European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal最新文献_第10页

Heterogeneity, Rigidity and Convergence of Labor Markets in the Euro Area 欧元区劳动力市场的异质性、刚性与趋同

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3267243

J. Maillard

{"title":"Heterogeneity, Rigidity and Convergence of Labor Markets in the Euro Area","authors":"J. Maillard","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3267243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3267243","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the welfare consequences of labor market convergence reforms for a large range of calibrations in a two-country monetary union DSGE model with search and matching frictions. The model features trade in consumption and investment goods, price stickiness, firing costs and is calibrated to reflect the structural asymmetries of flexible and rigid countries of the Euro Area in terms of size and labor market variables. Across steady states, convergence brings welfare gains for the rigid country and welfare losses for the flexible country in most situations. The higher the flexibility induced by the convergence, the higher the gains for the rigid country and the lower the losses for the flexible country. Taking into account the transition path brings results that are qualitatively similar, but have a lower magnitude in terms of welfare gains/losses. Indeed, wage bargaining has a short-term negative impact on the rigid country and a short-term positive impact on the flexible country. As such, I conclude that convergence in labor markets can lead to substantial welfare gains in a monetary union, but only if the implementation is carefully designed.","PeriodicalId":206501,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128203342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Assistance Services and Integrated Employment in Bulgaria 保加利亚的社会援助服务和综合就业

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3310523

V. Terziev

引用次数: 1

Crisis and Reorganization in Urban Dynamics: The Barcelona Case Study 城市动态中的危机与重组:巴塞罗那案例研究

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.5751/ES-10396-230406

Rafael de Balanzó Joue, Núria Rodríguez-Planas

{"title":"Crisis and Reorganization in Urban Dynamics: The Barcelona Case Study","authors":"Rafael de Balanzó Joue, Núria Rodríguez-Planas","doi":"10.5751/ES-10396-230406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10396-230406","url":null,"abstract":"We use the adaptive cycle theory to improve our understanding of cycles of urban change in the city of Barcelona from 1953 to present. Most specifically, we explore the vulnerabilities and windows of opportunity these cycles for change introduced in the release (?) and reorganization (?) phases. In the two recurring cycles of urban change analyzed (before and after 1979), we observe two complementary loops. During the front-loop, financial and natural resources are efficiently exploited by homogenous dominant groups (private developers, the bourgeoisie, politicians or technocrats) with the objective to promote capital accumulation based on private (or private-public partnership) investments. In contrast, the back-loop emerges from Barcelona's heterogeneous urban social movements (neighborhood associations, activists, squatters, cooperatives and NGOs), whose objectives are diverse but converge in their discontent with the status-quo of conservation (the K phase) and their desire for a \"common good\" that includes social justice, social cohesion, participatory governance, and wellbeing for all. The heterogeneity of these social networks (shadow groups) fosters learning and social innovation and gives them the flexibility that the front-loop's dominant groups lack to trigger change not only within but also across spatial scale (local community-based, neighborhood, city) and time dimensions, promoting a cross-scale process of revolt and stabilization, also known as Panarchy.","PeriodicalId":206501,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115524517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Public Sector Wage Gaps Over the Long-Run: Evidence from Panel Administrative Data 公共部门长期工资差距:来自小组管理数据的证据

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3286184

O. Bargain, Audrey Etienne, B. Melly

{"title":"Public Sector Wage Gaps Over the Long-Run: Evidence from Panel Administrative Data","authors":"O. Bargain, Audrey Etienne, B. Melly","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3286184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3286184","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase in national debts, pay freezes are imposed for several years in the public sector of some countries, at the risk of decreasing the quality of public services. Since public wage setting policies should account for relevant comparisons with the private sector, we provide novel evidence on the public sector wage gap throughout the wage distribution in France, taking a long-term perspective. We exploit a long administrative panel dataset (1988-2013) and suggest methodological innovations. We estimate the public sector premia/penalties on the unconditional wage distribution while accounting for quantile-specific fixed effects and a jackknife correction for the potential incidental parameter bias. We find that the public wage gap is broadly negative in France, with larger penalties at the top, which contribute to a compression of the wage distribution by the public sector. We show that this compression effect is partly concealed by the incidental parameter bias. Time changes in the wage gap over 25 years are consistently explained by a mix of political and business cycles. The unobserved skill gap between sectors reveals the extent of positive selection into public jobs. It tends to decline in the 1990s, a period characterized by the growth of public employment and a move towards less selective recruitment schemes. More critically, it totally disappears among top earners in the recent period, suggesting the detrimental effect of nominal wage freeze and the absence of performance-based remuneration among public sector executives.","PeriodicalId":206501,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124925265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Inequality, Reordering and Divergent Growth: Processes of Neighbourhood Change in Dutch Cities 不平等、重新排序和分化增长:荷兰城市的邻里变化过程

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3273723

Tal Modai-Snir, M. van Ham

引用次数: 0

Mortality Effects of Economic Fluctuations in the Selected Eurozone Countries 欧元区国家经济波动对死亡率的影响

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2980517

M. Seklecka, N. Lazam, A. Pantelous, Colin O’Hare

引用次数: 1

Do Litigants Settle When They Face Non-Reformist Judges? Evidence From French Labor Courts 当诉讼当事人面对非改革派法官时，他们会和解吗?来自法国劳动法庭的证据

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3305173

Umberto Nizza

{"title":"Do Litigants Settle When They Face Non-Reformist Judges? Evidence From French Labor Courts","authors":"Umberto Nizza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3305173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3305173","url":null,"abstract":"Are more cases settled when judges are elected among the most belligerent trade unions? In the specific case of French employment courts, the answer is broadly negative. This article provides evidence of the minor role that judges have on alternative dispute resolution in and out of court. Previous literature has suggested a potential bias in the functioning of these labor courts. Judges are appointed, with a national election, among trade unions’ members. Some syndicates use aggressive tactics in the pursuit of syndical policy objectives, and this belligerency might be conveyed in judicial decision-making. To address the endogeneity issue related to the measurement of this adversarial attitude, the paper relies on historical evidence to construct an instrumental variable and assess why settlements are so low. Indeed, much of the unwillingness of trade unions to achieve peaceful social dialogue is proven to be connected with the crisis triggered by a minuscule parasite, named phyllox �?era. Therefore, the final explanation might be that polarized courts convey an image of belligerency and support a full but long assessment of legal rights, encouraging the parties to wait for the judgment instead of anticipating its effects with conciliation.","PeriodicalId":206501,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127497065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants and Dynamics of Forced Migration to Europe: Evidence from a 3-D Model of Flows and Stocks 被迫迁移到欧洲的决定因素和动力:来自3-D流动和存量模型的证据

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3261693

Tilman Brück, Kai Dunker, Neil T. N. Ferguson, Aline Meysonnat, Eleonora E M Nillesen

{"title":"Determinants and Dynamics of Forced Migration to Europe: Evidence from a 3-D Model of Flows and Stocks","authors":"Tilman Brück, Kai Dunker, Neil T. N. Ferguson, Aline Meysonnat, Eleonora E M Nillesen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3261693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3261693","url":null,"abstract":"Violent conflict is a well-recognised driver of forced migration but literature does not usually consider the pull factors that might also cause irregular movements. In turn, the decision to leave and of where to go are rarely considered separately. This is in contrast to literature on regular international migration, which considers both push and pull factors. We contribute to these literatures by studying bilateral forced migration from multiple countries of origin to 28 European countries in the years either side of two \"migration crises\" – the wars in the Balkans and the Arab Spring. We pay attention to dynamics by analysing lagged flows and stocks of forced migrants and modelling their spatial distribution. We find that these partial adjustment and network effects are key pull factors, with employment rate in the destination country the only significant economic variable. In addition, we demonstrate that it is episodes of escalating conflict, rather than accumulated violence, that drives decisions to leave. Out-of-sample predictions indicate that if conflict in origin countries were to cease, forced migration would continue, albeit at a significantly reduced rate. Our findings suggest that past patterns of forced migration help shape future flows, that forced migration flows cannot easily be stopped by destination country policies, and that preventing conflict escalation is important for preventing forced migration.","PeriodicalId":206501,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131800988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Exploring Digital Time Measurement in the Public Sector: Labor Productivity and Service Quality in Home Care 探索公共部门的数字时间测量:家庭护理的劳动生产率和服务质量

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-08-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3242011

L. Persson, Henrik Jordahl

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Early Life Health on Later Life Home Care Use: The Mediating Role of Household Composition 早期生命健康对后期家庭护理使用的影响:家庭构成的中介作用

European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal Pub Date : 2018-08-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3238554

G. Bijwaard, R. Alessie, V. Angelini

引用次数: 0