Physics Letters A最新文献

{"title":"Clock laser noise constraining synchronous comparison of spin-squeezed optical clocks","authors":"Deshui Yu ,&nbsp;Shougang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingbiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spin squeezing has been recognized as a powerful tool to overcome the quantum projection noise limit that is imposed on optical clocks with uncorrelated atoms. Yet, the full potential of spin squeezing remains underutilized in precision measurement, due to the limited Ramsey dark period, which is much shorter than 1 s-level atom-laser and 10 s-level atom-atom coherence times. Here, we numerically study the impact of the clock laser noise on the synchronous comparison of spin-squeezed optical clocks. We restrict ourselves to one-axis twisting and measurement-induced spin squeezing protocols that have recently been demonstrated on optical lattice clocks. The simulation results illustrate that for typical lattice clocks with 10³ atoms, the metrological enhancement induced by spin squeezing is only attainable for a dark period of less than 0.1 s using the state-of-the-art clock laser. Therefore, further improvement of the clock laser is necessary to bring spin squeezing into the full play.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 130634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling open quantum systems: Quantum correlations as resources during the transition from Markovian to non-Markovian dynamics","authors":"K. Berrada,&nbsp;S. Bougouffa","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In realistic quantum-mechanical systems, there will inevitably be exposure to an external environment. This exposure typically leads to Markovian processes in which the system exchanges information with its surroundings. In contrast, many quantum systems exhibit non-Markovian behavior, displaying a reverse flow of information from the environment back to the system. Controlling such open systems is crucial for various applications, including entanglement generation, dissipative quantum computation, designing quantum memories, and quantum metrology. We propose a theoretical model for a two-photon system, inspired by an all-optical experiment. This model enables control over the flow of information between the system and its environment, providing a framework for assessing non-Markovianity through measurements taken on the open system. Additionally, we investigate the measures of correlations, namely entanglement of formation and quantum discord, to quantify the quantum correlations present within the bipartite system described in the proposed model. Our findings illustrate how quantum correlations evolve during the transition from the Markovian regime to the non-Markovian regime. They highlight their potential as a valuable resource for achieving optimal control of open quantum systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 130624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudo transitions in the finite-size Blume-capel model","authors":"Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Shi ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Fangfang Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Qi ,&nbsp;Zengru Di","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the pseudo transitions of the Blume-Capel model on two-dimensional finite-size lattices. By employing the Wang-Landau sampling method and microcanonical inflection point analysis, we identified the positions of phase transitions as well as higher-order phase transitions. Through Metropolis sampling and canonical ensemble analysis, we determined the geometric characteristics of the system at these transition points. When the crystal field parameter <em>D</em> exceeds 1.965, crossing the tricritical point, no third-order dependent phase transition is observed. However, a fourth-order independent transition was identified in the high-temperature region, and through Metropolis sampling analysis, a phase transition from the ordered paramagnetic phase to the disordered paramagnetic phase was confirmed, enhancing the phase diagram. Furthermore, the positions of the third-order phase transition obtained from both microcanonical and canonical analyses are consistent and mutually corroborative. We speculate that third-order dependent transitions vanish in the presence of strong first-order phase transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 130626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic and nonlinear optical properties of dielectric-encapsulated concentric quantum nano-rings for tunneling devices in microelectronics under axial electric field","authors":"K. Hasanirokh ,&nbsp;A. Naifar","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing critical challenges in quantum device engineering and tunneling phenomena, this meticulous study theoretically scrutinizes the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) as well as the refractive index changes (RICs) resulting from intersubband transitions in a concentrically coupled nano-quantum ring (CCNQR). We mainly focus on the impact of in-situ structural parameters (inner radius, height, inner and outer ring widths), electric field, incident optical intensities and the choice of oxidized dielectric environment (SiO₂ vs. HfO₂). Under the framework of the effective mass approximation and the compact density matrix approach, the subband energy eigenvalues and their associated wavefunctions were determined by solving the time-independent Schrödinger equation. Contrary to other studies reported in the literature, we took into account the conduction band discontinuity that originates at the system and its surrounding medium, as well as the dielectric mismatch. Our findings demonstrated a strong correlation between quantized energies, dipole moments and the key structural metrics as well as the applied external electric field. Incorporating the electric field and surrounding oxides into our calculations resulted in a significant alteration of the probability amplitude and spatial distribution of the wavefunction by exhibiting two distinct regimes: coupled and decoupled. Our major outcomes revealed that when <em>F</em> = 30 KV/cm, the dipole moment is 1.42 times larger when choosing the HfO₂. We found that the OAC’s resonant peak has reached 7,2 × 10⁵ m^-1 (8.6 × 10⁵ m^-1) in case of SiO₂ (HfO₂). In addition, for HfO₂ (SiO₂), the photobleaching phenomenon was observed at an intensity of <em>I</em> = 0.2 MW/cm² (<em>I</em> = 0.4 MW/cm²). We conclude that the resonance frequencies as well as the intensity of the nonlinear optical attributes are roughly tunable through geometric factors and the electric field, while fine-tuning could be achieved through a careful choice of the surrounding oxidative layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinks in generalized scalar field models and their scattering properties","authors":"D. Bazeia ,&nbsp;A.S. Lobão ,&nbsp;F.C. Simas","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates kink solutions in one-dimensional scalar field theories. We begin with a review of the formalism used to obtain these solutions, presenting the BPS formalism and linear stability analysis. Next, we explore new models involving real scalar fields, generated by distinct potentials, with a focus on the topological structures responsible for the formation of kinks. Finally, we study collisions between the solutions obtained in two distinct models, analyzing their dynamic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solving constrained BKP hierarchy by boson–fermion correspondence","authors":"Yanwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyao Chen ,&nbsp;Jipeng Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solutions of <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>–constrained BKP hierarchy <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msubsup><mrow><mo>∑</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mo>∂</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mo>∂</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></math></span> with <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>∈</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>odd</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> are investigated by boson–fermion correspondence. Firstly, <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>–constrained BKP hierarchy is converted into the fermionic form <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>⊗</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><msubsup><mrow><mo>∑</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>⊗</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>⊗</mo><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></math></span>. Then we determine the conditions for the fermionic field <em>β</em>, which keeps the fermionic form of constrained BKP hierarchy after the transformations <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msub><mo>→</mo><mi>β</mi><msub><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> for <span><math><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>, <span><math><mo>{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> and <span><math><mo>{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. Finally based upon this, the corresponding solutions are given by boson–fermion correspondence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic, optical and magnetic properties of Ti-doped and (Ti, VSi) co-doped 4H-SiC: A first-principles study","authors":"Yuan Huang,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Ya Nie,&nbsp;Juncheng Luo,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhu,&nbsp;Dinghua Yang,&nbsp;Gang Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electronic, optical and magnetic properties of both Ti-doped 4H-SiC and (Ti, V_Si) co-doped 4H-SiC are investigated using first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT). The energy calculations revealed that Ti atoms preferentially occupy Si lattice sites, characterized by the lowest formation energy and optimal structural stability. Ti doping reduces the bandgap of 4H-SiC from 2.22 eV to 2.13 eV, significantly enhancing its optical response to low energy photon fields. Upon (Ti, V_Si) co-doping, the bandgap of 4H-SiC decreases further to 0.89 eV and exhibits an indirect-to-direct transition, thereby improving optical absorption in the low energy spectral range. Detailed Analysis of magnetic properties reveals that the local magnetic moment in the co-doped system is primarily derived from electron spin splitting and redistribution in C atoms surrounding V_Si, elucidating the synergistic regulation mechanism of magnetism through defects and dopants. The findings give insights into Ti-doped and (Ti, V_Si) co-doped 4H-SiC and may be useful for their applications in optoelectronic and spintronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"550 ","pages":"Article 130612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 3D inhomogeneous optical systems via the Lorentzian formalism","authors":"Angel García-Botella ,&nbsp;Manuel Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of Lorentz geometry to the study of homogeneous media nonimaging optical systems was introduced successfully in <span><span>[1]</span></span>, see also <span><span>[2]</span></span>, based on the analogy between lightlike cones and the cone of edge rays. Recently, we applied this technique to the study of 2D inhomogeneous optical systems <span><span>[3]</span></span>. In the present paper, we generalize previous studies to stationary 3D inhomogeneous optical systems. We obtain and provide some solutions to the systems of nonlinear partial differential equations in cartesian and spheric coordinates in three dimensions. We study optical systems with exponential refraction index. The solutions provide the geometrical vector flux <strong>J</strong> at any point of these 3D optical systems. From this Lorentzian formalism, we have obtained irradiance patterns of these stationary inhomogeneous optical systems and we have compared it with irradiance patterns obtained by raytrace simulations. Finally a study of the physical interpretation of eigenvalues of the Gram matrix of the Lorentzian metric <strong>G</strong> is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave propagation in thin-walled mono-symmetric metabeam with periodically placed piezoelectric sensor and actuator","authors":"Arindam Das ,&nbsp;Kamal K. Bera ,&nbsp;Arnab Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel method to generate an attenuation band in a thin-walled mono-symmetric metabeam by periodically attaching piezoelectric patches serving as sensors and actuators. The periodic configuration enables the creation of a subwavelength attenuation band. Using Hamilton's principle, equations of motion for a unit cell with piezoelectric patches are derived. The dispersion characteristics are analyzed through the transfer matrix and Bloch-Floquet theorem, while modal frequencies are validated against finite-element results. Dispersion plots and the transmittance spectrum confirm the formation of band gaps where beam responses are suppressed. A parametric study explores the influence of the geometric properties of the system on attenuation bands. The results demonstrate the potential for achieving a low-frequency band gap, highlighting its applicability in vibration attenuation and acoustic control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of a transient triangular atom mirror behavior","authors":"Sana Khattak,&nbsp;Qurrat-ul-Ain Gulfam","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reflective properties of a three-atom system arranged in an equilateral triangle configuration are investigated, with a focus on collective dynamics driven by vacuum-induced dipole-dipole interactions. In the study, one or more atoms are initially prepared in an excited state, with collective damping and spontaneous emission considered. The aim is to observe periodic time-dependent exchange of populations among the atoms, which is interpreted as mirror-like behavior. Results reveal that an atomic mirror behavior emerges in two-dimensional systems, with a strong dependence on inter atomic distances. For separations smaller than about one fourth of the atomic wavelength, the system manifests periodic population exchange, resembling a stable triangular atomic mirror. The dynamics are significantly shaped by the initial state preparation, with initially symmetric superpositions generating synchronized oscillations and selective suppression of dipole-dipole interactions between specific atom pairs, leading to more stable and prolonged mirror-like behavior, even for relatively larger inter-atomic separations. These findings provide insights into the collective behavior of atoms in two-dimensional configurations, offering potential applications in the realms of quantum optics and quantum information processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"551 ","pages":"Article 130605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}