SPIE Laser Damage最新文献

{"title":"Impact of particle shape on the laser-contaminant interaction induced damage on the protective capping layer of 1ω high reflector mirror coatings","authors":"S. Qiu, M. Norton, J. Honig, A. Rubenchik, C. Boley, A. Rigatti, C. Stolz, M. Matthews","doi":"10.1117/12.2195517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2195517","url":null,"abstract":"We report an investigation on the response to laser exposure of a protective capping layer of 1ω (1053 nm) high-reflector mirror coatings, in the presence of differently shaped Ti particles. We consider two candidate capping layer materials, namely SiO2 and Al2O3. They are coated over multiple silica-hafnia multilayer coatings. Each sample is exposed to a single oblique (45°) shot of a 1053 nm laser beam (p polarization, fluence ~ 10 J/cm2, pulse length 14 ns), in the presence of spherically or irregularly shaped Ti particles on the surface. We observe that the two capping layers show markedly different responses. For spherically shaped particles, the Al2O3 cap layer exhibits severe damage, with the capping layer becoming completely delaminated at the particle locations. In contrast, the SiO2 capping layer is only mildly modified by a shallow depression, likely due to plasma erosion. For irregularly shaped Ti filings, the Al2O3 capping layer displays minimal to no damage while the SiO2 capping layer is significantly damaged. In the case of the spherical particles, we attribute the different response of the capping layer to the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient of the materials, with that of the Al2O3 about 15 times greater than that of the SiO2 layer. For the irregularly shaped filings, we attribute the difference in damage response to the large difference in mechanical toughness between the two materials, with that of the Al2O3 being about 10 times stronger than that of the SiO2.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121517706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct comparison of statistical damage frequency method and raster scan procedure","authors":"G. Batavičiūtė, M. Ščiuka, V. Plerpaitė, A. Melninkaitis","doi":"10.1117/12.2195332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2195332","url":null,"abstract":"Presented study addresses the nano-size defects acting as damage precursors in nanosecond laser pulse irradiation regime. Defects embedded within the surface of glass are investigated in terms of defect ensembles. Damage frequency method and raster scan procedure are directly compared on the set of two samples: uncoated fused silica substrates and SiO2 monolayer films. The extracted defect ensembles appear to be different from each other. The limitations of compared methods such as pulse-to-pulse variation of laser intensity and sample contamination induced by laser ablation were identified as the main causes of observed differences.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"373 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122347405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refined metrology of spatio-temporal dynamics of nanosecond laser pulses","authors":"R. Diaz, R. Courchinoux, J. Luce, C. Rouyer, J. Rullier, J. Natoli, L. Lamaignère","doi":"10.1117/12.2195470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2195470","url":null,"abstract":"Seeded nanosecond Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers working with an unstable resonator and a variable-reflectivity-mirror are widely used for they represent useful sources for stable and repeatable light-matter-interaction experiments. Moreover, in most setups, the fundamental wavelength is converted to higher harmonics. When the injection seeder is turned off, random longitudinal mode beating occurs in the cavity, resulting in strong variations of the temporal profile of the pulses. The generated spikes can then be ten times higher than the maximum of equivalent seeded pulses. This strong temporal incoherence is shown to engender spatial incoherence in the focal plane of such unseeded pulses leading to an instantaneous angular displacement of tens of µrad. This effect is even more pronounced after frequency conversion.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131753378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat treatment of fused silica optics repaired by CO2 laser","authors":"T. Doualle, L. Gallais, P. Cormont, J. Rullier","doi":"10.1117/12.2194967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194967","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of high power laser applications, we study the effect of a heat treatment on CO2 laser mitigation of laser damage sites on fused silica samples. The isothermal annealing in a furnace is investigated and then compared to the local annealing by CO2 laser irradiation that is applied to enhance laser damage resistance on mitigated sites. Before and after isothermal annealing, we study the sites morphology, the evolution of residual stress and the laser-induced damage threshold measured at 355nm, 3ns. The results show that the initial laser damage probabilities were significantly improved after annealing at 1050°C for 12 hours. These results are compared to simulations with a thermo-mechanical model based on finite-element method.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121571785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser damage of calcium fluoride by ArF excimer laser irradiation","authors":"M. Azumi, E. Nakahata","doi":"10.1117/12.2192195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2192195","url":null,"abstract":"Artificially grown excimer grade calcium fluoride is one of key optical materials used in microlithography applications. Such calcium fluoride is required for optical components requiring high laser durability and laser induced bulk damage threshold (LIDT). The mechanical properties of calcium fluoride can vary depending on the crystal axis, <111>, <110> and <100>. For example, material hardness is highest in the {100} crystal orientation. Furthermore, it is also known to cleave in the {111} plane. Therefore there is a possibility of a property that originates in such a crystal structure that influences LIDT. In this study, we investigated the relationship between crystal structure, laser durability and LIDT. The influence in the relation between the polarization plane of the ArF excimer laser and the crystal orientation of calcium fluoride in regards to LIDT was examined. The samples were all prepared from the same CaF2 crystal with optical axis's of <111>, <110> and <100>. The azimuth of the samples was measured by the reflection Laue method. For the experiment, the samples were rotated to the polarization plane of the ArF excimer laser, and the change in the number of irradiation pulses that damage was observed and measured. As a result, we determined the position of the crystal orientation of the calcium fluoride relative to the polarization plane of the ArF excimer laser that produced the highest LIDT.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121585942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulk damage and absorption in fused silica due to high-power laser applications","authors":"F. Nürnberg, B. Kühn, A. Langner, M. Altwein, G. Schötz, R. Takke, S. Thomas, J. Vydra","doi":"10.1117/12.2194289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194289","url":null,"abstract":"Laser fusion projects are heading for IR optics with high broadband transmission, high shock and temperature resistance, long laser durability, and best purity. For this application, fused silica is an excellent choice. The energy density threshold on IR laser optics is mainly influenced by the purity and homogeneity of the fused silica. The absorption behavior regarding the hydroxyl content was studied for various synthetic fused silica grades. The main absorption influenced by OH vibrational excitation leads to different IR attenuations for OH-rich and low-OH fused silica. Industrial laser systems aim for the maximum energy extraction possible. Heraeus Quarzglas developed an Yb-doped fused silica fiber to support this growing market. But the performance of laser welding and cutting systems is fundamentally limited by beam quality and stability of focus. Since absorption in the optical components of optical systems has a detrimental effect on the laser focus shift, the beam energy loss and the resulting heating has to be minimized both in the bulk materials and at the coated surfaces. In collaboration with a laser research institute, an optical finisher and end users, photo thermal absorption measurements on coated samples of different fused silica grades were performed to investigate the influence of basic material properties on the absorption level. High purity, synthetic fused silica is as well the material of choice for optical components designed for DUV applications (wavelength range 160 nm - 260 nm). For higher light intensities, e.g. provided by Excimer lasers, UV photons may generate defect centers that effect the optical properties during usage, resulting in an aging of the optical components (UV radiation damage). Powerful Excimer lasers require optical materials that can withstand photon energy close to the band gap and the high intensity of the short pulse length. The UV transmission loss is restricted to the DUV wavelength range below 300 nm and consists of three different absorption bands centered at 165 nm (peroxy radicals), 215 nm (E’-center), and 265 nm (non-bridging oxygen hole center (NBOH)), which change the transmission behavior of material.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127718655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of optics damage growth at the National Ignition Facility","authors":"Z. Liao, M. Nostrand, P. Whitman, J. Bude","doi":"10.1117/12.2195515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2195515","url":null,"abstract":"Optics damage growth modeling and analysis at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) has been performed on fused silica. We will show the results of single shot growth comparisons, damage site lifetime comparisons as well as growth metrics for each individual NIF beamline. These results help validate the consistency of the damage growth models and allow us to have confidence in our strategic planning in regards to projected optic usage.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132604616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dedicated contamination experiments in the Orion laser target chamber","authors":"J. Andrew, J. Chevalier, D. Egan, A. Geille, J. Jadaud, J. Quessada, D. Raffestin, M. Rubery, P. Treadwell, L. Videau","doi":"10.1117/12.2194446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194446","url":null,"abstract":"The use of solid targets irradiated in a vacuum target chamber by focussed high energy, high power laser beams to study the properties of matter at high densities, pressures and temperatures are well known. An undesirable side effect of these interactions is the generation of plumes of solid, liquid and gaseous matter which move away from the target and coat or physically damage surfaces within the target chamber. The largest aperture surfaces in these chambers are usually the large, high specification optical components used to produce the extreme conditions being studied [e.g. large aperture off axis parabolas, aspheric lenses, X ray optics and planar debris shields]. In order to study these plumes and the effects that they produce a set of dedicated experiments were performed to evaluate target by product coating distributions and particle velocities by a combined diagnostic instrument that utilised metal witness plates, polymer witness plates, fibre velocimetry and low density foam particle catchers.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"9632 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131128717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lowering evaluation uncertainties in laser-induced damage testing","authors":"L. Jensen, Marius Mrohs, M. Gyamfi, H. Mädebach, D. Ristau","doi":"10.1117/12.2194944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194944","url":null,"abstract":"As a consequence of the statistical nature of laser-induced damage threshold measurements in the nanosecond regime, the evaluation method plays a vital role. Within the test procedure outlined in the corresponding ISO standard, several steps of data reduction are required, and the resulting damage probability distribution as a function of laser fluence needs to be fitted either based on an empirical regression function or described by models for the respective damage mechanism.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"104 Suppl 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115729661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test station development for laser-induced optical damage performance of broadband multilayer dielectric coatings","authors":"K. Kafka, E. Chowdhury, R. Negres, C. Stolz, J. Bude, A. Bayramian, C. Marshall, T. Spinka, C. Haefner","doi":"10.1117/12.2195786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2195786","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) testing was performed on commercially-available multilayer dielectric coatings to qualify for use in the High Repetition-Rate Advanced Petawatt Laser System (HAPLS) for Extreme Light Infrastructure Beamlines. Various tests were performed with uncompressed pulses (150 ps) from a 780 nm-centered Ti:Sapphire regenerative ampliflier, and the raster scan method was used to determine the best-performing coatings. Performance varied from 2–8 J/cm2 across samples from 6 different manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":204978,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Laser Damage","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123997468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}