PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE最新文献_第9页

Influence of systematic fertilizer on biological activity of gray forest soil 系统施肥对灰色森林土壤生物活性的影响

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.03.097

O. Litvinova, D. Litvinov, S. Dehodiuk, O. Dmitrenko

{"title":"Influence of systematic fertilizer on biological activity of gray forest soil","authors":"O. Litvinova, D. Litvinov, S. Dehodiuk, O. Dmitrenko","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.03.097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.03.097","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research on the biological activity of gray forest soil depending on the systematic use of organic and mineral fertilizers. It is established that effective reproduction of humus in gray forest soil is provided by organo-mineral (12 t of manure together with N80P60K80 application per 1 ha of crop rotation area) and organic (24 t/ha of manure), respectively 36,5 t/ha, and 35,6 t/ha. The application of only mineral fertilizers in the norm of N80P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area resulted in a decrease in humus reserves by 9 % relative to the initial level (32,4 t/ha). The highest degree of humification of organic matter provided the option of applying organic fertilizers (60 t/ha) both separately – 36,0% and compatible with mineral – (60 t/ha manure + N80P60K80) – 34 %. Prolonged use of organic and mineral fertilizers in crop rotation significantly increased the total number of microorganisms in the soil. The result was increased decomposition of organic matter and increased release of CO2 from the soil. The areas with the highest biological activity and CO2 intensity were characterized by areas where the soil was systematically enriched with fresh organic matter. The intensity of biological processes in the organo-mineral system increased by 67 % relative to the variant without fertilizers and by 30 % relative to the variant with only N80P60K80. The use of organic and mineral fertilizers in one system stimulated the process of decomposition of fiber – at the level of 78,5 %, which in percentage terms exceeded the value of the indicators obtained for a purely mineral fertilizer system.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89848562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of systematic fertilization on soil fertility when growing winter wheat 冬小麦系统施肥对土壤肥力的影响

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.04.060

O. Litvinova, S. Dehodiuk

{"title":"The influence of systematic fertilization on soil fertility when growing winter wheat","authors":"O. Litvinova, S. Dehodiuk","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.04.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.04.060","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of the systematic use of organic and mineral fertilizers on the parameters of fertility of gray forest soil and the formation of productivity of winter wheat. It was found that in a five-saw field crop rotation, the formation of ground backgrounds with different physical and chemical properties is observed. The application of bedding manure at a dose of 60 t on ha and against the background of moderate fertilization rates (N50-100P30-60K50-100) contributed to the neutralization of the soil solution to values of slightly acidic reaction (pH – 5,1), while in the absence of manure (mineral system fertilizers) pHcontinued to remain within the acidic reaction. The organic-mineral fertilization system (12 t on ha of manure + N100P60K100) and organic (12 t on ha of manure per 1 ha) turned out to be effective in terms of the humus of the soil regime, in accordance with the total humus content was 1,30 % and 1,32 % which in percentage terms is 18 % and 20 % higher compared to the option without fertilization – 1,10 %. Optimization of the parameters of the nutrient regime (mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium) of the soil at the end of the rotation was provided by the organo-mineral fertilization system (N100P60 K100 against the background of 60 t on ha of manure). A clear tendency to an increase (by 27 mg on kg) of the content of mobile potassium was determined, compensating for its constant deficiency in the soil, and by an increase of 38 % in mobile phosphorus. The highest productivity of winter wheat (5,45 t on ha) was provided by the organo-mineral fertilization system (60 t on ha of manure + N100P60K100), which is 78 % higher than the control (without fertilizers), under these conditions the greatest increase in protein was obtained – 0,63 t on ha.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83449298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stability of showing of biochemical traits of courgette fruits under different conditions of growing linear material 不同线材生长条件下西葫芦果实生化性状表现的稳定性

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.03.070

S. Kondratenko, T. Shevchenko, O. Sergienko, O. P. Samovol, Yu. M. Lancaster

{"title":"Stability of showing of biochemical traits of courgette fruits under different conditions of growing linear material","authors":"S. Kondratenko, T. Shevchenko, O. Sergienko, O. P. Samovol, Yu. M. Lancaster","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.03.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.03.070","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the development of organic vegetable growing in Ukraine, the topical issue of courgette breeding is the creation of varieties and hybrids of F1 with maximum adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of cultivation. The purpose of research is to identify genetic sources for the breeding of courgette with a stable manifestation of biochemical characteristics of the fruit. Breeding work was carried out with 20 lines of courgette of different geographical origin. Evaluation of linear genotypes was performed on the following indicators – general (GACi) and specific adaptive capacity (SACi), relative stability (Sgi), coefficient of ecological plasticity (bi) and selection value (BVGi). Courgette lines with a high content of dry matter, total sugar and vitamin C in fruits in the phase of technical ripeness have been created. Among them, 2 highly adaptive lines, which simultaneously exceeded the standard variety Chaklun in terms of dry matter content (4.46… 4.71%) and total sugar (2.77… 2.84%). Highly adaptive lines, better than the standard grade for the manifestation of one feature - the dry matter content – 1 line (4.58%), total sugar – 3 lines (2.72… 2.77%), vitamin C – 2 lines 14.93… 15.55 mg / 100 g). Low dependence on growing conditions at the same time on the manifestation of 2 traits (dry matter content and vitamin C in the fruit) was demonstrated by 3 lines (-1 Less than bi Greater than 1). The obtained lines are a valuable source material for the creation of varieties and hybrids of courgette F1, suitable for organic cultivation technologies with high quality fruits in the phase of technical maturity.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86841804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness of post-herbicides in soybean crops 大豆作物后置除草剂的有效性

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.04.043

O. Tsyuk, D. Marchenko

{"title":"The effectiveness of post-herbicides in soybean crops","authors":"O. Tsyuk, D. Marchenko","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.04.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.04.043","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on the effect of postemergence herbicides and their tank compositions on soybean weeds. It was found that the use of Miura allowed to reduce the level of total weediness of crops, at the time of harvest by – 75 78 %, the raw weight of weeds – by 19– 46 %. It is established that the use of the tank mixture Harmony – 3 g on ha + surfactant Trend 0,2 l on ha + Bazagran – 1.5 l on ha, afte 8-10 days Harmony – 5 g on ha and the use of anticereal drug Miura – 0,4 l on ga. With the introduction of such a tank mix, the death of dicotyledonous species a month after application reached 93 %, and the death of cereal weeds was – 84 %. The weight of those weeds that remained in the agrocenosis was 52 g on m2, which is 87 % less than the control. The use of Harmony – 8 g on ha + Bazagran – 1.75 l on ha and the anti-cereal product – Miura – 0,6 l on ha helped to reduce the total weediness of crops by 86 % a month after the application of herbicides. The death rate of dicotyledonous weeds was 83 %. The total weight of weeds before harvest decreased by 91 % compared to the control and was 62 g on m2.The maximum soybean harvest – 2,45 t on ha provided the use of a mixture of Harmony – 3 g on ha + surfactant Trend – 0.2 l on ha and Miura – 0.4 l on ha. Comparing yield were absent, this indicates that soybean yields inherbicide variants were lower.The studies herbicides and their compositions showed high selectivity to soybean plants. By reducing the level of weeding, they contributed to an increase in yield by 0,57–1,11 t on ha. Under conditions of mixed weeding, the following mixtures of post-emergence herbicides were the best: Harmony – 3 g on ha + Bazagran – 1,5 l on ha in 8-10 days Harmony – 5 g on ha and Miura – 0,4 l on ha; Harmony – 8 g on ha + Bazagran – 1,5 l on ha and Miura – 0,6 l on ha.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76767815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rootstocks combinations usage is a perspective method of increasing the productivity and quality of tomatoes using low-volume hydroponics method 砧木组合使用是利用小体积水培法提高番茄产量和品质的一种前景方法

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.04.078

O. Khareba, O. Tsyz, O. Khareba, V. Khareba

{"title":"Rootstocks combinations usage is a perspective method of increasing the productivity and quality of tomatoes using low-volume hydroponics method","authors":"O. Khareba, O. Tsyz, O. Khareba, V. Khareba","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.04.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.04.078","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato grafting has a considerable scientific and practical interest, because it promotes plant resistance to illnesses, pests, stress factors, improves nourishment conditions and as a result increases crop yields and contributes to the greening of cultivation. The study of this issue is actual for the indoor ground conditions, particularly, for growing in glass greenhouses using low-volume hydroponics method. Experiments for studying three indeterminate hybrids of tomatoes Torero F1, Barteza F1 and Merlice F1 with grafting on rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD-1 F1 і Emperador F1 were conducted in the “Venlo” type on Private Joint Stock Company «Сombinat «Teplychnyy» («Комбінат «Тепличний»). The main goal of the experiments was to find out the efficiency of varietal-rootstocks combinations on the inderterminate hybrids F1 tomato. Consequently, the usage of rootstocks promotes the increase in early yield in all options. Significantly higher yield compared to the plants that were not rootstocked during all the years of research, was gotten from the Toreto F1 hybrid on the TD-1 F1 rootstock (in general during 3 years 30,4 kilograms per square meter), from Merlice F1 hybrid on Emperador F1 (31 kilogram per square meter). Mathematically significant difference in early yield between the studied cultivar-rootstock combinations was not found. The usage of the rootstocks also improves biochemical indicators, particularly, contributes to the increasing the dry matter content in the fruits of all hybrids by 0.1-0.8%. Emperador F1 rootstock causes an increase in the total sugar content in tomatoes by 0.3-0.5% and ascorbic acid by 1-4.7% for all studied rootstocks. It is recommended to use such grafting options as Torero F1 to TDß1 F1; Barteza F1 to Emperador F1; Merlice F1 to Emperador F1 with a view to increasing the share of early yield (10th July) in modern block hydroponic winter greenhouses of the “Venlo” type at the level of 30,4-31,0 kilograms per square meter with high biochemical indicators of fruits.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74611213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photosynthetic activity of parsnip varieties in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine 乌克兰右岸森林草原条件下防风草品种的光合活性

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31548/agr2020.04.087

O. Komar, O. Shemetun, V. Komar

{"title":"Photosynthetic activity of parsnip varieties in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine","authors":"O. Komar, O. Shemetun, V. Komar","doi":"10.31548/agr2020.04.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.04.087","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the intensification of production of parsnip, the question arises to clarify the elements of cultivation technology that should ensure its high productivity. The use of varietal plant resources is one of the most important parts of agriculture - the basis of economic and social development of the state. The most efficient and cost-effective is the widespread introduction of new varieties and hybrids with a genetically determined level of adaptation to the conditions of soil and climatic zones of their cultivation. The indicator of the dynamics of the formation of photosynthetic productivity is the basis of the yield of each crop. The purpose of the research was to study the dynamics of leaf surface formation in varieties of parsnip in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The studied cultivars of parsnip sowing formed a high area of active assimilation surface, the dynamics of which depends on the stage of organogenesis, soil and climatic conditions of the year and varietal characteristics. With the highest average for the growing season leaf area (49.0-49.6 thousand m2 on ha), photosynthetic potential (1.79-1.83 million m2 per day on ha) and net productivity of photosynthesis - 5.56 g on m2 per day) were characterized by varieties Stymul and Pulse in terms of other varieties. It is established that in order to obtain stably high yield (44.4-45.4 t on ha) and marketability of root crops (85-93%) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine it is necessary to sow highly productive varieties of parsnip sowing Stymul and Pulse.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90316892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Influence of methods soil cultivation and fertilizers in the technology of cultivation of spring wheat on agro-physical properties of sod-podzolic soil of Precarpathian 春小麦栽培技术中不同栽培方法、土壤栽培和肥料对不稳定巴田灰化土农业物理性质的影响

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2019-08-28 DOI: 10.31548/agr2019.02.028

I. Shuvar, S. Grynyk

引用次数: 0

PRORORTION CRUDE PROTEIN IN ALFALFA-GRASS MIXTURES DEPENDING ON THEIR SPECIES COMPOSITION AND MINERAL NUTRITION LEVEL UNDER STEPPE RIGHT BANK UKRAIN 乌克兰草原右岸紫花苜蓿-草料混合物中粗蛋白质的比例与种属组成及矿质营养水平的关系

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2019-08-28 DOI: 10.31548/agr2019.02.048

E. A. Litvinova, D. Litvinov

引用次数: 1

Tritional value and energy intensity of feed from alfafa-cereal herbages in dependence on technological factors of growing 苜蓿-谷类牧草饲料的营养价值和能量强度与生长工艺因素的关系

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2019-08-28 DOI: 10.31548/agr2019.02.013

G. I. Demidas, S. S. Prorochenko, I.V. Svystunova