PhycologiaPub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841
O. Archontikis, Josué G. Millán, A. Winter, J. Young
{"title":"Taxonomic re-evaluation of Ericiolus and Mercedesia (Prymnesiophyceae) and description of three new species","authors":"O. Archontikis, Josué G. Millán, A. Winter, J. Young","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The genera Ericiolus and Mercedesia are distinctive extant coccolithophores that are characterized by monothecate, monomorphic coccospheres with one type of triradiate star-shaped nannoliths. The two genera were described from the Danish coastal waters, the surface waters of the Arctic, and the Southern Oceans. During a study of samples from the low photic zone of the Mediterranean and Sargasso Seas, and from the subtropical gyres of the South-eastern Pacific and the South Atlantic Oceans, 44 collapsed coccospheres with triradiate star-like nannoliths were observed via scanning electron microscopy. Observations on the morphologies and biometric assessments of these specimens revealed that three distinct sets of nannoliths can be distinguished and that these were morphologically differentiated from all currently known species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia. The new forms and the previously described species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia were, however, similar, as they all demonstrated a distinctive set of collectively shared morphological characters and almost identical size ranges. On the basis of this, and instead of describing a third genus for the same group of nannoliths, we preferred to taxonomically synonymize Mercedesia with Ericiolus and revise the definition of Ericiolus. Therefore, we describe three new species, Ericiolus bendifii sp. nov., Ericiolus sheldoniae sp. nov. and Ericiolus mattioliae sp. nov., and an incompletely defined taxon, as Ericiolus cf. bendifii, and establish the new combinations E. aspiphorus comb. nov., E. multistellatus comb. nov. and E. pusillus comb. nov.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42835009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636
S. Larsen, J. Beardall
{"title":"The effect of temperature and salinity on DMSP production in Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Isochrysidales, Coccolithophyceae)","authors":"S. Larsen, J. Beardall","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A subtropical clone of Gephyrocapsa oceanica was grown over the temperature and salinity range 10–30°C and 20‰–45‰ respectively. Cellular DMSP increased with increasing salinity, compatible with the hypothesis that DMSP is a compatible osmolyte. Cellular DMSP content was highest at colder temperatures and decreased as temperature increased. Net DMSP production rate also depended on cell size and growth rate was greatest about 2°C below the optimum growth temperature of 20°C for this clone. This resulted in a unimodal response of net DMSP production to increasing temperature: net DMSP production increased with increasing temperature when the cells were growing at temperatures below optimum for growth. At and above optimum growth temperature, further warming decreased net DMSP production. For the effect of temperature alone, in the subtropical oceans, where G. oceanica is growing at or above its optimum, further warming due to climate change will result in decreased net DMSP production and so a probable decrease in the flux of DMS to the atmosphere and sulphate aerosol production. Inasmuch as these aerosols modulate cloud albedo and longevity then these too will both decrease, resulting in a positive feedback response for temperature. The reverse effect may occur in higher latitude oceans where growth temperature is below optimum. The exact response in both regions is complicated because warming will also enhance water column stratification and may reduce mixed layer depths, affecting both nutrient and light regimes, as well as possible species succession effects. Further work is required to investigate these other indirect temperature effects.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48205340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281
K. Mertens, M. C. Carbonell-Moore, N. Chomérat, Gwenael Bilien, S. Boulben, L. Guillou, S. Romac, I. Probert, Akira Ishikawa, É. Nézan
{"title":"Morpho-molecular analysis of podolampadacean dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae), with the description of two new genera","authors":"K. Mertens, M. C. Carbonell-Moore, N. Chomérat, Gwenael Bilien, S. Boulben, L. Guillou, S. Romac, I. Probert, Akira Ishikawa, É. Nézan","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sequences were obtained for 58 podolampadacean single cells from France, Reunion Island (French territories) and Japan (6 SSU rDNA only, 40 SSU+LSU and 12 LSU only). The sequenced taxa belong to five of the eight described genera: Podolampas, Blepharocysta, Lissodinium, Gaarderiella and Mysticella. Two new genera, Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera, were erected to accommodate ‘Blepharocysta’ hermosillae and ‘Blepharocysta’ denticulata. Most genera are well supported by concatenated LSU–SSU rDNA phylogenies, with the least support for Lissodinium. Metabarcoding of podolampadaceans using the V4 region of SSU rDNA showed a resolution too low to discriminate genera or species. Roscoffia and Cabra are here considered podolampadaceans, whilst Lessardia is considered to belong in a separate family. The relationship of Rhinodinium to the Podolampadaceae needs further study. Desmoschisis was recorded for the first time in Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera. Several ribotypes need further study to attribute a species name to them.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47753104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288
K. Kuriyama, S. Heesch, U. Karsten, R. Schumann
{"title":"Benthic diatom diversity in a turbid brackish lagoon of the Baltic Sea","authors":"K. Kuriyama, S. Heesch, U. Karsten, R. Schumann","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Darß-Zingst Bodden Chain is a tide-less shallow lagoon at the Southern Baltic coast. It was and is studied in almost all hydrological, biogeochemical as well as floristic and faunistic aspects. Benthic diatoms were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the early 1970s and one sampling site was now revisited. A total of 103 diatom taxa were recorded in sediment and on macrophyte samples collected between 2015 and 2019. In the sediment samples, epipsammic diatoms accounted for almost 90% of the total valve counts. In the 1970s, only three epipsammic species were observed, while we recorded a total of 27 epipsammic taxa, most of which were very small (<12 µm). Since those earlier studies, many of these species have been newly described or transferred from other genera. Moreover, small diatoms may have been misidentified, overlooked or counted as important. This study emphasizes, in addition, the need to combine light microscopy with electron microscopy to allow the unambiguous identification also of small entities, and to reach a comprehensive overview over the diatom flora present in different benthic habitats.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42878175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2147745
Riccardo Trentin, E. Moschin, A. Grapputo, F. Rindi, S. Schiaparelli, I. Moro
{"title":"Multi-gene phylogeny reveals a new genus and species of Hapalidiales (Rhodophyta) from Antarctica: Thalassolithon adeliense gen. & sp. nov.","authors":"Riccardo Trentin, E. Moschin, A. Grapputo, F. Rindi, S. Schiaparelli, I. Moro","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2147745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2147745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Non-geniculate coralline algal specimens were collected in 2013 during the XXVIII Italian Expedition to Antarctica in Adélie Cove (Terra Nova Bay; Ross Sea) and deposited in the collections of the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNAIT, Section of Genoa). Specimens were characterized through a polyphasic approach combining DNA sequence data obtained for four genes (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA and cox1) with morpho-anatomical observations. DNA sequences revealed that all specimens belonged to the same species. Phylogenetic reconstructions unambiguously recovered this alga as a member of the order Hapalidiales, but without any close relationship to a genus of this order currently recognized on a molecular phylogenetic basis. Instead, it formed a well-supported lineage with specimens named ‘Hapalidiales sp. ZH-Twist-2019’, collected in New Zealand, for which no formal assignment at genus level has been proposed. Species delimitation methods (ABGD, PTP, GMYC) applied to the psbA dataset indicated that the Adélie Cove coralline alga is a distinct species from all other known hapalidialean species for which such sequences are available. A new genus, Thalassolithon gen. nov., is proposed for T. adeliense sp. nov.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49408903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2140548
Hyun Jung Kim, Zhun Li, H. Gu, K. Mertens, Joo Yeon Youn, Kyeong Yoon Kwak, S. Oh, K. Shin, Y. Yoo, Wonchoel Lee, H. Shin
{"title":"Gonyaulax geomunensis sp. nov. and two allied species (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) from Korean coastal waters and East China Sea: morphology, phylogeny and growth response to changes in temperature and salinity","authors":"Hyun Jung Kim, Zhun Li, H. Gu, K. Mertens, Joo Yeon Youn, Kyeong Yoon Kwak, S. Oh, K. Shin, Y. Yoo, Wonchoel Lee, H. Shin","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2140548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2140548","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Six strains of three different Gonyaulax species were established by isolating cells from the Korean coastal area and the East China Sea, and their morphologies and molecular phylogenies based on SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences were examined. In addition, the growth responses of the Gonyaulax species to changes in temperature and salinity were investigated. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic positions, Gonyaulax whaseongensis and G. polygramma were identified, and G. geomunensis sp. nov. is proposed in this study. These species displayed the plate formula typical for Gonyaulax, but G. polygramma and G. geomunensis sometimes showed a small intercalary plate (1a) surrounded by plates 2’, *3’ and 3’’. G. geomunensis was morphologically characterized by an S-type ventral organization, descending with a displacement of one cingulum width and bearing one, two or three prominent antapical spines of similar size. The cell surface, which was distinct from other Gonyaulax species, was thick and heavily reticulated into numerous polygonal areas. The reticulation was deeply excavated. The phylogenetics revealed that G. geomunensis and G. whaseongensis belong to different clades, and that there are two ribotypes of G. polygramma, which were morphologically indistinguishable. These species had a close phylogenetic relationship to G. hyalina, and all of them were characterized by dextral torsion. G. whaseongensis, G. polygramma and G. geomunensis had different growth responses to changes of temperature and salinity, respectively, indicating that morphological and phylogenetic identification of Gonyaulax species can be supported by ecological niches.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41858002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2142430
G. Hansen, N. Daugbjerg, Ø. Moestrup
{"title":"Baldinia droopii sp. nov. (Suessiales, Dinophyceae), a new species from a small rainwater rock pool near Tvärminne, south-western Finland","authors":"G. Hansen, N. Daugbjerg, Ø. Moestrup","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2142430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2142430","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A dinoflagellate isolated from a small rainwater rockpool in Finland was found to be a new species of Baldinia, here described as B. droopii sp. nov. This is only the third formally described Baldinia species and the second described by modern methods. The new species had a complement of generic characters that clearly affiliated it to Baldinia: presence of an internal honeycomb structure, termed a lamellar body, a ventral fibre associated with the longitudinal basal body and a pentagonal resting cyst; and the absence of an apical structure, thecal plates and trichocysts. The most distinctive species-specific characters were the presence of a resting cyst with tubiform processes, a paratabulation matching the pattern of the motile cell, and a life cycle exhibiting a diel rhythm, alternating between motile and non-motile coccoid cells. Motile cells occurred during the light period, peaking after 3–4 h of light period, while practically no motile cells occurred during the dark period. LSU rDNA sequences confirmed B. droopii as a new species, showing c. 14% sequence difference compared to B. anauniensis. Asexual reproduction occurred primarily by binary fission or via a so-called division cyst. Sexual reproduction occurred in the culture indicating that D. droopii is homothallic. The zygote may form a resistant cyst with tubiform processes, but there were indications that this stage may be by-passed. Different stages of the asexual and putative sexual reproduction were observed and documented by video recordings.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44136644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2136445
S. Larsen, J. Beardall
{"title":"Measurement of DIC acquisition and evidence for a CO2 concentrating mechanism in Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Isochrysidales, Coccolithophyceae)","authors":"S. Larsen, J. Beardall","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2136445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2136445","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The possession of a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) by a given phytoplankton species will in part determine its response to changes in the dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations in the global ocean. Earlier work on CCMs in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi suggested that this species did not possess a CCM, though more recent studies indicate that a CCM is indeed present. Here we report work showing that another coccolithophore species, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, also possesses a functioning CCM, implying that increasing CO2 concentrations are unlikely to lead to enhanced growth rates. We discuss the protocol required for working with this species, noting that due to its liths being 10 or more times as massive as of those of Emiliania huxleyi, much lower centrifugation speeds (<400 × g) must be used to avoid damage to the cells.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46960481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PhycologiaPub Date : 2022-11-21DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2132054
W. Nelson, Bruce Ngauma, Jerry H. Norman, S. Ringham, J. Sutherland
{"title":"Agissea teruruhau sp. nov. (Peyssonneliales, Rhodophyta) and epiphyte Piriora waewaeiti gen. & sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) from Manawatāwhi, New Zealand","authors":"W. Nelson, Bruce Ngauma, Jerry H. Norman, S. Ringham, J. Sutherland","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2132054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2132054","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phylogenetic analyses resolved that specimens from Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands in northern New Zealand, formerly identified as Sonderophycus coriaceus, belong to the genus Agissea (Peyssonneliales). This species is dark red, prostrate and robust, with leathery, fan-shaped lobes and is described here as Agissea teruruhau. It was found to serve as a host to a very small red algal epiphyte described here as Piriora waewaiti gen. & sp. nov. While phylogenetic analyses have placed Piriora in the Gigartinales, the familial placement of this genus has been unable to be resolved. Manawatāwhi/Three Kings Islands is a group of small islands known to harbour a rich marine biota with many endemic species, and the description of these taxa has increased the reported endemic algal flora of the islands. In addition, the phylogenetic analyses have confirmed the presence of Olokunia boudouresquei and a further three species of Peyssonneliales in the New Zealand flora, belonging to the genera Olokunia, Peyssonnelia and Seiria.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42368465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}