National Quail Symposium Proceedings最新文献

{"title":"Examination of an Anecdotal “October Disappearance” of Northern Bobwhite in the Rolling Plains of Texas Through Demographic Data","authors":"Jessica A. Mehta, Rowdy A. White, Joshua B. Luft, C. Dabbert","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09mn6t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09mn6t","url":null,"abstract":"Landowners and wildlife managers in the Rolling Plains ecological region of Texas, USA often report encountering northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) in summer but observe what they perceive as a decrease in quail by early to mid-fall. As most bobwhite research in the Rolling Plains is focused on either breeding season or overwinter survival and movement, researchers rarely record demographic data during this late summer and early fall period. We examined weekly survival probabilities of bobwhite (n = 244) across 7 sites in the western Rolling Plains Ecoregion from August to late November in 2016, 2017, 2019, and 2020. Bobwhites were captured and equipped with very high frequency (VHF) transmitters and tracked 1–5 times/week. We used Akaike’s Information Criterion adjusted for small sample sizes (AICc) to evaluate a suite of candidate models comparing survival among and between years and survival between individual weeks to determine whether an unreported population decrease occurred during the study years. Our comparison of weekly survival probabilities considered survival to be different if 95% confidence intervals did not overlap. Our best supported model held survival constant among years and allowed survival to vary week by week. All other models received little support (ΔAICc > 14.0). Examination of weekly survival probabilities failed to support a demographically driven hypothesis for decreased bobwhite observations from August to November. Though there was an observed decrease of weekly survival in the fourth week of September, it was not different than 16 of the 17 other weeks. We conclude that, for the years we measured, there was no support for a mass dieoff hypothesis. Factors outside survival (e.g., a change in bobwhite behavior) may be driving the difference in detectability between late summer and late fall in the Rolling Plains of Texas. Citation: Mehta, J. A., R. A. White, J. B. Luft, and C. B. Dabbert. 2022. Examination of an anecdotal “October disappearance” of northern bobwhite in the Rolling Plains of Texas through demographic data. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 9:177– 183. https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09MN6T","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129918065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationships between South Texas Northern Bobwhite Populations and Cecal Worms via System Dynamics","authors":"N. Traub, B. Turner, L. Brennan, A. Fedynich","doi":"10.7290/nqsp0910tz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp0910tz","url":null,"abstract":"Community ecology historically focused on plants and free-living organisms; however, problems such as defining habitat boundaries and obtaining adequate sample sizes arise when evaluating such communities. The unique nature of host-helminth systems allows parasite community ecologists to avoid these problems when testing ecological hypotheses. Unlike free-living communities that have artificially constructed boundaries, parasite communities have well-defined unambiguous boundaries within host individuals. Due to the inherently complex and dynamic nature of ecological systems, traditional experimental methods often require expensive, long-term trials beyond investigators’ time and resource budgets. Conversely, a system dynamics approach facilitates learning about such systems via simulation of ecosystem processes integrated with historical data (both quantitative and qualitative). Relatively few studies focus on parasites in South Texas, USA, although research on avian host-parasite systems has shown that parasites can potentially regulate host populations. The northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) is a game species of ecological, economic, cultural, and recreational importance in Texas that has been experiencing a long-term, widespread decline. To holistically examine the bobwhite-helminth system in South Texas, we created a system dynamics model capturing the feedback relationships between a South Texas bobwhite population, a grasshopper (family Acrididae) population, and the corresponding cecal worm (Aulonocephalus pennula) populations on a hypothetical 1,000-acre ranch in South Texas. The model structure, constructed in Vensim® PLE 7.2 software (Ventana Systems, Inc.), integrates the hypothesized biotic and abiotic drivers (precipitation, parasite load, insect abundance, and quail density) unique to the host-helminth system over 7 years (2012–2019). Our specific objectives were to 1) develop a working baseline model to replicate the synergistic population dynamics among bobwhite, grasshopper, and cecal worm populations and then 2) test hypotheses about each population’s boom-and-bust cycles resulting from environmental stressors (e.g., drought). Applications of the model can provide landowners and natural resource managers with a better understanding of the complex dynamics occurring among bobwhite, grasshopper, and cecal worm populations in South Texas. Citation: Traub, N. J., B. L. Turner, L. A. Brennan, and A. M. Fedynich. 2022. Exploring the relationships between South Texas northern bobwhite populations and cecal worms via system dynamics. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 9:193. https:// doi.org/10.7290/nqsp0910TZ","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130153926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Preemergence Herbicide Following Postemergence Control to Reduce Sericea Lespedeza in Old Fields Managed for Northern Bobwhite","authors":"Mark A. Turner, Bonner L. Powell, C. Harper","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09okto","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09okto","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124080890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Multiple Demographic Rates in Two Populations of Northern Bobwhite","authors":"Alexander L. Jackson, D. C. Sisson, Justin A. Rectenwald","doi":"10.7290/nqsp095w5n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp095w5n","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132468726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masked Bobwhite Recovery: The Need for a Multifaceted Approach","authors":"L. Johnson, M. Butler, Rebecca Chester, J. G. Goodwin, Grant M Harris, S. Sesnie, D. Wolfe","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09yuyh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09yuyh","url":null,"abstract":"Masked bobwhite (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi) is a critically endangered quail historically found in the Sonoran grasslands of southern Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico. Native populations of masked bobwhite may already be extinct in the wild, but captive populations exist in the United States at G. M. Sutton Avian Research Center (Oklahoma, USA), Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (Arizona, USA), and various zoos. The 47,000-hectare Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, located in south-central Arizona, was established primarily for reintroduction of this bird. Recovery efforts within the refuge boundary in the 1980s and 1990s were initially successful but suffered debilitating setbacks that ultimately resulted in failure. Substantial releases were suspended in 2005. Improved habitat restoration efforts and promising conditioning and release techniques led to the belief that reintroductions could again be attempted and successful. In 2016–2017 plans were developed to increase captive propagation and reinitiate release efforts. Releases began in 2018. Over-winter survival of birds released in 2018–2019 was encouraging, and reproduction of wild birds was documented in 2019. An existing base of wild birds established from these releases could help masked bobwhite populations recover in the state. Habitat restoration, better methods of rearing, release, and conditioning, and improved production from captive facilities also inspire hope that a full recovery of the species in Arizona is possible. Citation: Johnson, L. A., M. J. Butler, J. G. Goodwin, Jr., R. Chester, G. M. Harris, S. E. Sesnie, and D. H. Wolfe. 2022. Masked bobwhite recovery: the need for a multifaceted approach. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 9:167. https://doi. org/10.7290/nqsp09YuyH","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115738936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winter Diet of Montezuma Quail in Arizona and New Mexico","authors":"","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09z2ye","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09z2ye","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating the diet composition of Montezuma quail ( Cyrtonyx montezumae ) is fundamental for unveiling how food resources limit the species’ population size and may provide relevant tools for their harvest and habitat management. The objective of this research was to determine the composition and geographic variation of the winter diet of the Montezuma quail in Arizona and New Mexico, USA, from quail crops harvested during the hunting seasons of 2008–2017. In addition, we used beta regression analyses to determine the effect of environmental factors and ecological variables (annual mean precipitation, annual mean temperature, landscape diversity, diet diversity, time of hunt, longitude, latitude, and elevation) on Montezuma quail diet composition. We found that acorns ( Quercus spp.) and sedge rhizomes ( Cyperus fendlerianus ) are the most frequent food items of Montezuma quail in Arizona and New Mexico, respectively, followed by tepary beans ( Phaseolus acutifolius ), woodsorrel tubers ( Oxalis spp.) and insects in both states. Individual crop wet mass is positively associated with time of day during winter. Geographic variation in Montezuma quail diet composition in Arizona and New Mexico was associated with mean annual precipitation for acorns and with geographic variation in mean annual temperature for rhizomes and tubers of sedge ( Cyperus spp.). Geographic variation of other food items was not associated with those environmental factors. These functional relationships between the species’ diet and environmental factors suggest that Montezuma quail preference towards these two principal food items is subject to climatic control. Therefore, warmer and drier environments in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico may affect the species’ distribution through changes in food availability.","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128268263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Abundance and Diversity on Knoxville Wildlife Area in California Following the County Fire of\u0000 2018","authors":"Katherine S. Miller, Stacy Martinelli, Levi E. Souza","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09rkk5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09rkk5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130118732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simulation Model of Sustained-Yield Harvest for Northern Bobwhite in South Texas","authors":"Joseph P. Sands, S. Demaso, Fidel Hernández, L. Brennan, Matthew J. Schnupp, Trent W. Teinert, D. Rollins, Robert M. Perez","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09sgeq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09sgeq","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130918087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Montezuma Quail in the Edwards Plateau of Texas: Detection, Occurrence, and Habitat","authors":"Zachary J. Pearson, Eric D. Grahmann, F. Hernández, Robert M. Perez, L. Brennan, H. Perotto‐Baldivieso","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09iqgv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09iqgv","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127995446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral State-Specific Northern Bobwhite Chick Resource Selection","authors":"J. N. Hill, Theron M. Terhune II, J. Martin","doi":"10.7290/nqsp09w2jx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09w2jx","url":null,"abstract":"Determining resource selection rates for all life stages of a species is critical to enable a holistic management approach that focuses on bolstering populations across all life stages. Moreover, tying these selection rates to specific life history needs (e.g., foraging, roosting, and loafing) can provide valuable information to guide management practices. Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite), a gallinaceous species of North America, has experienced steady population declines throughout much of its range over the last 50 years. Although the species has been well studied, chick ecology is still relatively unknown. We studied bobwhite chick resource selection on a private property in Brunswick County, North Carolina, USA to better understand daily and within home range selection. The site was managed intensively for bobwhite using prescribed fire, seasonal mowing and disking, mesomammal control, and supplemental feeding. We radio-tagged 156 chicks 11–15 days of age from 29 unique broods and collected location data for nocturnal roost sites, daily movement tracks, and diurnal use sites during a 2-year span. We had selection models for 3 behaviors: roosting, foraging, and general movements within home range (thirdorder). All models were mixed-effects conditional logistic regression models under a Bayesian framework. We determined foraging behavior using a straightness index for daily track segments; more tortuous segments were designated as foraging locations. Upland pine stands (burned and unburned) were selected for foraging and roosting. Chicks were more likely to select areas closer to feedlines for roosting, foraging, and diurnal habitat; however, selection of these areas decreased as birds grew older. Chicks avoided fallow fields and hardwood drains or Carolina bays as roost site locations yet selected them as foraging habitat. Roosting birds avoided fallow fields as roost sites and instead selected areas adjacent to them. Probability of use for diurnal and roosting habitat decreased as distance to fallow fields increased. Our study results shed light on how circadian habitat use can vary and illustrate that one specific land cover may not provide ideal diurnal and nocturnal habitat for bobwhite chicks. The results also reinforce the need to provide resources that meet diurnal and nocturnal requirements within biologically reasonable distances from each other. Citation: Hill, J. N., T. M. Terhune II, and J. A. Martin. 2022. Behavioral state-specific northern bobwhite chick resource selection. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 9:72. https://doi.org/10.7290/nqsp09w2jX","PeriodicalId":205881,"journal":{"name":"National Quail Symposium Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129195635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}