{"title":"From Montague's Rules of Quantification to Minimal Recursion Semantics and the Language of Acyclic Recursion","authors":"Roussanka Loukanova","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-200","url":null,"abstract":"Moschovakis (2003-2006) developed a logical calculus of th e formal languageLλar of acyclic recursion, which is a type-theoretical work with many potential applications. On the implementation side, large -scale grammars for human languages, e.g. versions of HPSG, have been using semant ic representations casted in the feature-value language Minimal Recursion Sem antics (MRS). While lacking strict formalization, MRS represents successfull y ambiguous quantifier scoping. In this paper, we introduce the basic definitions of MRS by reflecting on possibilities for formalization of MRS with a version of the languageLλar.","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"16 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120918220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bortolussi, Andrea Sgarro, G. Longobardi, C. Guardiano
{"title":"How many possible languages are there?","authors":"L. Bortolussi, Andrea Sgarro, G. Longobardi, C. Guardiano","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126363176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syntax-Semantics Interface for Lexical Inflection with the Language of Acyclic Recursion","authors":"Roussanka Loukanova","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133061480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. G. Vilda, M. V. R. Biarge, Cristina Muñoz-Mulas, Luis Miguel Mazaira-Fernández, J. M. Ferrández
{"title":"Vowel-Consonant Speech Segmentation by Neuromorphic Units","authors":"P. G. Vilda, M. V. R. Biarge, Cristina Muñoz-Mulas, Luis Miguel Mazaira-Fernández, J. M. Ferrández","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-180","url":null,"abstract":"For the time being speech is still a much complex process far from being fully understood. To gain some insight on specific open problems in its automatic treatment (recognition, synthesis, diarization, segmentation, etc.) neuromorphisms and knowledge derived from the understanding on how the Auditory System proceeds may be of crucial importance. The present paper must be seen as in a series of preliminary work carried out trying to translate some of this understanding to solve specific tasks as speech segmentation and labelling in a parallel way to the neural resources found in the Auditory Pathways and Cortex. The bio-inspired (neuromorphic) design of some elementary units covering simple tasks as formant tracking or formant dynamics is exposed. In a further step it is shown how simply neural circuits employing these units may convey successful vowel-consonant separation independently of the speaker. The paper is completed with the discussion on how this processing may be used to develop specific applications as in Speech Segmentation and Diarization and in Speaker Characterization.","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114540411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lakshmanan Kuppusamy, A. Mahendran, Eric Villemonte de la Clergerie
{"title":"Modelling Intermolecular Structures and Defining Ambiguity in Gene Sequences using Matrix Insertion-Deletion Systems","authors":"Lakshmanan Kuppusamy, A. Mahendran, Eric Villemonte de la Clergerie","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-71","url":null,"abstract":"Gene insertion and deletion are considered as the basic operations in DNA processing and RNA editing. Based on these evolutionary transformations, a computing model has been formulated in formal language theory known as insertion-deletion systems. Recently, in [6], a new computing model named Matrix insertion-deletion system has been introduced to model various bio-molecular structures such as hairpin, stem and loop, pseudoknot, attenuator, cloverleaf, dumbbell that occur at intramolecular level. In this paper, we model some of the intermolecular structures such as double strand languages, nick languages, hybrid molecules (with R-loops), holliday structure, replication fork and linear hybridization (ligated) languages using Matrix insertion-deletion system. In [2], the ambiguity in gene sequence was defined as deriving more than one structure for a single gene sequence. Here, we propose a different view of understanding the ambiguity in gene sequences: A gene sequence is obtained by more than one way such that their intermediate sequences are different. We further classify the ambiguity into many levels based on the components axiom, string (order of deletion/insertion) and contexts (order of the used contexts). We notice that some of the inter and intramolecular structures obey the newly defined ambiguity levels.","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124084375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A computational model for linguistic complexity","authors":"P. Blache","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach contributing to the evaluation of linguistic complexity. Many different studies address this question. However, it remains very difficult to propose a precise evaluation on the basis of quantifiable criteria. The model we propose answers to this need thanks to an original representation of linguistic information by means of constraints. It brings together different complexity factors, coming from linguistic, psycholinguistic and computational domains.","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127822431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two views on crossing dependencies, language, biology and satisfiability","authors":"J. Castaño","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114844169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henning Christiansen, C. Have, O. Lassen, M. Petit
{"title":"Taming the Zoo of Discrete HMM Subspecies & Some of their Relatives","authors":"Henning Christiansen, C. Have, O. Lassen, M. Petit","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-28","url":null,"abstract":"Hidden Markov Models, or HMMs, are a family of probabilistic models used for describing and analyzing sequential phenomena such as written and spoken text, biological sequences and sensor data from monitoring of hospital patients and industrial plants. An inherent characteristic of all HMM subspecies is their control by some sort of probabilistic, finite state machine, but which may differ in the detailed structure and specific sorts of conditional probabilities. In the literature, however, the different HMM subspecies tend to be described as separate kingdoms with their entrails and inference methods defined from scratch in each particular case. Here we suggest a unified characterization using a generic, probabilistic-logic framework and generic inference methods, which also promote experiments with new hybrids and mutations. This may even involve context dependencies that traditionally are considered beyond reach of HMMs.","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129517079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Two Models in Bio-Inspired Computing: Membrane Systems and Networks of Evolutionary Processors","authors":"E. Csuhaj-Varjú","doi":"10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-762-8-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206420,"journal":{"name":"Biology, Computation and Linguistics","volume":"669 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120885849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}