3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000376

Ramya Roopa Sengottuvel, Aristo Mendis, Nazneen Sultan, Shivira Shukla, Anirban Chaudhuri, Uttara Mendiratta

{"title":"From pets to plates: network analysis of trafficking in tortoises and freshwater turtles representing different types of demand","authors":"Ramya Roopa Sengottuvel, Aristo Mendis, Nazneen Sultan, Shivira Shukla, Anirban Chaudhuri, Uttara Mendiratta","doi":"10.1017/s0030605323000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605323000376","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite being protected under the law, illegal trade in tortoises and freshwater turtles is common in India, with different species being trafficked for different markets. Indian species of tortoises and hard-shell turtles are predominantly trafficked for the pet trade and soft-shell turtles for the meat trade. Given their distinct markets, the operation of trade may vary between these different groups of tortoises and freshwater turtles, thereby necessitating different types of interventions. However, a systematic examination of illegal trade in tortoises and freshwater turtles that takes into account the differences between these markets is currently lacking. Here we compare the supply networks of tortoises/hard-shell turtles (in demand for pet trade) vs soft-shell turtles (meat trade), using information from 78 and 64 seizures, respectively, that were reported in the media during 2013–2019. We used social network analysis to compare the two networks and the role of individual nodes (defined as locations at the district or city scale) within these networks. We found that the tortoise/hard-shell turtle network had a larger geographical scale, with more international trafficking links, than the soft-shell turtle network. We recorded convoluted smuggling routes in tortoise/hard-shell turtle trafficking, whereas soft-shell turtle trafficking was uni-directional from source to destination. Within both networks, we found that a few nodes played disproportionately important roles as key exporting, importing or transit nodes. Our study provides insights into the similarities and differences in the illegal supply networks of different groups of tortoises and freshwater turtles, in demand for different markets. We highlight the need for intervention strategies tailored to address the illegal trade in each of these groups.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic survey of the online trade in elephant ivory in Singapore before and after a domestic trade ban 对新加坡国内象牙贸易禁令前后的网上象牙贸易进行系统调查

3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000728

Hazelina H.T. Yeo, Sean J.W. Ng, Janelle S.R. Lee, Malcolm C.K. Soh, Anna M.S. Wong, Adrian H.B. Loo, Kenneth B.H. Er

{"title":"A systematic survey of the online trade in elephant ivory in Singapore before and after a domestic trade ban","authors":"Hazelina H.T. Yeo, Sean J.W. Ng, Janelle S.R. Lee, Malcolm C.K. Soh, Anna M.S. Wong, Adrian H.B. Loo, Kenneth B.H. Er","doi":"10.1017/s0030605323000728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605323000728","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The illegal online trade in wildlife has increased significantly over the last 2 decades. Applying a systematic survey approach, we examined the online trade in elephant ivory before and after the implementation of a domestic trade ban in Singapore, to understand the forms of elephant ivory offered for sale, the e-commerce sites used and the effect of the domestic trade ban. Using elephant ivory and lookalikes in form, shape and colour as proxies for elephant ivory, we found that most of the online listings consisted of bird cages and related accessories such as bird feeding cups and ornaments used to adorn them. After the domestic trade ban in elephant ivory was implemented on 1 September 2021, a 76% drop in total listings was observed. Causal impact analysis indicated a strong causal effect of the domestic trade ban, resulting in an 83% drop in the mean number of new listings found weekly relative to the predicted counterfactual market response based on a Bayesian structural time-series model in the absence of the ban. E-commerce sites play an important role in combatting illegal wildlife trade online by removing flagged listings and sending notifications to raise awareness of the ban. We found textual descriptions of products to be more effective for preliminary differentiation of legal and potentially illegal listings compared to the detection of Schreger lines in images, although this remains a significant challenge for law enforcement. Our findings can inform future efforts to develop automated detection methods for elephant ivory in online markets.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135741699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights from the media into the bird trade in India: an analysis of reported seizures 媒体对印度鸟类贸易的洞察:对报告缉获的分析

3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605322001594

Sharda Kalra, Alisa Davies, Rowan O. Martin, Asha Poonia

{"title":"Insights from the media into the bird trade in India: an analysis of reported seizures","authors":"Sharda Kalra, Alisa Davies, Rowan O. Martin, Asha Poonia","doi":"10.1017/s0030605322001594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605322001594","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract India has an extensive bird trade that provides income and livelihoods for many people but involves considerable unregulated and illegal activity, threatening both native and exotic species and posing potential health risks to people and wildlife. Action to curb illegal trade is vital, but there is currently a lack of information on trade routes and the species involved to inform the development of strategies to address such trade. We therefore examined media reports of bird trade seizures published during 2010–2020 as a cost-effective approach to gaining insights into the composition and structure of the bird trade in India. We collected 182 media reports referring to 109 seizure events by searching for keywords on popular search engines and Indian newspaper websites. We found that 25,850 birds were seized, most frequently members of the family Psittacidae. Of the 58 species identified, 18 were native and 40 non-native to India. The greatest numbers of birds were seized in Uttar Pradesh. Analyses of trade networks indicate that Uttar Pradesh is an important trade hotspot particularly for native species and has strong transnational connections with neighbouring Nepal. We identified West Bengal as an important trade hotspot, particularly for non-native species, probably because of its extensive land borders with neighbouring countries, including Bangladesh. Our study highlights priority areas for interventions as well as key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to facilitate the development of strategies to manage illegal, unsustainable and otherwise harmful trading of birds.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent studies on Indian primates show declining population trends, even in protected areas 最近对印度灵长类动物的研究表明，即使在保护区，种群数量也呈下降趋势

3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000716

Shahid Hameed, Tawqir Bashir, Mohammad Niamat Ali, Munib Khanyari, Ajith Kumar

{"title":"Recent studies on Indian primates show declining population trends, even in protected areas","authors":"Shahid Hameed, Tawqir Bashir, Mohammad Niamat Ali, Munib Khanyari, Ajith Kumar","doi":"10.1017/s0030605323000716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605323000716","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Population size and geographical range are the key quantitative criteria used by the IUCN to assess the conservation status of a species. However, such information is often incomplete and inconsistent, even for seemingly abundant species. To assess the population and conservation status of Indian primates, we conducted a systematic review of recent research using the searching, appraisal, synthesis and analysis (SALSA) approach. We reviewed a total of 41 studies on Indian primates conducted during the last 2 decades (2000–2021) for information on various parameters that influence their conservation. We found that 20 out of a total of 26 primate species were evaluated for their population status, and the majority of these studies (71%) showed an overall declining population trend. Remarkably, all but one of the studies conducted exclusively within protected areas revealed declining population trends, whereas trends were more variable for primate populations in non-protected areas. Our data indicate that only 27% (n = 7) of Indian primate species have been surveyed or re-surveyed to assess their population status within the last 5 years. Although threats vary in time and space from species to species, 78% of the studies recorded natural system modifications including habitat loss and fragmentation among the main threats to the survival of Indian primates. Most studies on the population status of Indian primates have either been spatially limited or used outdated methods. We recommend that future studies adopt robust techniques to estimate populations and work across larger geographical scales to develop effective management strategies for the conservation of primates in India.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Giant panda loan exhibitions in China underdeliver on educating visitors: insights and recommendations for improvements 中国的大熊猫借展在教育游客方面做得不够:见解和改进建议

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605322001545

Xuemei Yao, Wei Li, Wenhao Hu, Ling Zhang, Dingzhen Liu

{"title":"Giant panda loan exhibitions in China underdeliver on educating visitors: insights and recommendations for improvements","authors":"Xuemei Yao, Wei Li, Wenhao Hu, Ling Zhang, Dingzhen Liu","doi":"10.1017/s0030605322001545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605322001545","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca exhibits are popular attractions for zoos and wildlife parks. However, it remains to be investigated whether such exhibits enhance visitor knowledge about pandas and broader conservation issues. We conducted questionnaire surveys at giant panda exhibits at three city zoos and five wildlife parks in China. Although visitors were generally interested in the giant panda, this was not reflected in their post-exhibit knowledge of giant panda biology. Socio-demographically, men were more knowledgeable of giant panda biology than women. Knowledge correlated positively with respondent level of education. Younger respondents (< 45 years) knew most about giant pandas and expressed an interest in learning more about them using social media. The most informed respondents had visited other giant panda exhibits previously. Respondents were generally satisfied with the giant panda exhibits (mean score 4.44/5). Wildlife parks delivered a better educational outcome than city zoos. We recommend approaches to improve the visitor experience further and to leverage public interest in broader conservation engagement and action in China.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47980155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group launches its Species Use Database 可持续利用和生计专家组启动物种利用数据库

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000820

Rachel Hoffmann, D. Roe

引用次数: 0

Successful ex situ conservation of Nymphaea candida 念珠美人迁地保护成功

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000650

Huiliang Liu, Yuanming Zhang, Kaiyun Guan, Xinyu Zhou

{"title":"Successful ex situ conservation of Nymphaea candida","authors":"Huiliang Liu, Yuanming Zhang, Kaiyun Guan, Xinyu Zhou","doi":"10.1017/s0030605323000650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605323000650","url":null,"abstract":"Nymphaea candida J. Presl &C. Presl is a perennial herbaceous plant occurring in Xinjiang, Siberia, Central Asia and Europe. This species exhibits several potentially valuable medicinal properties and has ornamental value, but it has declined as a result of habitat degradation and loss, and collection. Globally, the number of mature individuals is , , and is decreasing. In China, this species is categorized as a national secondclass protected wild plant. Although it is categorized as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, it is categorized as Endangered on the China Biodiversity Red List–Higher Plant Volume. In August , we discovered a wild population of N. candida in Gongliu County, Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang. We took samples and the species was introduced and cultivated in Yili Botanical Garden. The cultivated Nymphaea candida seedlings developed leaves during April–May , and flowered during June– July. The flowers open in the afternoon and close in the evening, for – days. The plants bore fruit during August–September , and we were able to collect the seeds. In November, the stems and leaves withered and died. The successful flowering and fruiting of N. candida in Yili Botanical Garden demonstrates the potential for ex situ conservation of this species. This success provides a practical foundation for establishing artificial cultivation centres and for future reintroductions of the species. We are conducting a comprehensive study of its genetics, reproductive biology, physiological ecology, medicinal value and ecology.","PeriodicalId":19694,"journal":{"name":"Oryx","volume":"57 1","pages":"559 - 559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46627990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a national conservation action plan for threatened trees of Guinea 为几内亚濒危树木制定国家保护行动计划

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000832

C. Couch, S. Magassouba, Mamadou Saliou Kante

引用次数: 0

ORX volume 57 issue 5 Cover and Front matter ORX第57卷第5期封面和封面

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323001205

引用次数: 0

IUCN launches Behaviour Change Task Force 世界自然保护联盟启动行为改变工作组

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Oryx Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0030605323000819

D. Veríssimo, Isa Pinho

引用次数: 0

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