Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Establishment of a Rabbit Model of Adjacent Intervertebral Disk Degeneration After Lumbar Fusion and Fixation and Evaluation of Autophagy Factor Expression in Nucleus Pulposus Cells","authors":"Jiawen Sun, MMed, Fuyu Chen, MMed, Xiaodong Wei, MMed, Yufu Ou, MD","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240424-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20240424-04","url":null,"abstract":"<section><h3>Background:</h3><p>The objectives of this research were to establish an animal model of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) bordering lumbar fusion and to investigate the expression of autophagy factors in nucleus pulposus cells of adjacent intervertebral disks.</p></section><section><h3>Materials and Methods:</h3><p>Twenty-four adult New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled and divided into two groups: group A (n=12) and group B (n=12). Posterolateral fusion and fixation were performed after intervertebral disk degeneration occurred in group A, and the rabbits were monitored for 6 months. Group B was the control group and did not undergo fusion surgery. These rabbits were monitored for 6 months. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, ADAMTS-4, and MMP-3. An external database, the GEO database, was used to examine the expression of these genes and analyze them for differential expression.</p></section><section><h3>Results:</h3><p>After lumbar fusion in rabbits, the animal model of ASD exhibited gradual degeneration of adjacent intervertebral disks over time. Group A displayed significantly higher mRNA and protein expressions of PINK1 and MMP-3 but lower expression of ADAMTS-4 compared with group B (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). The results analyzed in the GEO database showed that the expression of PINK1 was higher in group A than in group B, while the expression of ADAMTS-4 was lower in group A than in group B.</p></section><section><h3>Conclusion:</h3><p>After posterolateral lumbar fusion in rabbits, the animal ASD model showed gradual deterioration of adjacent intervertebral disks with prolonged follow-up. The findings indicate the important role of autophagy in the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in adjacent intervertebral disks. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]</p></section>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-Year Outcomes of Cementless Versus Cemented Fixation of a Newly Introduced Total Knee Arthroplasty Design.","authors":"Timothy G Costales, David F Dalury","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240122-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20240122-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aseptic loosening continues to be a major cause of failure of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Although cemented fixation remains the gold standard, there is renewed interest in cementless fixation as a means of decreasing this risk via biologic fixation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of cemented and cementless versions of a newly introduced TKA design at an average of 4 years postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case-control study of 100 primary TKAs comparing cementless vs cemented TKAs using the same cruciate-retaining implant design (ATTUNE Knee System; DePuy Synthes). Fifty patients undergoing cementless TKA with a mean age of 60.8 years (range, 48-71 years) and body mass index (BMI) of 31.6 kg/m² (range, 23.7-41.9 kg/m²) were matched to 50 patients undergoing primary cemented TKA with a mean age of 62.7 years (range, 51-73 years) and BMI of 30.1 kg/m² (range, 24.6-43.9 kg/m²). The mean follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 4.0-4.4 years) in the cementless group and 7.6 years (range, 7.5-7.7 years) in the cemented group. Complications, clinical outcomes using the Knee Society Score (KSS), and radiographic analyses were evaluated at final follow-up. Student's <i>t</i> tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistical difference in age, BMI, and preoperative KSS between the two groups (<i>P</i>=.12, <i>P</i>=.15, and <i>P</i>=.55, respectively). There were no complications or reoperations in either cohort. There were no statistical differences in range of motion and total KSS at final follow-up between the two groups. Final total KSS had a mean of 91.1 for the cementless group and 93.7 for the cemented group. There was no radiographic evidence of component subsidence or loosening in either cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When compared with its cemented counterpart, the newly introduced cementless TKA design had similar excellent clinical improvements and radiologic results at an average of 4 years of follow-up. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):161-166.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiligament Knee Reconstruction With Suture Tape Augmentation: Patient-Reported Outcomes at Minimum 2-Year Follow-up","authors":"Brian Panish, MD, Jonathan J. Lawson, MS, Seleem Elkadi, MD, Eliana Schaefer, MD, Gregory Perraut, MD, Evan H. Argintar, MD","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240424-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20240424-02","url":null,"abstract":"<section><h3>Background:</h3><p>Multiligament knee injury (MLKI) is a severe subclass of orthopedic injury and can result in significant functional impairment. Novel MLKI graft constructs such as suture augmentation aim to enhance graft strength and optimize knee stability. The purpose of this study was to present patient-reported outcome measurements of a cohort at a minimum follow-up of 2 years after multiligament knee reconstruction (MLKR) with suture augmentation.</p></section><section><h3>Materials and Methods:</h3><p>A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients who underwent MLKR with suture augmentation. Demographic and injury-specific variables were gathered preoperatively and postoperatively. Patients were contacted at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively to collect Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, Multiligament Quality of Life, and Lysholm knee scores.</p></section><section><h3>Results:</h3><p>Twenty-seven patients underwent MLKR with suture augmentation, with 15 being female (55.6%) and 12 being male (44.4%). The mean pain score was 49.93±9.96, the mean physical function score was 49.56±10.94, and the mean mobility score was 47.56±8.58. The mean physical impairment score was 33.96±23.69, the mean emotional impairment score was 36.55±26.60, the mean activity limitation score was 28.00±25.61, and the mean societal involvement score was 30.09±27.45. The mean Lysholm knee score for the cohort was 67.93±22.36.</p></section><section><h3>Conclusion:</h3><p>Patients who underwent MLKR with suture augmentation had satisfactory scores across all patient-reported outcome measurements. On the basis of these criteria, the average patient achieved an acceptable clinical outcome, demonstrating that MLKR with suture augmentation is a safe and efficacious surgical technique for the treatment of MLKI. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]</p></section>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Two Artificial Intelligence Generative Language Models on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination.","authors":"Marc Lubitz, Luke Latario","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240304-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20240304-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) generative large language models are powerful and increasingly accessible tools with potential applications in health care education and training. The annual Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) is widely used to assess resident academic progress and preparation for the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part 1 Examination.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Open AI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard generative language models were administered the 2022 OITE. Question stems that contained images were input without and then with a text-based description of the imaging findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT answered 69.1% of questions correctly. When provided with text describing accompanying media, this increased to 77.8% correct. In contrast, Bard answered 49.8% of questions correctly. This increased to 58% correct when text describing imaging in question stems was provided (<i>P</i><.0001). ChatGPT was most accurate in questions within the shoulder category, with 90.9% correct. Bard performed best in the sports category, with 65.4% correct. ChatGPT performed above the published mean of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education orthopedic resident test-takers (66%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is significant variability in the accuracy of publicly available AI models on the OITE. AI generative language software may play numerous potential roles in the future in orthopedic education, including simulating patient presentations and clinical scenarios, customizing individual learning plans, and driving evidence-based case discussion. Further research and collaboration within the orthopedic community is required to safely adopt these tools and minimize risks associated with their use. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e146-e150.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e146-e150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Inclusive Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Orthopedic Surgery Outcomes.","authors":"Maveric K I L Abella, Tyler Thorne, Jeffrey Hayashi, Andrea K Finlay, Steven Frick, Derek F Amanatullah","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240122-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20240122-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite increasing attention, disparities in outcomes for Black and Hispanic patients undergoing orthopedic surgery are widening. In other racial-ethnic minority groups, outcomes often go unreported. We sought to quantify disparities in surgical outcomes among Asian, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander patients across multiple orthopedic subspecialties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program was queried to identify all surgical procedures performed by an orthopedic surgeon from 2014 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the impact of race and ethnicity on 30-day medical complications, readmission, reoperation, and mortality, while adjusting for orthopedic subspecialty and patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 1,512,480 orthopedic procedures, all patients who were not White were less likely to have arthroplasty-related procedures (<i>P</i><.001), and Hispanic, Asian, and American Indian or Alaskan Native patients were more likely to have trauma-related procedures (<i>P</i><.001). American Indian or Alaskan Native (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.005; 95% CI, 1.001-1.009; <i>P</i>=.011) and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander (AOR, 1.009; 95% CI, 1.005-1.014; <i>P</i><.001) patients had higher odds of major medical complications compared with White patients. American Indian or Alaskan Native patients had higher risk of reoperation (AOR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.002-1.008; <i>P</i>=.002) and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander patients had higher odds of mortality (AOR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000-1.005; <i>P</i>=.019) compared with White patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disparities regarding surgical outcome and utilization rates persist across orthopedic surgery. American Indian or Alaskan Native and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander patients, who are under-represented in research, have lower rates of arthroplasty but higher odds of medical complication, reoperation, and mortality. This study highlights the importance of including these patients in orthopedic research to affect policy-related discussions. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e131-e138.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e131-e138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cost Analysis of Surgical Approach in Total Hip Arthroplasty.","authors":"Niall H Cochrane, Colleen Wixted, Billy Kim, Patrick J Kelly, Michael P Bolognesi, David Holst, Samuel Wellman, Sean P Ryan","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20240304-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20240304-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With pressures to decrease the financial burden of total hip arthroplasty (THA), it is imperative to understand the cost drivers of this procedure. This study evaluated operative and total encounter costs for two surgical approaches to THA-posterior (P) and direct anterior (DA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 233 THAs (134 P and 99 DA) performed by two fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons from 2017 to 2022 were reviewed. Demographics, comorbidities, mobility status, operative time, length of stay, implants used, discharge location, and complications until final follow-up were recorded. Total encounter cost was collected and itemized. Multivariable regression analyses evaluated predictors of cost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were differences in age (67 years for DA and 63 years for P; <i>P</i>=.03), body mass index (28.0 kg/m² for DA and 33.8 kg/m² for P; <i>P</i><.01), Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score (4.6 for DA and 5.6 for P; <i>P</i>=.04), and operative time (2.1 hours for DA and 1.9 hours for P; <i>P</i><.01) between the two cohorts. The DA cohort trended toward shorter length of stay, with the highest percentage of patients discharged home (86.9%; <i>P</i>=.02). The P cohort had the lowest encounter ($9601 for DA and $9100 for P; <i>P</i>=.20) and intraoperative (including implant used) ($7268 for DA and $6792 for P; <i>P</i><.01) costs. The DA cohort had a significantly higher cost of radiology during the encounter ($244; <i>P</i><.01). Regression analysis demonstrated that length of stay and DA approach were both predictors of increased encounter cost.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DA cohort had improved measures of health; however, this approach was associated with a higher operative cost and was predictive of increased encounter cost despite a shorter length of stay. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e151-e156.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e151-e156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zone I Revision Finger Amputations Performed in the Emergency Department Compared With Those Performed in the Operating Room.","authors":"Michael J Anderson, Brett R Campbell, Brittany E Homcha, Susan J Boehmer, Kenneth F Taylor","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20231027-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20231027-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finger amputations are commonly encountered. These may be revised in the emergency department (ED) or the operating room (OR). Previous studies have demonstrated the cost-effectiveness associated with procedures performed in the ED. Patient outcomes have not been described. We retrospectively reviewed patients who presented to our level 1 trauma center with a traumatic partial or complete finger amputation through flexor tendon zone I. All were treated with revision amputation performed in either the ED or the OR between January 2012 and December 2017. A total of 172 patient charts were included. Ninety-three of the revision amputations were performed in the ED, while 79 were performed in the OR. There was no difference in age, race, sex, having a manual labor job, medical comorbidities, or mechanism of injury between the groups. Compared with procedures performed in the ED, procedures performed in the OR had a higher rate of delayed healing, a longer stay in the hospital, and a higher referral to therapy postoperatively. Length of follow-up and number of follow-up visits were not statistically different based on location of procedure. There was no difference in post-procedural infection rate or need for revision procedure between the groups. Our data support the efficacy of performing revision amputation procedures in the ED. Recorded patient complications and subsequent treatment after revision amputations performed in the ED vs the OR were comparable. Those performed in the ED potentially decrease the burden placed on the patient and the health care system. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):152-156.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71425736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic Versus Open In Situ Decompression for the Management of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome.","authors":"Byung-Sung Kim, Ki Jin Jung, Jae-Hwi Nho, Joo Young Cha","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20231027-06","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20231027-06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compared the results of endoscopic cubital tunnel release (eCuTR) with those of open cubital tunnel release (oCuTR) for the management of cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). In this retrospective study, 35 patients underwent eCuTR or oCuTR. Group I and group II consisted of 16 patients undergoing eCuTR and 19 patients undergoing oCuTR, respectively. Patients were asked to report paresthesia and pain, and electromyography was performed. The Dellon and Bishop classifications were used. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were recorded, as well as the key pinch strength and two-point discrimination. The incision length and operation duration were noted. The mean follow-up was 39 months. The mean operating time was longer in the endoscopy group (43 vs 22 minutes). Overall, 34.3% (n=12) of the cases were classified as Dellon grade II and 65.7% (n=23) were classified as Dellon grade III. According to the Bishop score, excellent or good results were obtained for 75% of the patients in the eCuTR group and 78.9% of the patients in the oCuTR group. In the eCuTR and oCuTR groups, all outcome measures improved after surgery: DASH score (preoperative, 37.7 vs 30.7; postoperative, 15.4 vs 20), VAS score (preoperative, 7.8 vs 7.3; postoperative, 4.3 vs 4.1), pinch strength (preoperative, 74 vs 66; postoperative, 93 vs 84), and two-point discrimination (preoperative, 5.6 vs 6.6; postoperative, 4.9 vs 4.5). No significant difference was apparent between the two techniques in outcomes. However, the endoscopic release had a higher reoperation rate and took twice as long to perform despite having a shorter incision. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e119-e124.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e119-e124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71425731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Digital Templating Method for Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Unilateral Hip Arthrosis.","authors":"Matthew Mazur, Ishan Patel, Abdul K Zalikha, Guillermo Rodriguez, Hussein Darwiche, Rahul Vaidya","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20231220-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20231220-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identification of the hip center of rotation (HCOR) before total hip arthroplasty (THA) is crucial for achieving optimal implant position and size, and for restoring native biomechanics around the hip joint. Current techniques for determining the HCOR in cases of abnormal hip anatomy are limited and unreliable. This study presents a novel technique using open-access software for preoperative THA templating for patients with significantly abnormal hip anatomy due to unilateral hip arthrosis. The aim is to reliably predict the HCOR and acetabular implant size compared with a traditional intraoperative method.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study involved 20 patients with unilateral hip arthrosis who underwent THA. Preoperative templating was performed using the experimental technique, and the position of the HCOR was measured on preoperative and postoperative radiographs. The positions of the predicted and actual HCOR were compared, along with the inclination and size of the acetabular component.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The difference between the predicted and actual HCOR positions was insignificant (0.43±0.22 mm vertically and 0.18±0.20 mm horizontally), and there was a positive correlation between them (<i>r</i>=0.78, <i>P</i><.005; <i>r</i>=0.72, <i>P</i><.005). The agreement between the predicted and actual acetabular implant sizes was 85%, with near-perfect interobserver agreement (Cohen's kappa=0.827).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This novel technique provides a reliable method for predicting HCOR and acetabular implant size for THA in cases of unilateral hip arthrosis. This technique may help optimize biomechanics and improve outcomes in challenging cases. Further research and validation are warranted to establish its broader applicability. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e139-e145.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e139-e145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery Literature Review: A Comparative Pilot Study.","authors":"Ryan Y Sanii, Johnny K Kasto, Wade B Wines, Jared M Mahylis, Stephanie J Muh","doi":"10.3928/01477447-20231220-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01477447-20231220-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Literature reviews are essential to the scientific process and allow clinician researchers to advance general knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the artificial intelligence (AI) programs ChatGPT and Perplexity.AI can perform an orthopedic surgery literature review.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Five different search topics of varying specificity within orthopedic surgery were chosen for each search arm to investigate. A consolidated list of unique articles for each search topic was recorded for the experimental AI search arms and compared with the results of the control arm of two independent reviewers. Articles in the experimental arms were examined by the two independent reviewers for relevancy and validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT was able to identify a total of 61 unique articles. Four articles were not relevant to the search topic and 51 articles were deemed to be fraudulent, resulting in 6 valid articles. Perplexity.AI was able to identify a total of 43 unique articles. Nineteen were not relevant to the search topic but all articles were able to be verified, resulting in 24 valid articles. The control arm was able to identify 132 articles. Success rates for ChatGPT and Perplexity. AI were 4.6% (6 of 132) and 18.2% (24 of 132), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current iteration of ChatGPT cannot perform a reliable literature review, and Perplexity.AI is only able to perform a limited review of the medical literature. Any utilization of these open AI programs should be done with caution and human quality assurance to promote responsible use and avoid the risk of using fabricated search results. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2024;47(3):e125-e130.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19631,"journal":{"name":"Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":"e125-e130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}