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Fecundity of Glyptothorax telchitta (Hamilton, 1822) from Tamor River, Nepal 尼泊尔塔莫尔河的Glyptothorax telchitta (Hamilton, 1822)的繁殖力

Our Nature Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3126/on.v21i1.50831

Jwala Poudel, J. Shrestha, Dipak Rajbanshi, Jash Hang Limbu

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Aquatic Environmental Parameters of In-Pond Aquaculture System 池内养殖系统水环境参数评价

Our Nature Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3126/on.v21i1.50761

K. Gharti, L. Liping

{"title":"Assessment of Aquatic Environmental Parameters of In-Pond Aquaculture System","authors":"K. Gharti, L. Liping","doi":"10.3126/on.v21i1.50761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v21i1.50761","url":null,"abstract":"The In-pond raceway aquaculture (IPRA) was developed to increase production that is more controllable and efficient than pond culture system. This study was conducted on commercial scale in IPRA to characterize the water quality and microbial community study within IPRA farms. The IPRA covers an area of 2h of traditional pond with 10 raceways, each of 25m× 5m×2.5m of fish culture units. Where monitoring of water quality parameters and microbial abundancy had been studied between inlet and outlet of the raceways during 108 days of culture period. Average water quality parameters and total soluble solid (TSS) over the course of the study was not found to be significantly difference. Nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a and chemical oxygen demand were higher in outlet than inlets of IPRA. However, average total nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus and total soluble solids concentrations were slightly higher in inlets of IPRA there was also insignificance difference of microbial abundance. Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that fishes in raceways consumed nearly all the feed offered and a negligible amount of feed was wasted. So, leftover feed settlement to the bottom of the pond became a concern of no issue, despite the raceway having intensive fish culture thus bringing non-significant differences in water quality parameters between the inlet and outlet of the IPRA system.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73415353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil organic carbon stocks in the forests of different continents 不同大陆森林土壤有机碳储量

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.45219

Pramila Gachhadar, C. Baniya, T. Mandal

{"title":"Soil organic carbon stocks in the forests of different continents","authors":"Pramila Gachhadar, C. Baniya, T. Mandal","doi":"10.3126/on.v20i1.45219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v20i1.45219","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon stocks in soil vary substantially across the globe depending on the type of forests, their locations, and soil depths. We applied meta-analysis to 64 relevant published data with no restriction of published date, country, and journals. However, it was always kept in mind to include high impacted journals. The aim of this review was to evaluate whether soil organic carbon (SOC) varies with forest types, soil depths, and altitudes. Globally, the SOC stocks in the forests were found in the order of Boreal forest (BF) > Subalpine forest (SAF) > Temperate forest (TeF) > Afromontane forest (AfMF) > Montane forest (MF)> Subtropical forest (SF) > Alpine forest (AF) > Tropical forest (TF) ranging from 64.3 t/ha to 206.6 t/ha, the minimum is in tropical forest and maximum in the boreal forest. The SOC stocks were also found varied with soil depths and forests of different continents too. The maximum value of SOC stocks was 366.94 t/ha in 0-40 cm soil depth and the minimum value was 20.16 t/ha in the 80-100 cm soil depth. Linear relationship of SOC stocks was obtained with altitudes, the value increases along the increasing elevations. In conclusion, SOC stocks varied as forests, soil depths, and elevations as well.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85384103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fish species composition, distribution and community structure in the Pathariya River of Kailali, Farwestern, Nepal 尼泊尔西南部喀拉利河的鱼类组成、分布和群落结构

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.45207

N. Neupane, Dipak Rajbanshi

{"title":"Fish species composition, distribution and community structure in the Pathariya River of Kailali, Farwestern, Nepal","authors":"N. Neupane, Dipak Rajbanshi","doi":"10.3126/on.v20i1.45207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v20i1.45207","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the status of fish resources in the Pathariya River, from September 2017 to August 2018 covering four seasons- Autumn (September, October, and November), Winter (December, January, and February), Spring (March, April, and May) and summer (June, July, and August). We used a cast net of 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm and a Gill net having 2-3 cm mesh size, 30-35 feet long and 3-4 feet width, with the help of a local fisherman. A total of 407 individuals belonging to 4 orders, 8 families, 16 genera, and 25 species were collected from Malbhanga, Thakurwdara, Sonalipur, and Dhunganatol of Pathariya River. The majority of the fishes belonged to the family Cyprinidae (53.56%) followed by Bagridae (17.44%), Mastacembelidae (11.31%), Channidae (8.11%), Cobitidae (5.65%), Claridae (1.72%), Nandidae (1.47%), and Siluridae (0.74%). The most abundant species were Puntius ticto, Puntius sophore, and Mystus tengra. The one-way analysis of variance on Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) confirmed that dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, and total hardness were the influencing factors (P<0.05) in shaping the fish community structure. The difference in fish assemblage structure and diversity in the Pathariya river are probably related to habitat type, altitude, season, several environmental factors, and anthropogenic activities.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89697022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial and temporal variation of ichthyo-faunal diversity with relation to environmental variables in the Lohandra River of eastern, Nepal 尼泊尔东部洛汉德拉河鱼类区系多样性时空变化与环境变量的关系

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.43605

Prakash Kumar, Jamuna Rajbanshi, Dipak Rajbanshi, D. Limbu

{"title":"Spatial and temporal variation of ichthyo-faunal diversity with relation to environmental variables in the Lohandra River of eastern, Nepal","authors":"Prakash Kumar, Jamuna Rajbanshi, Dipak Rajbanshi, D. Limbu","doi":"10.3126/on.v20i1.43605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v20i1.43605","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to examine space and time variation in fish community structure with relation to environmental variables in the Lohandra River. Fish samples were collected based on different habitat representations from March 2020 to February 2021, covering 12 months. Fish sampling took place from 6 am to 9 am. For the fish sampling, two cast nets of different sizes were used, one having a large mesh size of having a mesh size of 1 cm, 5 m diameter, and 5 kg weight and another having 0.5 cm, 3 m diameter, and 2 kg weight, covering 200 to 250m across each station to cover all possible areas. In addition, monofilament gill nets with mesh sizes of 6, 8, and 10 cm were used to capture the fish. In each station, 9-gill nets were left late in the evening (5 pm – 6 pm) and taken out early in the morning (6 am – 7 am) in a sampling distance of 200 - 250m. A total of 1178 specimens representing 72 species belonging to 10 orders and 25 families were documented. An analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) testing for both time (R=-0.25, P>0.05) and space (R=-0.28, P>0.05) showed no significant dissimilarity in fish assemblage structure. Results from the similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) indicated that the fish species: Cirrhinus reba, Labeo bata, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo boga, Puntius sophore, Salmostoma bacaila, Channa orientalis, Chagunius chagunio, Glossogobius giuris, Labeo caeruleus, Barilius bendelisis, Colisa faciatus, Esomus danricus, Salmostoma acinaces, and Chitala chitala. The CCA revealed that of the selected environmental variables, three parameters namely, transparency, water temperature, and water velocity (p<0.05) were found to be influencing factors to determine the fish assemblage structure of the Lohandra River.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73528986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of fungal diseases on Swertia chirayita from cultivated fields of Dolakha district, central Nepal 尼泊尔中部多拉卡地区栽培獐牙菜真菌病害的研究

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.44951

Rabindra Thapa, S. Jha

引用次数: 0

Assessment of rate and drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the lower-tropical region: a case of Punarbas Municipality, Nepal 低热带地区森林砍伐和森林退化的速度和驱动因素评估:以尼泊尔普纳尔巴斯市为例

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.44789

Prajwol Babu Subedi, Prakash Ojha, Sandeep Mahara, D. Gautam

{"title":"Assessment of rate and drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the lower-tropical region: a case of Punarbas Municipality, Nepal","authors":"Prajwol Babu Subedi, Prakash Ojha, Sandeep Mahara, D. Gautam","doi":"10.3126/on.v20i1.44789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v20i1.44789","url":null,"abstract":"Deforestation and forest degradation (D and D), the most imminent threats to the survival of species and the viability of forests as a whole, is crucial to research its rate, as well as the underlying causes. The present study examined the rate and drivers that contribute to D and D in the Punarbas municipality of Kanchanpur district, Nepal. With the help of ArcGIS 10.8, an overall pattern and rate of D and D in the study area was identified using Land Satellite images from two different years (2000 AD and 2019 AD). 11 focus group discussions and 120 household surveys were carried out to collect data on key drivers of D and D. For data collection, stratified random sampling with a sampling intensity of 1% was used, and the Friedman test was applied for one-way repeated measures analysis of drivers by ranks. The study found that the annual rate of D and D of the study area from 2000 to 2019 AD was 0.63% and the major drivers were infrastructure development followed by illegal logging, agricultural expansion, livestock grazing forest fire, fuelwood collection, settlement/ resettlement, alien invasive species, and flood and landslide. Awareness programs are highly suggested to uplift the understanding level of local people, so they can act for themselves in the conservation of their local forest and ecosystem resources.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"IA-13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84590988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Perception of transhumant herders on climate change and their adaptation strategies 流动牧民对气候变化的认知及其适应策略

Our Nature Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3126/on.v20i1.43578

M. Neupane, Rajeev Joshi, D. Bhandari, Nripesh Awasthi

{"title":"Perception of transhumant herders on climate change and their adaptation strategies","authors":"M. Neupane, Rajeev Joshi, D. Bhandari, Nripesh Awasthi","doi":"10.3126/on.v20i1.43578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v20i1.43578","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is becoming one of the greatest challenges of our times questioning the survival of humanity and the coexistence of biodiversity. Its impact is realized globally in aspects of climate-induced disasters, water stresses, rangeland, agricultural, and food production. This case study confers the extent and impact of climate change on transhumant herders along with their coping strategies in Lho and Sirdibas of Chumnurbi Rural Municipality, Gorkha. Focus group discussion, key informant interview, and questionnaire survey were carried out in two wards covering herder's perception towards various climatic variability, impacts on transhumance system, and adaptation strategies undertaken for resilience. Data were analyzed using descriptive, inferential statistics and GIS such as percentage, frequency, weighted mean, index of relative ranking, Chi-square test, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI), etc. were presented in figures and charts. This study showed that temperature is rising and precipitation is falling in the rural mountainous areas along with a decrease in snow cover and an increase in vegetation cover over a period of time. Seasonal movement of livestock is mainly guided by the search of forage resources and for adjusting the temperature. The impacts such as the decrease in pasture resources, increase in drought, decrease in agricultural production, etc. were perceived by the herders. Adaptation strategies such as the seasonal movement of livestock, diversification of income sources, and grazing resources were most noticed. Most of them were autonomous based on indigenous knowledge and innovation. The study recommends that the perceived changes and possible impacts of climate change to the transhumance systems need to be monitored scientifically over time. Further, more programs and policies should be developed for the resilience of the community.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81594717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fish community structure along altitudinal gradients with relation to environmental variables in Ratuwa River of Eastern, Nepal 尼泊尔东部拉图瓦河鱼类群落结构沿海拔梯度与环境变量的关系

Our Nature Pub Date : 2021-12-14 DOI: 10.3126/on.v19i1.41265

Dipak Rajbanshi, Jash Hang Limbu, Niraj Khadka, P. Kumar, J. Gurung, D. Limbu

{"title":"Fish community structure along altitudinal gradients with relation to environmental variables in Ratuwa River of Eastern, Nepal","authors":"Dipak Rajbanshi, Jash Hang Limbu, Niraj Khadka, P. Kumar, J. Gurung, D. Limbu","doi":"10.3126/on.v19i1.41265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v19i1.41265","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on fish community structure along altitudinal gradients of rivers are lacking in Nepal. This study was carried out to gauge the fish diversity and composition along elevational gradient in Ratuwa River. The altitudinal gradient varies between 70 m to 1300 m. Fish samples were collected based on habitat representativeness from April (spring) 10-18, July (summer) 10-18, October (autumn) 10-18, 2020 and January (winter) 10-18, 2021. A total of 3447 specimens representing 4 orders, 14 families and 36 species were identified. Both fish diversity and abundance of studied ichthyofauna vary with altitudinal gradient. The present study affirmed that fish species of Opsarius bendelisis, Schistura multifasciatus, Garra annandalei, Brachydanio rerio, Aspidoparia morar, and Schistura scaturigina are the major contributory species (>1%) for both space and time spectrums. Fish community structure testing for both to space and time showed significant difference in spatial spectrum (R=0.72, P<0.01) but no significant difference in temporal variation (R=-0.034, P>0.05). The present results hinted that fish assemblage structure varied significantly from low to high elevations, altitude, water temperature, water velocity, dissolved oxygen and pH was found as major influential factors (P<0.05) for species distribution.","PeriodicalId":19905,"journal":{"name":"Our Nature","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87477700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparative leaf morphology and anatomy on ten taxa of Calycanthaceae Lindl. (Laurales) 花萼花科十个分类群叶片形态解剖比较。(Laurales)

Our Nature Pub Date : 2021-12-14 DOI: 10.3126/on.v19i1.41212

N. Paudel, Kweon Heo

引用次数: 0