantile regression analyses were performed to compare the years 2020 and 2021. A total of 2079 women participated in the study, of whom 833 gave birth in 2020 — of them, 648 had a vaginal delivery, and 185 had a cesarean section, and 1205 women gave birth in 2021, 979 with a vaginal delivery, and 226 with a cesarean section. A lower QMNC during the COVID-19 pandemic was reported by 29.8% and 24.5% of respondents in 2020 and 2021. The total QMNC Index was notably higher in 2021 compared to 2020. This study showed essential gaps in the QMNC in Latvia perceived by mothers, while observing a slight increase in quality in 2021. Therefore, strategies to improve mothers’ and newborns’ health care should be introduced as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of COVID-19 on Coverage of Dental Services in Latvia COVID-19 对拉脱维亚牙科服务覆盖面的影响

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0005

I. Maldupa, E. Senakola, A. Brinkmane, A. Ķīvīte-Urtāne, Sergio E. Uribe

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on Coverage of Dental Services in Latvia","authors":"I. Maldupa, E. Senakola, A. Brinkmane, A. Ķīvīte-Urtāne, Sergio E. Uribe","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health decisions on dental services. A retrospective study was conducted using secondary data on dental services (2019–2021). Data were obtained from the Latvian National Health Service and the Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and analysed using descriptive statistics and data visualisation methods. In the first wave of COVID-19, the frequency of routine dental services decreased by 81.6% at the patient level, which coincided with the restrictions imposed as public health measures. The amount of regular dental manipulations returned to its previous level immediately after lifting restrictions. Still, they decreased to a more moderate extent (not exceeding 25% decline) with the beginning of the second wave. We observed a decrease in all manipulations, regardless of their aerosol-generating risk, and no increase in preventive manipulations that could be performed without any physical contact. We conclude that the most significant decrease in the availability of services was directly linked to existing public health measures. It seems that these measures allowed time to adapt the clinics to the new sanitary requirements, further ensuring continuity of service provision.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying Section 140 Paragraph 71 of the Criminal Procedure Law of the Republic of Latvia During the COVID-19 Pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间适用拉脱维亚共和国《刑事诉讼法》第 140 条第 71 款

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0017

Liene Neimane

{"title":"Applying Section 140 Paragraph 71 of the Criminal Procedure Law of the Republic of Latvia During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Liene Neimane","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The goal of the legislator, by supplementing Article 140 of the Criminal Procedure Law of the Republic of Latvia with Part 7.1, was to make the regulation of criminal proceedings more efficient, to speed up the execution of investigative activities, as well as to facilitate the organisation of court work in connection with the planning of court sessions and the conduct of trials. During the spread of the COVID-19 infection, the mentioned article provided an opportunity for the achievement of epidemiological safety goals to conduct criminal procedural activities using a video conference. The article “Application of the procedure set out in Article 140, Part 7.1 of the Criminal Procedure Law during the COVID-19 pandemic” provides an insight into how the regulation of the criminal procedure, which has been streamlined in theory, is not used in practice, and during the spread of the COVID -19 infection, its use was not effective enough. According to the Author, the problem that has arisen in practice — insufficient use of the legal norm — is related to the insufficient knowledge of industry specialists, including the inability to apply a uniform interpretation of the legal norm.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of the COVID-19 Emergency State in the Latvian General Population with Depression and Distress on Changes of Patterns of Smoking and Psychoactive Substance Use 拉脱维亚普通人群中的 COVID-19 紧急状态对吸烟和精神活性物质使用模式变化的影响

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0012

I. Germanenko, J. Vrublevska, Konstantinos Ν Fountoulakis, E. Rancāns

{"title":"Effect of the COVID-19 Emergency State in the Latvian General Population with Depression and Distress on Changes of Patterns of Smoking and Psychoactive Substance Use","authors":"I. Germanenko, J. Vrublevska, Konstantinos Ν Fountoulakis, E. Rancāns","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The World Health Organisation warned that the COVID-19 pandemic could have psychiatric consequences, such as elevated levels of depression and increased alcohol and psychoactive substance use. On 12 March 2020, Latvia declared a state of emergency, which was repealed on 10 June 2020. A nationwide representative online study in the general population of Latvia was conducted from 7 to 27 July 2020. The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to determine the presence of distress/depression. A structured questionnaire was used to determine psychoactive substance use. The study sample included 2608 respondents. In the study population, prevalence of depression and distress was estimated to be 5.7% (95% CI 4.92–6.71) and 7.82% (95% CI 6.85–8.91), respectively. Patients with depression and distress smoked more tobacco than respondents without distress/depression. During the state of emergency, there were changes in smoking habits in patients with depression, in contrast with respondents without reported depressive symptoms, with a tendency to smoke either more (28% vs. 7.4%) or less (22% vs. 9.7%). Patients with distress smoked more than healthy patients (30.9% vs. 7.4%). Patients with depression and distress were significantly more likely to consume more alcohol during an emergency (14.0% and 17.7%). Patients with depression were more likely to use less alcohol during an emergency than healthy respondents (18.0% vs. 10.6%). There was no statistically significant difference in the use of other psychoactive substances among those who were depressed or in distress. Participants with depression were more likely to change their smoking habits during the state of emergency and to consume smaller alcohol amounts compared to participants without symptoms. Participants with distress smoked more and consumed larger alcohol amounts compared to healthy participants.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Case Reports on COVID-19 Outcomes During the Pandemic in Patients with Well-Managed HIV Infection in Latvia 关于拉脱维亚大流行期间管理良好的艾滋病毒感染者 COVID-19 结果的病例报告

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0015

Alena Soha, Renata Ņesterenko, Inga Azina, B. Rozentāle, J. Eglīte

{"title":"Case Reports on COVID-19 Outcomes During the Pandemic in Patients with Well-Managed HIV Infection in Latvia","authors":"Alena Soha, Renata Ņesterenko, Inga Azina, B. Rozentāle, J. Eglīte","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic with serious implications and open questions for all areas of medicine, including immunocompromised patients. In Latvia, as of the end of 2022, 229 new cases of HIV were registered, reflecting an incidence rate of 12.2 per 100,000 people. Despite the fact that immunocompromised patients are at risk of poor outcomes of COVID-19, there is currently no evidence that clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in people living with HIV (PLWH) differ from those in the general population, provided these patients have well-controlled immune status (CD4+ count > 200 and undetectable viral load). We report two cases of COVID-19, specifically the Delta variant, in male patients with well-controlled HIV infection who had received three vaccine doses against COVID 19. Both patients fully recovered within one week without complications, requiring no specific treatment. Considering the current published data and our observations, it can be assumed that the course of COVID-19 in vaccinated well-controlled HIV patients does not differ from the typical clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in the general population. It is necessary to decrease vaccine hesitancy among PLWH, as COVID-19 vaccination is a crucial measure to safeguard this segment of the population against poor outcomes of COVID-19 such as hospitalisation, the risk of long-term health problems, severe disease, and death).","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Disorders and Crime: An Introduction to Clinical Criminology 精神障碍与犯罪临床犯罪学导论

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0001

A. Kipāne

引用次数: 0

Outcomes of Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases in Latvia 拉脱维亚风湿病患者接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的结果

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0004

I. Buliņa, J. Zepa

{"title":"Outcomes of Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases in Latvia","authors":"I. Buliņa, J. Zepa","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The retrospective study for rheumatic disease patients was conducted between 27 December 2020 and 31 August 2021 at Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, in the largest centre of Rheumatology in Latvia with the aim of assessing the impact of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 for rheumatic disease patients. From the hospital’s local medical electronic system, we collected demographic data, disease activity, comorbidities, data regarding vaccines and their side effects for 422 rheumatic disease patients. Most of them, 377 (89.3%), had inflammatory arthritis or a rare rheumatic disease and the most common disease was rheumatoid arthritis 30.1%; 26.5% of all patients were in remission. csDMARDs (conventional synthetic disease modified antirheumatic drugs) were used in 47.2%, biological DMARDs in 51%, and immunosuppressive medicines in 4.2% cases. The most commonly used vaccine was BNT162b2, for 49.05% patients. The main side effect after vaccination was pain in the injection site, for 16.1% patients. 36.7% of patients had no side effects after vaccination. 8.7% of patients had a flare of disease after the vaccination process. The most common comorbidity was cardiovascular diseases, for 38.7% of patients. Mild side effects, and a small percentage of flare-up of a rheumatic disease demonstrated the safety of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in the rheumatic disease patient group.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship Between Attitude Towards Vaccination Against COVID-19 and Socialdemographic, Health-Related and Psychological Parameters Among Unvaccinated Hospital Employees in Latvia 拉脱维亚未接种疫苗的医院员工对接种 COVID-19 疫苗的态度与社会人口学、健康相关参数和心理参数之间的关系

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0011

Sintija Lielšvāgere-Endele, Jeļena Koļesņikova, Linda Nauzere, Inga Millere

{"title":"Relationship Between Attitude Towards Vaccination Against COVID-19 and Socialdemographic, Health-Related and Psychological Parameters Among Unvaccinated Hospital Employees in Latvia","authors":"Sintija Lielšvāgere-Endele, Jeļena Koļesņikova, Linda Nauzere, Inga Millere","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination of healthcare workers has a critical role in protecting them, the patients, and society. The aim of this study was to explore attitude factors related to COVID-19 vaccination of unvaccinated hospital employees in Latvia. Data were collected from March to May 2021 among the employees of nine hospitals. Overall, 355 respondents took part in the online survey. The respondents in this group ranged from 19 to 71 years old. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression found that sex, previous influenza vaccination, and psychological parameters, are related to more of an attitude of denial regarding vaccination among unvaccinated hospital employees. In conclusion, our study suggests that respondents without previous influenza vaccination, and having concern about the speed of vaccine production, distrust in recommendations of specialists, belief about not being a risk group, belief that the vaccine does not protect oneself and others, belief that COVID-19 is made up, and vaccines are a threat, are related to a more negative attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Factors Related to COVID-19 Preventive Health Behaviours Using a Health Belief Model 利用健康信念模型评估与 COVID-19 预防性健康行为有关的因素

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2024-0009

Valentīna Krūmiņa, K. Mārtinsone, V. Perepjolkina

{"title":"Assessment of Factors Related to COVID-19 Preventive Health Behaviours Using a Health Belief Model","authors":"Valentīna Krūmiņa, K. Mārtinsone, V. Perepjolkina","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Non-pharmaceutical interventions, including physical distancing, hand hygiene, mask wearing, are some of the most effective public health interventions against COVID-19 spread. Adoption of these measures can vary in different countries and even in different populations within a country. The goal of our study was to investigate factors that influence adoption of these preventive health behaviours in the Latvian population within the Health Belief Model framework, while also expanding on the models cues to action dimension by testing if evaluation of COVID-19-related government actions and belief in COVID-19 related conspiracy theories could be used as such. Our quantitative cross-sectional study that was carried out in Latvia before the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic included two samples of major population language groups (nLatvian = 452; nRussian = 190) and showed differences that could potentially improve adoption of preventive health behaviours in Latvia if regarded in informing and educating the public. It was also found that evaluation of COVID-19-related government actions has statistically significant impact on preventive health behaviour and could be used as cues to action within the HBM, while belief in COVID-19-related conspiracy theories had no association with preventive health behaviour.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140462793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0