{"title":"Review on energetic copolymer binders for propulsion applications: Synthesis and properties","authors":"Sabri Touidjine, Moulai Karim Boulkadid, Djalal Trache, Hamdane Akbi, Djamil Guettiche, Samir Belkhiri, Manel Nourine","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article aims to outline the current progress in the field of energetic copolymer binders for composite solid propellants (CSPs). Propellants, which are a type of energetic material, are used to generate thrust in rockets and missiles, and they are generally less sensitive than explosives. The common formulations of CSPs contain several different chemical compounds that are typically bound together by a polymeric matrix to form a continuous solid. The use of inert polymers, however, does not enhance the overall specific impulse of the propellant. Energetic copolymers have emerged as a compelling category of binders for CSPs in recent years, offering potential advantages over traditional binders such as improved performance, enhanced safety, and increased manufacturing efficiency. The paper reviews the various types of energetic copolymer binders that have been developed, their potential advantages and drawbacks, and the current challenges and opportunities in the field. It suggests directions for future research and development and aims to provide a useful resource for researchers and practitioners interested in the use of energetic copolymer binders toward CSPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 19","pages":"2254-2275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of PVA/PEI/CNC/ZnO composite membrane with good mechanical properties and water resistance by electrostatic spinning using for efficient filtration of PM2.5","authors":"Jingda Huang, Shite Lin, Yipeng Liang, Enfu Wang, Yu Miao, Wenbiao Zhang, Kuichuan Sheng","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is still a serious challenge to construct a water-soluble polymer-based air filtration membrane with high efficiency and good mechanical properties by electrospinning. In the study, using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacetylimide (PEI) as the main materials, both nanocellulosic crystal (CNC) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as the synergistic reinforcers and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the hydrophobic modifier, the electrospun PVA/PEI/CNC/ZnO composite nanofibrous membrane with dual air filtration mechanisms was established. One of the mechanisms was the interception of the three-dimensional network structure built by the composite nanofibrous membrane, the other was the electrostatic adsorption provided by CNC. Based on the dual air filtration mechanisms, the filtration efficiency of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) reached 98.20%. Moreover, the composite nanofibrous membrane displayed a good thermal stability and could still maintain more than the filtration efficiency of 83% and low-pressure drop after treatment at 200 °C for 1 h. Moreover, the composite nanofibrous membrane could still maintain the filtration efficiency (97.3%) and low-pressure drop (110.7 Pa) after five washing cycles after filtration, reflecting good reusability. Interestingly, the PVA/PEI/CNC/ZnO composite nanofibrous membrane was simple to produce and demonstrated excellent filtration efficiency, as well as excellent thermal stability, which could be an effective barrier against PM2.5 invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 20","pages":"2451-2461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41229689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of electrospun PVA@Ls@BAC@PDMS composite nanofibrous air filtration membrane with high efficiency removal for PM2.5 and excellent heat resistance","authors":"Yi Wang, Yu Miao, Yuxin Cai, Enfu Wang, YiPeng Liang, Jinhuan Zhong, Wenbiao Zhang, Jingda Huang","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Development of water-soluble polymer air filtration materials attracts considerable attentions due to their environmentally friendly performance and high efficiency, but the balance of mechanical strength, efficiency and pressure drop still is a severe challenge. Focusing on this issue, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), bamboo activated carbon (BAC) and sodium lignosulfonate (Ls) were combined to construct an electrospinning system with two filtration functions. In the PVA@Ls@BAC system, the 3D network constructed by the electrospun PVA based nanofibrous could effectively intercept PM2.5, and the introduced Ls enhanced the mechanical strength of PVA nanofibrous due to its good rigidity. In addition, the added negatively charged BAC facilitated the electrostatic adsorption of PM2.5 while also improved the heat resistance of the system. Moreover, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was introduced to enhance the water resistance of the system. The resulting electrospun PVA@Ls@BAC@PDMS composite nanofibrous air filtration membrane exhibited excellent air filtration performance (98.67%), water repellency (123.7° of WCA), and reusable performance, as well as having good mechanical property and the tensile fracture strain reaching 112%. Because of its good performance and simple preparation process, the electrospun PVA@Ls@BAC@PDMS composite nanofibrous air filtration membrane has great application space.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 20","pages":"2475-2485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41229715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 61, Issue 14","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230443","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image shows that a bacterial infection may occur in a wound, which delays the healing process. Therefore, in the modern day, a nature-inspired smart wound dressingis required to facilitate each step of wound healing. This image displays the different sources of natural polymers that are used in the development of dressing materials such as hydrogels, nanofibers, sponges, films, and various other types of scaffolds that aid in the complicated process of healing a wound. Bharti Sheokand, Monika Vats, Anand Kumar, Chander Mohan Srivastava, Indra Bahadur, and Seema R. Pathak contributed equally to the artwork. (DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220734)\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 14","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230443","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5864077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The weathering resistance of quaternary High-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites: Effects of weld lines, formulation and degradation on tensile properties","authors":"David Viljoen, Johan Labuschagné, Ines Kuehnert","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the effects of weld lines, additives and the degree of QUV weathering on the tensile behavior of a range of high-density polyethylene composites with calcium carbonate, stabilizers and a carbon black/SEBS masterbatch are studied. The degree of weathering is characterized using FTIR-derived carbonyl, double-bond and carbonate indexes based on curve fitting, to allow for the fairer comparison of specimens with and without calcium carbonate. Weld-line specimens exhibited more rapid degradation than that seen in the reference specimens, while the exposed surfaces of the specimens degraded more quickly than the unexposed surfaces. ISO G154 Cycle 1 and Cycle 6 weathering protocols were compared. The additives were found to be effective at decreasing oxidative degradation, albeit with reduced effects at higher loadings and in mixed systems. These findings were mirrored in the mechanical properties of the specimens, with the modified specimens even exhibiting broadly improved properties with increasing aging. Elongation at break was most sensitive to weathering, with increasing degradation with increasing weathering across almost all specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 16","pages":"1912-1929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5824558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances on visible light induced cationic polymerization","authors":"Xiaohu Feng, Ruofan Liu, Lei Liu, Yushun Jin, Qisong Shi, Penghua Yan, Yibo Wu","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cationic polymerization is an important branch of polymer chemistry. Traditional cationic polymerization must be carried out in anhydrous and low temperature environment, with harsh operating conditions, high operating costs and high energy consumption. Visible light induced cationic polymerization is simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost, so it has become a research hotspot of living cationic polymerization. This paper gives an overview of the recent advances (mainly from 2015 to 2023) on visible-light-induced cationic polymerization, with a focus on visible-light-initiated and visible-light-controlled cationic polymerization. On the basis of controlling cationic polymerization to achieve macromolecular reaction engineering, the realization of temporal scale control will be the main development direction in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 20","pages":"2411-2425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41229788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Composite hydrogels based on calcium alginate and polyethyleneimine for wastewater treatment","authors":"Johannes Berg, Sebastian Seiffert","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water shortage has risen severely in recent years, confronting mankind with a worldwide challenge, especially as the accessible water resources are further limited by diverse contamination. The most widespread industrial process for water treatment is the activated sludge process, in which, however, excessive sludge production has become an enormous environmental problem worldwide. To overcome this problem, hydrogels possess outstanding potential in view of adsorptive removal of contaminants like heavy metal ions, fertilizers, and dyes. In this paper, we report about the synthesis of biobased alginate hydrogel beads along with polyethyleneimine-modified composite hydrogels for water treatment. The adsorption of methylene blue as a positively charged and of congo red as a negatively charged model dye is quantitatively investigated, both separately and in combination. In addition, the pH-dependent adsorption of the dyes is determined. The use of alginate-based hydrogel systems combines several prospects: they are bio-based, inexpensive, easily available to a sufficient extent, sustainable, and are applicable in a broad range of wastewater treatment by its charged groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 18","pages":"2203-2222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6859202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special structures and thermal stabilities of polyurethanes derived from diol and triol having oxazolidone moieties","authors":"Yoshiaki Yoshida, Yuki Yoshinaga, Takeshi Endo","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We synthesized regular polyurethanes from the diol having oxazolidone structure (<b>Diol-1</b>) and the aliphatic diisocyanate by typical polyaddition. The results of the structural analysis suggested that the polyurethane having a cyclic urethane structure such as oxazolidone formed a rod-like structure, although the control polyurethane having a chain urethane structure formed a linear structure. The polyaddition of <b>Diol-1</b> and aliphatic diisocyanate with triol having oxazolidone structure (<b>Triol-1</b>) as a crosslinker also proceeded successfully to achieve corresponding polyurethanes. However, the polyurethanes containing a molar ratio of <b>Triol-1</b> less than or equal 50% were soluble in high polar organic solvents nevertheless those polyurethanes contained some trifunctional units in the polymer chain. On the other hand, the polyurethanes containing a molar ratio of <b>Triol-1</b> more than 50% were insoluble in any organic solvents. We hypothesized that the soluble polyurethanes containing <b>Triol-1</b> formed multi-branched structure and the insoluble polyurethanes formed cross-linking structure. Such structures of polymer chain affected significantly to the thermal properties of the obtained polyurethanes.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 20","pages":"2486-2496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41229632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hye Jin Kim, Manseok Yoon, Bongkuk Seo, Choong-Sun Lim
{"title":"Effects of fatty acid modified epoxy resin on long-chain epoxy and its physical properties","authors":"Hye Jin Kim, Manseok Yoon, Bongkuk Seo, Choong-Sun Lim","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tendency of epoxy resins to form three-dimensional structures can make them brittle, which restricts their use in various applications even if they have great mechanical properties. Due to the expansion of epoxy resin application to electric automotives and aerospace as carbon fiber resistance plastics (CRFPs), it is desirable to synthesize epoxy resins that is more impact resistant. Herein, the synthesis of flexible epoxy resin FMER-F and FMER-J is reported. These epoxy resins were based on bisphenol F and J diglycidy ether. The dimeric fatty acid modified epoxy resins (FMERs) were synthesized by reacting acid anhydride modified epoxy resins (AMERs) with dimeric fatty acids. To obtain thermosetting epoxy polymers, the epoxy resin was mixed with a curing agent and an accelerator and, subsequently, it was cured at a high temperature. The mechanical properties of various epoxy polymers were analyzed to evaluate the change in the performance of the materials. The flexural strength of the composition with 10 parts per hundred resin (phr) of FMER-F increased by 21%. The impact strength of the composition with 30 phr of FMER-J increased by 27%. FMERs were found to be used as toughening agents in epoxy resins and composites because of their ability to enhance mechanical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 18","pages":"2194-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pol.20230242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6803327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhirang Liu, Lianlian Fu, Zeyu Wang, Zhidong Gao, Yunhang Liu, Xuke Li, Berend Eling, Elmar P?selt, Edgar Schander, Zongbao Wang
{"title":"Block length distribution, morphology, and property of thermoplastic polyurethanes affected by production method: A polymer-by-process investigation","authors":"Zhirang Liu, Lianlian Fu, Zeyu Wang, Zhidong Gao, Yunhang Liu, Xuke Li, Berend Eling, Elmar P?selt, Edgar Schander, Zongbao Wang","doi":"10.1002/pol.20230232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20230232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) based on the same monomers and composition were produced by two different production methods – hand mix batch process and continuous band casting. The soft segment was poly(hydrofuran) (PTHF) with a molar mass of 1000 and the hard segment was made of 1,4-butanediol (BD) and 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The hard segment content amounted to 42%. The distinctions in crystallization and thermal behavior and mechanical properties of the two TPUs were ascribed to differences in the hard and soft block length distribution caused by the different production methods. Using thermal fractionation – a series of successive self-nucleation and annealing steps – the minor differences in hard block length distribution could be shown and quantified. The length distribution of the hard and soft blocks of the machine-produced sample was narrower than that of the hand-cast sample. The former with the narrow block distribution showed thicker and mechanically and thermally more stable hard domains. The more uniform block length distribution facilitated crystallization and resulted in improved tensile recovery behavior and elasticity. The second with the broader distribution, however, showed the highest tensile strength at break, which was ascribed to an improved strain-induced hardening of the soft phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry","volume":"61 19","pages":"2376-2388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.702,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}