BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]最新文献

A Purpose-Built System for Culturing Cells as In Vivo Mimetic 3D Structures 一种用于将细胞培养为体内模拟三维结构的专用系统

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96091

Krzysztof Wrzesinski, Søren Alnøe, H. H. Jochumsen, K. Mikkelsen, T. Bryld, Julie Vistisen, Peter Willems Alnøe, S. Fey

{"title":"A Purpose-Built System for Culturing Cells as In Vivo Mimetic 3D Structures","authors":"Krzysztof Wrzesinski, Søren Alnøe, H. H. Jochumsen, K. Mikkelsen, T. Bryld, Julie Vistisen, Peter Willems Alnøe, S. Fey","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96091","url":null,"abstract":"Culturing cells in 3D is often considered to be significantly more difficult than culturing them in 2D. In practice, this is not the case: the situation is that equipment needed for 3D cell culture has not been optimised as much as equipment for 2D. Here we present a few key features which must be considered when designing 3D cell culture equipment. These include diffusion gradients, shear stress and time. Diffusion gradients are unavoidably introduced when cells are cultured as clusters. Perhaps the most important consequence of this is that the resulting hypoxia is a major driving force in the metabolic reprogramming. Most cells in tissues do not experience liquid shear stress and it should therefore be minimised. Time is the factor that is most often overlooked. Cells, irrespective of their origin, are damaged when cultures are initiated: they need time to recover. All of these features can be readily combined into a clinostat incubator and bioreactor. Surprisingly, growing cells in a clinostat system do not require specialised media, scaffolds, ECM substitutes or growth factors. This considerably facilitates the transition to 3D. Most importantly, cells growing this way mirror cells growing in vivo and are thus valuable for biomedical research.","PeriodicalId":199636,"journal":{"name":"BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129062073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Mechanobiological Behavior of a Pathological Bone 病理骨的力学生物学行为

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97029

Imane Ait Oumghar, A. Barkaoui, P. Chabrand

{"title":"Mechanobiological Behavior of a Pathological Bone","authors":"Imane Ait Oumghar, A. Barkaoui, P. Chabrand","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97029","url":null,"abstract":"Bone density and bone microarchitecture are two principle parameters needed for the evaluation of mechanical bone performance and consequently the detection of bone diseases. The mechanobiological behavior of the skeletal tissue has been described through several mathematical models. Generally, these models fingerboard different length scale processes, such as the mechanical, the biological, and the chemical ones. By means of the mechanical stimulus and the biological factors involved in tissue regeneration, bone cells’ behavior and bone volume changes are determined. The emergence of bone diseases leads to disrupt the bone remodeling process and thus, induces bone mechanical properties’ alteration. In the present chapter, an overview of bone diseases and their relationship with bone density alteration will be presented. Besides, several studies treating bone diseases’ effect on bone remodeling will be discussed. Finally, the mechanobiological models proposed to treat bone healing and drugs’ effect on bone, are going to be reviewed. For this sake, the chapter is subdivided into three main sequences: (i) Bone remodeling, (ii) Bone deterioration causes, (iii) Mathematical models of a pathological bone, and (iv) Mechanobiological models treating bone healing and drugs effect.","PeriodicalId":199636,"journal":{"name":"BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]","volume":"244 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121877610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Naturally Derived Carbon Dots as Bioimaging Agents 天然衍生碳点作为生物显像剂

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96912

G. Gedda, Arun Bhupathi, V. B. G. Tiruveedhi

{"title":"Naturally Derived Carbon Dots as Bioimaging Agents","authors":"G. Gedda, Arun Bhupathi, V. B. G. Tiruveedhi","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96912","url":null,"abstract":"The recent advances in nanoscience and technology have opened new avenues for carbon-based nanomaterials. Especially, Carbon dots (CDs) have gained significant attention due to their simple, economic and rapid green synthesis. These materials exhibit excellent water solubility, fluorescence emission, high fluorescence quantum yield, Ultraviolet (UV) to Infrared (IR) range absorbance and high bio-compatibility. Therefore, these materials are widely used for various biological applications including bio-imaging. With the integration and doping of surface passive agents and elements, respectively influenced the enhancement of fluorescence property of CDs. Also, the conjugation of receptor-based targeting ligands leads to targeted bioimaging. CDs in combination with other imaging contrast agents lead to the development of novel contrast agents for bimodal imaging and multimodal imaging techniques. The combination of diagnostic CDs with therapeutic agents resulted in the formation of theragnostic CDs for image guided therapies. In this chapter, a comprehensive view on the top-down and bottom–up green synthesis methods for naturally derived CDs discussed. Further, unique physical, chemical, optical and biological properties of CDs described. Finally, fluorescence based bimodal and multimodal imaging techniques also described.","PeriodicalId":199636,"journal":{"name":"BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116154341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Salivary Gland Radio-Protection, Regeneration and Repair: Innovative Strategies 唾液腺放射保护、再生和修复:创新策略

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.94898

Z. Haidar

{"title":"Salivary Gland Radio-Protection, Regeneration and Repair: Innovative Strategies","authors":"Z. Haidar","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.94898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.94898","url":null,"abstract":"Saliva has a critical role in the maintenance of oral, dental and general health and well-being. Alteration(s) in the amount/quantity and/or quality of secreted saliva may induce the development of several oro-dental variations, thereby negatively-impacting overall quality of life. Diverse factors may affect the process of saliva production and quantity/quality of secretion, including medications, systemic or local pathologies and/or reversible/irreversible damage. Indeed, chemo- and/or radio-therapy, particularly, in cases of head and neck cancer, for example, are well-documented to induce serious damage and dysfunction to the radio-sensitive salivary gland tissue, resulting in hypo-salivation, xerostomia (dry mouth) as well as numerous other adverse intra−/extra-oral, medical and quality-of-life issues. Although a single governing mechanism of radiation-induced salivary gland tissue damage and dysfunction has not been yet elucidated, the potential for a synergy in radio-protection (mainly, and possible -reparation) via a combinatorial approach of mechanistically distinct strategies, has been suggested and explored over the years. This is, undoubtfully, in parallel to the ongoing efforts in improving the precision, safety and efficacy of radiotherapy protocols/outcomes, as well as in developing new technological and pharmaceutical alternatives, topics covered in this chapter.","PeriodicalId":199636,"journal":{"name":"BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121444383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Scale Modeling of Mechanobiological Behavior of Bone 骨力学生物学行为的多尺度建模

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-01-07 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.95035

B. Tlili, Hichem Guizani, K. Aouadi, M. Nasser

引用次数: 1

Cell Interaction and Mechanobiological Modeling of Bone Remodeling Process 骨重塑过程的细胞相互作用和力学生物学建模

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.95045

Rabeb Ben Kahla, A. Barkaoui, F. Salah, M. Chafra

{"title":"Cell Interaction and Mechanobiological Modeling of Bone Remodeling Process","authors":"Rabeb Ben Kahla, A. Barkaoui, F. Salah, M. Chafra","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.95045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95045","url":null,"abstract":"According to the structural and metabolic demands of the body, proportionate and accurate bone quantities are resorbed and formed, establishing what is known as bone remodeling process. This physiological process requires a highly coordinated regulation through a complex interconnected network involving several cells from diverse origins, in addition to various hormones, cytokines, growth factors and signaling pathways. One of the main factors initiating the remodeling process is the mechanotransduction mechanism, through which osteocytes translate the mechanical stimuli subjected to the bone into biochemical signals, generating thereby the activation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts that govern bone resorption and formation. This mechanically-induced behavior of bone tissue has been the target of computational modeling and numerical simulations, to address biomechanical questions and provide information that is not amenable to direct measurements. In this context, the current chapter aims to review the coupling and mechanotransduction mechanisms spearheading the remodeling process, in addition to the main mathematical models developed over recent years and their use in bone numerical simulations based on the finite element method.","PeriodicalId":199636,"journal":{"name":"BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title]","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122417964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Non-integrating Methods to Produce Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: An Overview 再生医学诱导多能干细胞的非整合方法研究综述

BioMechanics and Functional Tissue Engineering [Working Title] Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.95070

Immacolata Belviso, V. Romano, D. Nurzynska, C. Castaldo, F. Meglio

引用次数: 3