{"title":"Academic Entrepreneurship in Portugal","authors":"Oscarina Conceição, V. Rodrigues","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH015","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to understand the role of higher education institutions in promoting entrepreneurship and supporting the creation of new companies to commercialize the knowledge generated in the academic field. The objective of this chapter is to analyze the creation and survival of academic spin-off companies in Portugal from 2005 to 2015. The results show that financial crisis did not change the academic spin-offs dynamics patterns, which shows that, even in crisis period, academic spin-offs maintain creation high levels (perhaps due to necessity-driven) and reveal survival high rates. In addition, a questionnaire was carried out to obtaining the academic entrepreneur's perception about the entrepreneurial process (individual characteristics; organizational resources/capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation). In fact, these results can help policy makers to reflect on the motivations and difficulties of the entrepreneurial process of this type of companies, and thus, develop an effective regional policy agenda in supporting the academic spin-offs development.","PeriodicalId":198246,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures","volume":"349 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115971264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenges to Necessity-Driven Nascent Entrepreneurship","authors":"Mufaro Dzingirai","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH009","url":null,"abstract":"Necessity-driven nascent entrepreneurship, which often associated with new firm creation and innovation, has emerged as a topical issue in entrepreneurship scholarship across the globe in recent times especially in developing countries. While the increase in necessity-driven nascent entrepreneurs appears to be widely regarded as a powerful tool for the reduction or elimination of unemployment and poverty worldwide, insufficient attention has been given to the challenges faced by necessity-driven nascent entrepreneurs. With this literature gap in mind, this chapter aims at providing a comprehensive understanding of challenges faced by necessity-driven nascent entrepreneurs. The research establishes six challenges, namely, personal or family problems, lack of entrepreneurial self-confidence, lack of information, lack of entrepreneurial mentorship, legal and regulatory issues, and lack of adequate personal funds. The recommendations to deal with these challenges are proffered and the suggestions for further study are captured.","PeriodicalId":198246,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131243663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Will They or Won't They?","authors":"Josh Rowlands, M. Knox, Anna Cui, Tessa Campbell","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.CH006","url":null,"abstract":"Our society faces many obstacles in its continuing growth and development. With the shared anxiety of recent threats such as COVID-19, individuals around the world are forming their own ways to combat change and degradation. Even small hospitality businesses in Tasmania have been deeply impacted, with many close to closing their doors due to the reliance on the tourism industry. The absence of relevant and extensive research into nascent entrepreneurship continues to limit the pragmatic and theoretical application of the potential individuals have to instigate change. As such, the authors highlight the need for further study into the emergence and potential of entrepreneurs to further explore their behavioral development and growth. In doing so, they look to answer our research question: How can authentic leadership behaviors provide a clearer understanding to the phenomena of nascent entrepreneurial emergence and aid in their ethical development?","PeriodicalId":198246,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures","volume":"49 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120989054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}