{"title":"Optic Nerve Hypoplasia","authors":"D. Esson","doi":"10.1002/9781118840801.CH144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118840801.CH144","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence and Epidemiology Along with cortical vision impair ment and retinopathy of prematurity, ONH is thought to be one of the most common causes of impaired vision in children under the age of 3 years. It is estimated that 15% to 25% of infants with significant visual impairment have ONH. Reported incidence ranges between 2.4/100,000 residents (<19 years of age) annually in Olmsted County, Minne sota, to 17.3/100,000 residents (<18 years of age) annually in Stockholm, Sweden. There is no clear evidence of variation across geographic regions, but a study based in the United Kingdom found higher standardized incidence ratios in innercity districts of high population density. Risk factors. Although the etiology is unclear in the majority of cases, there are known associations with fetal alco hol syndrome, maternal diabetes, and young maternal age. Other risk factors include maternal primiparity, alcohol or drug use by the mother, intrauterine growth restriction, prematurity, and low birth weight.","PeriodicalId":201288,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Ophthalmic Disease","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124662108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Canine Anterior Uveitis","authors":"Douglas W. Esson","doi":"10.1002/9781118840801.CH88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118840801.CH88","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":201288,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Ophthalmic Disease","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125059542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}