Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society最新文献

{"title":"Urinary tract infection caused by bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract in children.","authors":"Yoko Takahashi, Takanori Funaki, A. Ishiguro, I. Miyairi","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1216166/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1216166/v1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis is rare and little is known about their clinical features and potential host risk factors. The aim of this study is to reveal their clinical characteristics.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on pediatric UTI due to S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus spp., or M. catarrhalis at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. Pediatric patients with diagnosed UTI between 2002 and 2020 were included. Patient demographics, laboratory data, and microbiological findings were extracted from their electronic medical records and the infectious disease surveillance system.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Among 46,332 urine samples, 76 bacteriuria (0.16%) and 22 UTI (0.05%) events due to the targeted species were identified (S. pneumoniae [n=7] and Haemophilus spp. [n=15]). Of the patients, 17 (85%) had underlying urinary tract abnormalities and 13 (60%) had vesicocutaneous fistula. All the UTI episodes caused by S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus spp. occurred after cystostomy. All the patients had satisfactory clinical outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Although S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus spp. are rare causes of UTI in children, they could be the true causative bacteria of UTI, particularly in the patients with urinary tract abnormalities and vesicocutaneous fistula. Thus, clinicians should not ignore these pathogens as contaminations in special population.","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123752512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early diagnosis of EBF1-PDGFRB-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"T. Ishihara, M. Watakabe, S. Ochi, Naohiro Akisada, K. Nogami","doi":"10.1111/ped.14955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125328439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment evaluation of genetic surfactant disorder with a high-flow nasal cannula.","authors":"M. Nogami, Soichiro Wada, Shuji Sai, T. Onda, Kazutoshi Cho","doi":"10.1111/ped.15004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134447313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 antibody titer correlates with the clinical course of myasthenia gravis.","authors":"Takayuki Mori, Atsushi Sato, A. Oka, O. Higuchi, M. Mizuguchi","doi":"10.1111/ped.14916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14916","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133637734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absent X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression in T cell blasts and causal mutations including non-coding deletion.","authors":"Shimaa Said Mohamed Ali Abdrabou,&nbsp;Nariaki Toita,&nbsp;Shin Ichihara,&nbsp;Yusuke Tozawa,&nbsp;Michiko Takahashi,&nbsp;Shin-Ichi Fujiwara,&nbsp;Toshifumi Ashida,&nbsp;Osamu Ohara,&nbsp;Tadashi Ariga,&nbsp;Atsushi Manabe,&nbsp;Mutsuko Konno,&nbsp;Masafumi Yamada","doi":"10.1111/ped.14892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) deficiency is one of inborn errors of immunity characterized by recurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mimicking Crohn's disease. The aim of this study is to make an accurate diagnosis of XIAP deficiency based on genetic and XIAP expression studies and to investigate endoscopic findings shared by patients with this disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four male patients with recurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and long-term refractory IBD were studied for the diagnosis of XIAP deficiency. Endoscopic findings of the four patients were also studied in parallel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>These four patients were diagnosed with XIAP deficiency based on the absent XIAP expression in cultured T-cell blasts. Sequence analysis of the responsible gene, XIAP, demonstrated two novel nonsense mutations of p.Gln114X and p.Glu25X, and a previously reported nonsense mutation of p.Arg381X. Although no mutations in the coding region were detected in the fourth patient, further studies demonstrated a novel 2,199 bp deletion encompassing non-coding exon 1, presumably affecting transcription and stability of XIAP mRNA. All of the patients eventually underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, leading to a complete or partial remission of IBD. These four patients shared an endoscopic finding of multiple wide and longitudinal ulcers with straight and non-raised edge in the colon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression in T-cell blasts could facilitate the diagnosis of this disease, especially with causal mutations in non-coding regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e14892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ped.14892","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39246347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of refractory chylothorax in the neonatal intensive care unit: A 22-year experience.","authors":"Yoshiaki Takahashi,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Kinoshita,&nbsp;Takashi Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yuhki Arai,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Ohyama,&nbsp;Naoki Yokota,&nbsp;Koichi Saito,&nbsp;Yu Sugai,&nbsp;Shoichi Takano","doi":"10.1111/ped.15043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim was to assess the therapeutic strategy of patients with chylothorax in a neonatal intensive care unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight infants with chylothorax were included in this study. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The mean gestational age and birthweight were 35.1 ± 3.5 weeks and 2,692 ± 791 g, respectively. Eighteen patients were diagnosed with congenital chylothorax; chylothorax occurred postoperatively in 10 patients. Chromosomal anomalies were diagnosed in 8 patients. Six patients received surgical therapy, such as pleurodesis, thoracic duct ligation, or lymphaticovenous anastomosis. Two patients required surgery due to resistance to pleurodesis. In surgically managed patients, the daily maximum amount of pleural effusion (mL)/bodyweight (kg) ratio was significantly larger than in non-surgically managed patients: 229.0 ± 180.5 versus 59.7 ± 49.2 mL/kg. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis of the daily maximum amount of pleural effusion/bodyweight ratio, the area under the curve was 0.889 when the cut-off value was 101 mL/kg, and the sensitivity was 0.8333 and the specificity was 0.8095 (P = 0.0059).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pleurodesis using OK432 could become a surgical first-line therapy for chylothorax even for neonates. It was important to initiate pleurodesis for refractory chylothorax at an earlier stage. A daily chylous effusion/bodyweight ratio of >101 mL/kg was a good predictor and seemed to be a useful parameter for prompt surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e15043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39564638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ethosuximide on atonic seizures with KCNB1 mutation.","authors":"Hiroki Hoshino,&nbsp;Fuyuki Miya,&nbsp;Mitsuhiro Kato,&nbsp;Hideaki Kanemura","doi":"10.1111/ped.14871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e14871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39575230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of Kawasaki disease with multiple pulmonary nodules of lymphohistiocytic proliferation.","authors":"Sayaka Matsuzaki,&nbsp;Ryuko Nakayama,&nbsp;Satoshi Yokoyama,&nbsp;Keigo Hamahata,&nbsp;Akira Yoshida","doi":"10.1111/ped.14978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14978","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e14978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39600326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia in a toddler with 6q25 microdeletion syndrome.","authors":"Junichiro Morota,&nbsp;Takashi Ishige,&nbsp;Makoto Suzuki,&nbsp;Yoshiko Igarashi,&nbsp;Takumi Takizawa","doi":"10.1111/ped.14751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e14751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39650813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for cefazolin-resistant febrile urinary tract infection in children.","authors":"Keita Nakanishi,&nbsp;Takahiro Okutani,&nbsp;Shinpei Kotani,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Kamoi,&nbsp;Sooyun Kim,&nbsp;Masayuki Yamane","doi":"10.1111/ped.15046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) is a common bacterial infection among children. This study investigated the risk factors for fUTI caused by cefazolin-resistant bacteria in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of patients with fUTI hospitalized between April 2014 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups based on the cefazolin susceptibility of the infection-causing bacteria: cefazolin-resistant and cefazolin-susceptible groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The records of 80 patients were evaluated. The median age was 5.0 months (range 0.5-119.4 months). Cefazolin-susceptible bacteria were detected in 60 patients (75.0%). Significant differences were noted between the cefazolin-resistant and cefazolin-susceptible groups regarding UTI-related antimicrobial prophylaxis and recurrence of UTI within 3 months (P = 0.0318 and P = 0.00876, respectively). However, no significant differences were observed between these two groups regarding renal anomalies, or UTI history. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the recurrence of UTI within 3 months was an independent, significant risk factor for cefazolin-resistant fUTI (odds ratio 3.81, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-13.5, P = 0.0388). Six patients who were empirically treated with antibiotics ineffective against the infection-causing bacteria recovered from fever before these antibiotics were switched to those effective against the infection-causing bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In children, a recurrence of UTI within 3 months is a risk factor for fUTI caused by cefazolin-resistant bacteria. Recognizing these risk factors before initiating fUTI treatment in children may support treatment with narrower-spectrum antibiotics, such as first-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefazolin).</p>","PeriodicalId":206308,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society","volume":" ","pages":"e15046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39697641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}