Pediatric Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Situational Awareness and Proactive Engagement Predict Higher Time in Range in Adolescents and Young Adults Using Hybrid Closed-Loop.","authors":"Laurel H Messer,&nbsp;Paul F Cook,&nbsp;Stephen Voida,&nbsp;Casey Fiesler,&nbsp;Emily Fivekiller,&nbsp;Chinmay Agrawal,&nbsp;Tian Xu,&nbsp;Gregory P Forlenza,&nbsp;Sriram Sankaranarayanan","doi":"10.1155/2023/1888738","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/1888738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes have high HbA1c levels and often struggle with self-management behaviors and attention to diabetes care. Hybrid closed-loop systems (HCL) like the t:slim X2 with Control-IQ technology (Control-IQ) can help improve glycemic control. The purpose of this study is to assess adolescents' situational awareness of their glucose control and engagement with the Control-IQ system to determine significant factors in daily glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents (15-25 years) using Control-IQ participated in a 2-week prospective study, gathering detailed information about Control-IQ system engagements (boluses, alerts, and so on) and asking the participants' age and gender about their awareness of glucose levels 2-3 times/day without checking. Mixed models assessed which behaviors and awareness items correlated with time in range (TIR, 70-180 mg/dl, 3.9-10.0 mmol/L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen adolescents/young adults (mean age 18 ± 1.86 years and 86% White non-Hispanic) completed the study. Situational awareness of glucose levels did not correlate with time since the last glucose check (<i>p</i> = 0.8). In multivariable modeling, lower TIR was predicted on days when adolescents underestimated their glucose levels (<i>r</i> = -0.22), received more CGM alerts (<i>r</i> = -0.31), and had more pump engagements (<i>r</i> = -0.27). A higher TIR was predicted when adolescents responded to CGM alerts (<i>r</i> = 0.20) and entered carbohydrates into the bolus calculator (<i>r</i> = 0.49).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Situational awareness is an independent predictor of TIR and may provide insight into patterns of attention and focus that could positively influence glycemic outcomes in adolescents. Proactive engagements predict better TIR, whereas reactive engagement predicted lower TIR. Future interventions could be designed to train users to develop awareness and expertise in effective diabetes self-management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"2023 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10445779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10217053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes education in children and adolescents.","authors":"Anna Lindholm Olinder,&nbsp;Matthew DeAbreu,&nbsp;Stephen Greene,&nbsp;Anne Haugstvedt,&nbsp;Karin Lange,&nbsp;Edna S Majaliwa,&nbsp;Vanita Pais,&nbsp;Julie Pelicand,&nbsp;Marissa Town,&nbsp;Farid H Mahmud","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13418","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Sachs' Children and Youths Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sverige Parent and Advocate of Child with Type One Diabetes, Toronto, Ontario, Canada London Diabetes Centre, London Medical, London, UK Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway Medical Psychology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany Department of Paediatrics and child health, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Departement of peadiatrics and child health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania Department of Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Pediatric Diabetology Unit, San Camilo Hospital, Medicine School, Universidad de Valparaiso, San Felipe, Chile Childhood, Adolescence & Diabetes, Toulouse Hospital, Toulouse, France Children with Diabetes and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, California, USA Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1229-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/36/PEDI-23-1229.PMC10107631.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9312693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISPAD Annual Conference 2022 highlights.","authors":"Sze May Ng,&nbsp;Helen Day,&nbsp;Jody B Grundman,&nbsp;Peerzada Ovais Ahmad,&nbsp;Maja Raicevic,&nbsp;Tinotenda Dzikiti,&nbsp;Nancy Katkat,&nbsp;Anju Jacob,&nbsp;Marisa Ferreira Clemente,&nbsp;Hussain Alsaffar,&nbsp;Yasmine Ibrahim Elhenawy,&nbsp;Yasmine Abdelmeguid,&nbsp;Klemen Dovc","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13449","url":null,"abstract":"Paediatric Department, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Ormskirk, UK Faculty of Health, Social Care & Medicine, Edge Hill University, UK Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA Department of Endocrinology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India Institute for Children's Diseases, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro #dedoc and Zimbabwe Diabetes Association, Harare, Zimbabwe Paediatric Department, Blackpool Teaching Hospital, UK Al Jalila Childrens Specialty Hospital, Dubai, UAE Department of Paediatric Diabetes, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, UK Child Health Department, Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman College of Medicine, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Pediatrics Endocrinology and Diabetology, Alexandria University, Egypt Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, UMC – University Children's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1151-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10407028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality improvement efforts in a safety net institution: Increased diabetes screening is associated with lower HbA1c at diagnosis and improved HbA1c outcomes in youth with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Kathy Love-Osborne,&nbsp;Haley Ringwood,&nbsp;Jeanelle Sheeder,&nbsp;Phil Zeitler","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluate whether increased diabetes screening in youth is associated with lower HbA1c at T2D diagnosis and improved HbA1c outcomes in youth.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Diabetes screening rates from 2009 to 2018 were calculated. Electronic medical records identified obese youth ages 8-18 with first HbA1c ≥6.5% from 2009 to 2018; chart review confirmed incident T2D. Demographics, BMI and HbA1c values, and use of glucometer and diabetes medications were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>142 youth had T2D. Median age was 14 years (range 8-18); 58% were female. 46% were identified on first HbA1c testing. 69 (49%) had 1st HbA1c 6.5%-6.9%, 43 (30%) 7.0%-7.9%, and 30 (21%) ≥8%. Follow-up from 1st to last HbA1c was median 2.6 years (range 0-10). 121 youth had follow-up testing ≥1 year after diagnosis; of these, 87 (72%) had persistent T2D-range HbA1c or were taking diabetes medications. 85% of youth with 1st HbA1c ≥7% had persistent T2D versus 52% of those with 1st HbA1c <7% (p < 0.001). Poorly controlled diabetes at last test was present in 19% of youth with baseline HbA1c 6.5%-6.9%, 30% with 7.0%-7.9%, and 63% with ≥8% (p < 0.001). 47 (68%) with HbA1c <7% were prescribed a glucometer; 9% of youth prescribed a meter and 41% of youth not prescribed a meter had poorly controlled diabetes at last test (p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Youth with HbA1c <7% at diagnosis were less likely to have poorly controlled diabetes at follow-up. Prescription of glucometers for youth with HbA1c in this range was associated with improved HbA1c outcomes and deserves further study including components of glucometer teaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1579-1585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10454677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes.","authors":"Peter Adolfsson, Craig E Taplin, Dessi P Zaharieva, John Pemberton, Elizabeth A Davis, Michael C Riddell, Jonathan McGavock, Othmar Moser, Agnieszka Szadkowska, Prudence Lopez, Jeerunda Santiprabhob, Elena Frattolin, Gavin Griffiths, Linda A DiMeglio","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13452","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pedi.13452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1341-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3b/78/PEDI-23-1341.PMC10107219.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9823624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Glycemic targets and glucose monitoring for children, adolescents, and young people with diabetes.","authors":"Martin de Bock,&nbsp;Ethel Codner,&nbsp;Maria E Craig,&nbsp;Tony Huynh,&nbsp;David M Maahs,&nbsp;Farid H Mahmud,&nbsp;Loredana Marcovecchio,&nbsp;Linda A DiMeglio","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13455","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand Institute of Maternal and Child Research (IDMI), School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Sydney, Australia Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Department of Chemical Pathology, Mater Pathology, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Department of Epidemiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1270-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/45/PEDI-23-1270.PMC10107615.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9830509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetes technologies: Glucose monitoring.","authors":"Martin Tauschmann,&nbsp;Gregory Forlenza,&nbsp;Korey Hood,&nbsp;Roque Cardona-Hernandez,&nbsp;Elisa Giani,&nbsp;Christel Hendrieckx,&nbsp;Daniel J DeSalvo,&nbsp;Lori M Laffel,&nbsp;Banshi Saboo,&nbsp;Benjamin J Wheeler,&nbsp;Dmitry N. Laptev,&nbsp;Iroro Yarhere,&nbsp;Linda A DiMeglio","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13451","url":null,"abstract":".ac.at","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1390-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d8/cc/PEDI-23-1390.PMC10107687.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9823621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HbA1c as a time predictive biomarker for an additional islet autoantibody and type 1 diabetes in seroconverted TEDDY children.","authors":"Falastin Salami, Roy Tamura, Lu You, Åke Lernmark, Helena Elding Larsson, Markus Lundgren, Jeffrey Krischer, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, Jorma Toppari, Riitta Veijola, Marian Rewers, Michael J Haller, William Hagopian, Beena Akolkar, Carina Törn","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13413","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pedi.13413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Increased level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is associated with type 1 diabetes onset that in turn is preceded by one to several autoantibodies against the pancreatic islet beta cell autoantigens; insulin (IA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet antigen-2 (IA-2) and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8). The risk for type 1 diabetes diagnosis increases by autoantibody number. Biomarkers predicting the development of a second or a subsequent autoantibody and type 1 diabetes are needed to predict disease stages and improve secondary prevention trials. This study aimed to investigate whether HbA1c possibly predicts the progression from first to a subsequent autoantibody or type 1 diabetes in healthy children participating in the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A joint model was designed to assess the association of longitudinal HbA1c levels with the development of first (insulin or GAD autoantibodies) to a second, second to third, third to fourth autoantibody or type 1 diabetes in healthy children prospectively followed from birth until 15 years of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that increased levels of HbA1c were associated with a higher risk of type 1 diabetes (HR 1.82, 95% CI [1.57-2.10], p < 0.001) regardless of first appearing autoantibody, autoantibody number or type. A decrease in HbA1c levels was associated with the development of IA-2A as a second autoantibody following GADA (HR 0.85, 95% CI [0.75, 0.97], p = 0.017) and a fourth autoantibody following GADA, IAA and ZnT8A (HR 0.90, 95% CI [0.82, 0.99], p = 0.036). HbA1c trajectory analyses showed a significant increase of HbA1c over time (p < 0.001) and that the increase is more rapid as the number of autoantibodies increased from one to three (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, increased HbA1c is a reliable time predictive marker for type 1 diabetes onset. The increased rate of increase of HbA1c from first to third autoantibody and the decrease in HbA1c predicting the development of IA-2A are novel findings proving the link between HbA1c and the appearance of autoantibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1586-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/2a/PEDI-23-1586.PMC9772117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10220249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of insulin dosing algorithms for high-fat high-protein mixed meals to control postprandial glycemic excursions in people living with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Rana Al Balwi,&nbsp;Wedad Al Madani,&nbsp;Amal Al Ghamdi","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing postprandial blood glucose (PPG) levels after mixed meals that contain high fat and protein remains a challenge in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. This study evaluated the efficacy of different algorithms used for dosing insulin based on counting units of high fat and high protein (HFHP) meals with the current conventional method of counting carbohydrates alone to control PPG excursions. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane electronic databases were searched, with the analysis restricted to randomized control trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was the PPG (mean and standard deviation) at 240 min. The pooled final estimate was the mean difference (MD) of the PPGs at 240 min using random effect models to account for heterogeneity. In total, 15 studies were identified and included in the systemic review, of which 12 were RCTs, and three studies were non-randomized trials. The pooled MD of the PPG at 240 min was in favor of additional insulin doses in HFHP meals compared to the carbohydrate counting alone. The statistically significant results favored the combined bolus (30:70) that split over 2 h in insulin pump therapy with pooled MD of the PPG, 240 min of -24.65; 95% CI: -36.59, -8.41; and heterogeneity, 0%. Other statistically significant results favored the additional insulin added to insulin to carb ratio (ICR) of meal bolus (25-60% ICR) in multiple daily injections therapy with the pooled MD of PPG at 240 min, -21.71; 95% CI: -38.45, -4.73; and heterogeneity, 18%. Insulin treatment based on fat and protein content, in addition to carbohydrate counting, is more effective than the carbohydrate counting method alone; however, further research is warranted to determine the best equation for fat and protein counting, particularly in people with multiple daily injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1635-1646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10442403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dysglycemia and obesity on the brain in adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes: A pilot study.","authors":"Lydia L Snyder,&nbsp;Lara C Foland-Ross,&nbsp;Allison Cato,&nbsp;Allan L Reiss,&nbsp;Chetan Shah,&nbsp;Jobayer Hossain,&nbsp;Hussein Elmufti,&nbsp;Nelly Mauras","doi":"10.1111/pedi.13420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.13420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both diabetes and obesity can affect the brain, yet their impact is not well characterized in children with type 2 (T2) diabetes and obesity. This pilot study aims to explore differences in brain function and cognition in adolescents with T2 diabetes and obesity and nondiabetic controls with obesity and lean controls.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Participants were 12-17 years old (5 T2 diabetes with obesity [mean HgbA1C 10.9%], 6 nondiabetic controls with obesity and 10 lean controls). Functional MRI (FMRI) during hyperglycemic/euglycemic clamps was performed in the T2 diabetes group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When children with obesity, with and without diabetes, were grouped (mean BMI 98.8%), cognitive scores were lower than lean controls (BMI 58.4%) on verbal, full scale, and performance IQ, visual-spatial and executive function tests. Lower scores correlated with adiposity and insulin resistance but not HgbA1C. No significant brain activation differences during task based and resting state FMRI were noted between children with obesity (with or without diabetes) and lean controls, but a notable effect size for the visual-spatial working memory task and resting state was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, our pilot study suggests that obesity, insulin resistance, and dysglycemia may contribute to relatively poorer cognitive function in adolescents with T2 diabetes and obesity. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to assess if cognitive decline in children with obesity, with and without T2 diabetes, can be prevented or reversed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19797,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Diabetes","volume":"23 8","pages":"1674-1686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10446904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}