Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"BIBLICAL IMAGES AND CHRISTIAN CHURCH WOMEN'S MINISTRATION","authors":"Yevhen Kharkovshchenko","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2019.14.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.14.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the medieval interpretations of biblical images of Sophia of the Wisdom of God, Eve, Virgin Mary. Their role of women's inclusion in the social order of the Western European Medieval Society in the religious-cultural model is considered. The activity of women in religion, politics and science has been steadily increasing, but the society, at least in modern times, continues to broadcast ideas about the woman which are most clear and in detailed in the religious and cultural heritage of Christianity. They all relate to those ideas that contend with the idea of a woman's low capacity for intellectual activity, unprofessionalism, immaturity, and passivity, which are conditioned by \"feminine nature\". If, in the context of medieval religious culture, such perception was related to relevant socially predetermined functions that were actively promoted by the Christian church and supported by the specific religious space of that era, then women's ministry in the Christian church, based on women's biblical images, exemplifies the strengthening and propagation of the Christian faith.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122500876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTHROPOLOGICAL VIEWS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA THINKERS: RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES","authors":"Hanna H. Salo","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2019.13.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.13.11","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines theoretical sources of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers that influenced ideas about the person. Through the prism of the diversity of their creative heritage, one can identify the peculiar directions of their religious and philosophical vision, which was based on spirit, mind, heart, transcendence, which correlate with the Divine principle of human existence. It is emphasized that the ideas about a person of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers were influenced, firstly, by religious ideas (ethnic religion, Christian anthropology); secondly, anthropological problems in the works of ancient Rus' thinkers (the development of the idea of cordocentrism); concepts about a person Gregory Skovoroda, Pamfil Yurkevich (the doctrine of the \"internal\" person, the heart as the focus of spirituality and morality) thirdly, the Western European philosophical anthropological tradition (psychoanalysis, existentialism, personalism, dialogism, etc.). Due to the existing positions, it can be established that the anthropological trend in the religious views of the Ukrainian diaspora was expressed in such positions: the anthropological perspective was comprehended against the background of a religious worldview, which was reflected in the model of the \"man-God-peace\" relationship. Diaspora scholars have identified man as the highest value, reflected in its everyday orientations and priorities. Their anthropological teaching is based on the existential-anthropological dominant, which largely determines the content and basic structural and semantic aspects of their religious and philosophical heritage. In fact, the assertion and actualization of diaspora discourse took place on the basis of a synthesis of the domestic religious and philosophical tradition and pan-European anthropological ideas. Intertwining into a kind of mosaic, various influences formed the syncretic religious-philosophical doctrine of person, which is key to the writings of diaspora thinkers.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128225396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEPARATION ON THE JURISDDICTION OF MODERN UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX","authors":"Andrii Коbetіak","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2019.13.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.13.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of the current jurisdictional division of Ukrainian Orthodoxy into three main branches. During the years of independence, our crew never received a long-awaited religious reconciliation. Today, Ukraine is one of the largest Orthodox countries in the world. Since 1991, Orthodox churches, which are different in their jurisdiction, operate in parallel, and they are not mutually recognized and opposed to each other. Having a common Volodymyr christening and being the same or similar in content, they differ in their own institutionalization in Ukrainian society. The process and conditions of historical formation and the moment of occurrence are analyzed; universal and all-Orthodox recognition; institutionalization as a socially important element; modern development; distribution and transformation during the years of independence of the parish network of each of the Orthodox churches represented in Ukraine. It has been established that the canonical recognition of the newly formed Orthodox Church of Ukraine will contribute to the consolidation of the Ukrainian nation and the strengthening of the independence of the state. This is extremely important for the formation of a new civil society in Ukraine. Moreover, the new united church is one of the indispensable elements of the establishment of Ukrainian statehood and its weight in the international arena. At the same time, there are a number of unresolved issues. In itself, Tomos did not combine all branches of Orthodoxy into a single church at this time. Problems of simony, dominance of the episcopate in comparison with priests, Sodom sin, super-luxurious bishop's life, church extortion, low level of general and spiritual education of the majority of clergy, lack of official employment of the clergy, extracurricular profitable activity of clergy and others remain unsolved. At the beginning of 2019, the jurisdictional separation continues. The pro-Russian church in the vast majority of dioceses and parishes does not participate in the process of association. Only the beginning of the CSP as a legal entity and its official registration have begun. Delegates are expected to be nominated and the first Organizing Synod of the newly formed church structure is to be convened. It is important to declare its existence, but to achieve its recognition by all the local churches of the world without a real and complete unification of the currently divided Orthodox churches in Ukraine will be difficult. Therefore, the in-depth analysis of the jurisdictional division of Ukrainian Orthodoxy in its historical section will give an opportunity to explain as much as possible the essence and reasons for the distinction for their possible elimination and further unification.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131276156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ABILITIES OF THE HUMAN PERSON AND THE QUESTION OF FREEDOM","authors":"Kateryna Rassudina","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2019.13.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.13.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issue of human freedom in its moral aspect. The main question is whether the inclinations and abilities of a person are barriers to his or her freedom. In order to answer this question the author addresses to medieval (Thomas Aquinas) and modern (Karol Wojtyla, Dietrich von Hildebrand, Grzegorz Holub) thinkers. Following Wojtyla the author claims that freedom means the dependence of the dynamization of the person on his or her selfness. The person is able to transcend natural inclinations, but not every inclination that corresponds to human nature interferes freedom. It should be mentioned, at least, the inclination for truth and good. Natural inclinations of a human being do not limit the freedom. To be natural is to be spontaneous, that is to correspond to freedom. Human affects indicate a certain dependence on an object. However, the person has the freedom to accept his or her affective responses or distance himself or herself from them. Self-control also does not deny freedom. Control implies an understanding of person's desires. So, reason conduces a choice, decision making. The moment of choice among multiple alternatives is especially important. It demonstrates both the independence of the will from the objects and the active orientation of the will on value. Freedom is not a passive perception of values, but active engagement in them. Causes and motives cease to be determinants of free action when the reason gives the consent to them, accepting them as its own. Freedom to engage in value should not be confused with the ability to name the value those objects that the will spontaneously desires. It seems that a person's action cannot be free because of its focus on good, besides the true and objective good. Paradoxically, knowledge of the truth of the good becomes a prerequisite for subject's independence. Human morality, as well as the focus on conscious good, do not oppress, but purify freedom and make the person truly independent in his or her self-determination.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129025786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIALISTIC HUMANISM AND REALISTIC TRENDS IN THE ART IN THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE VOLODYMYR ANTONENKO","authors":"N. Yarmolitska, Maryna Moskalchuk","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2020.15.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2020.15.12","url":null,"abstract":"In the article is considered the ideas of ukrainian philosophy of soviet period V. Antonenko, and so the influence of the ideology of that time on the formation of the scientific worldview of the scientist is analyzed. Theoretical reconstruction of V. Antonenko's views on socialist humanism is carried out, principles of which he shows as the highest form of humanism, contrasting the anti-humanist essence of Christian preaching \"love of neighbor\" and depicts socialist reality as a practical embodiment of true humanistic ideas. Analyzed of views V. Antonenko on art the socialistic realism, which is presented as the highest stage in the development of progressive world art. The scientist traces the origin of art, explains how it was brought to life, what contribution religion has made to its best achievements. V. Antonenko explores the anti-religious and anti-church orientation of the works of many representatives of fine arts. He is analyzing the views of idealist aesthetics and theologians on art. V. Antonenko thoroughly researches the stages of development of humanism, traces its social and cultural movement, which arose in the XIV century. in Italy; studies the humanistic ideas of the leading figures of the Renaissance, who found their further development in the works of the ideological predecessors of the French Revolution of the XVIII century; explores the humanistic ideas of the utopian socialists of the nineteenth century; studies the period of development of Ukrainian and Russian art in the period of radical destruction of old traditions and the influence of religious ideology on their formation; considers a whole galaxy of outstanding artists of the second half of the nineteenth century, who glorified culture and began to speak a new about art as a higher product of human genius, about the principles of realism in art. V. Antonenko's research on the relationship between art and other forms of social consciousness, which are related to the problems of forming norms and principles of communist morality, is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114994080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOBILITY OF ORTHODOXY IN MODERN UKRAINE","authors":"K. Lobanova","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2022.19.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2022.19.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article is about modern Orthodoxy in Ukraine. First of all, it shows the way of Orthodoxy in the process of globalization and makes an attempt to describe a position of church in modern conditions. The article appeals to the data of opinion polls which have been carried out within the last 15 years. These data help to understand how opinions of Ukrainian people were changing regarding an idea of a local Orthodox church. At the same time, an attempt of explanation of Ukrainian religious complications is being done. The article attempts to summarize the role of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine, to describe its activities in recent years: from the beginning of an independence and opening a free path to other religions – and to modern multi-religious Ukraine, where Orthodoxy still holds the position of the guide of spiritual life. Also the article examines researches of some Ukrainian scientists in different fields and shows future possibilities of the Orthodox church in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115699188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE: ESSENTIALITY AND NEW CONTEXTUAL MEANINGS","authors":"M. Nesterova","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2022.20.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2022.20.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers different approaches to the problem of freedom of conscience. As a result of the formed approaches, it can be established that the essence of research attitudes regarding freedom of conscience was mainly expressed in the model of the relationship \"religious organization-person-state\". Its leading idea can be considered a combination of two discursive directions of understanding freedom of conscience, which are directly related to each other – legal and axiological. Through the prism of various approaches correlated with modern scientific discourses, new contextual realities are proposed, within which freedom of conscience changes semantic nuances, being realized in the space of religious security, in its which is a free practice of faith by every person within the limits of the freedom of functioning of religious organizations is possible. It is emphasized that the essential features of freedom of conscience are influenced, firstly, by personal factors (worldview, religious traditions, etc.); secondly, confessional and inter-confessional communicative practices (both within the same denomination and at the inter-confessional level); thirdly, institutional \"slices\" (interactions in the processes of institutionalization), fourthly, state powers (observance of laws, consideration of international experience, prevention of abuse of religion, etc.). Their conceptualization is based on the existential-legal dominant, which largely determines their scientific discourse's content and main structural and semantic aspects. The affirmation and actualization of this discourse took place based on the synthesis of the domestic religious and legal tradition and pan-European humanistic and legal visions. Such a synthesis makes it possible to understand freedom of conscience not only as a worldview value, but also as a strategy for implementing religious security, thanks to which resistance to external and internal threats is possible.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115715410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient and Christian anthropology: three hypotheses about the origin of the soul","authors":"V. Lymar","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2021.18.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2021.18.11","url":null,"abstract":"In Eastern Christian philosophy, there are several views on the origin of the soul, which, in turn, were borrowed from ancient philosophy. This article deals with the study of three main hypotheses about the origin of the soul, which originate from ancient philosophy and pre-Christian religious beliefs. The reception of these hypotheses with some transformation and adaptation was adopted and further developed by prominent Christian thinkers of both the East and the West. Therefore, the main emphasis is on the development of these hypotheses from patrology and later – in Christian philosophy, to modern research. In the first three centuries, the Christian doctrine of the origin of the human soul was not yet clearly defined. One or another thinker only occasionally pondered on this issue. Of course, the main source from which the basis for philosophizing was taken was the Bible. However, Christian thinkers also resorted to ancient Greek philosophy, within which all three views on the origin of the soul were previously formed: the hypothesis of the re-existence of souls, creationism – that is, the creation of the soul and traditionism – the birth of the soul. The three hypotheses we considered about the origin of the human soul coexisted peacefully among the philosophers of antiquity. In the Christian tradition, the hypothesis of predestination was relatively quickly exposed and rejected as contrary to the authority of the Bible. From the standpoint of Christianity, the hypotheses of creationism and translationism have their advantages, but also their disadvantages, and, therefore, since the time of church councils, Christian thinkers have been trying to combine these two hypotheses. The hypothesis of translationism, which is the most consistent with modern scientific discoveries, is considered separately. This hypothesis is investigated in connection with the achievements of genetics and cytology, in particular, taking into account the knowledge accumulated by mankind about the development of the fetus from conception. Also, the hypothesis of traditionism is analyzed in accordance with the requirements of philosophical anthropology regarding the presence of freedom and responsibility in man.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123106096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodox confessions in Ukraine during Covid-19: the comparative analysis of functioning","authors":"Yevhen Kharkovshchenko, V. Turenko, Kateryna Kozar","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2021.18.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2021.18.9","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic has intensified changes in the government's relations with religious organizations not only around the world, but also in Ukraine. That is why it appears not only as a threat, but also as a challenge. Religious understanding focuses not so much on the study of the causes of epidemics, diseases, etc., but focuses on highlighting the specifics of the functioning of religious organizations, including Orthodox in such a crisis, the peculiarities of state-confessional relations during a pandemic, as well as disclosing potential consequences. both for the clergy and the laity. Domestic Orthodox denominations, as well as other religious organizations in general, found themselves between the threat of full-fledged worship and the challenge of new forms of communication between the clergy and the faithful. In particular, the PCU has clearly followed the instructions of the WHO, the Ministry of Health and the government regarding compliance with restrictions on the functioning of religious organizations. However, all this resulted in discussions within the clergy about the potential introduction of online sacraments such as Communion and Confession. At the same time, the position of the head of the UOC-KP, Patriarch Filaret, was as follows: a pandemic is not a reason to deviate from the established practice of worshiping the Orthodox Church. This manifested itself in the fact that the UOC clergy often ignored quarantine restrictions, especially in large monasteries. We believe that such intransigence of the UOC representatives to the recommendations and restrictions imposed by the state authorities is due to the fact that it is in this Orthodox denomination that a fairly large number of fundamentalist believers are observed.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123580533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBABILISTIC METHOD OF RICHARD SWINBURNE AS A MEANS OF CONSTRUCTING A NEW THEISTIC COSMOLOGY","authors":"Ihor Gudyma","doi":"10.17721/sophia.2019.13.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.13.4","url":null,"abstract":"In the article a comprehensive study of the probabilistic method of the famous British theologian and philosopher Richard Swinburne. This approach serves as a means of constructing a new theistic cosmology. Richard Swinburne's philosophical and theological project is ambitious and significant. He prefers to combine the truths of faith and the achievements of modern science. However, this should be under the auspices of the religious worldview. This combination is carried out by the author from the standpoint of probabilism. It relies on the selection of inductive evidence of the existence of God and ultimately must demonstrate the proper probability of a central position in the religious worldview – \"God exists\". Such a combination is, according to the author, the living and active soul of his own \"hypothesis of theism\". This hypothesis is intended to explain the emergence of the universe, the causes of its occurrence, the existence and functioning of its permanent laws, its orientation to the emergence of animals and the appearance of man.\u0000The author widely uses the inductive proof of the existence of God. But he also does not avoid deduction. He deduces the main attributes of God through deduction, interprets the \"God-world\" relation, examines the essence of God's providential care of the world, together with ethics, gives his vision of the theodicy. The construction of a new theistic cosmology is realized mainly within the limits and means of the apologetics of Swinburne. In this system of knowledge, various ways of proving the existence of God are investigated. Subsequently they receive a proper theological assessment. And, then, it's about faith that seeks understanding. It is shown how the large-scale and ambitious project of constructing a new theology, the author failed to fully realize. The article states that Swinburne prefers to preserve the theoretical orientation of his theorizing, as well as their intellectual respectability and significance. And hence, it significantly degrades its own concept, because it does not fully utilize the theoretical resources of classical theism with its reliance on Revelation.","PeriodicalId":196975,"journal":{"name":"Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123807232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}