Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Protection of Patient Data in Digital Oral and General Health Care: A Scoping Review with Respect to the Current Regulations","authors":"O. Di Fede, Gaetano La Mantia, M. G. Cimino, G. Campisi","doi":"10.3390/oral3020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3020014","url":null,"abstract":"The use of digital health technologies, including telemedicine and teledentistry, has become a necessity in healthcare due to the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic. These technologies allow for the reduction of the workload of healthcare providers and the improvement of patient outcomes in cases of remote monitoring, diagnosis, and communication. While there are no doubtful benefits, there are some counterparts, such as concerns about clinical risks, data security, and privacy protection. This paper aims to review the regulations regarding the use of digital health apps and software in healthcare. This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the five-step framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Study selection was based on eligibility criteria that were defined using the population-exposure framework. The review of the articles selected (n = 24) found that the majority focused on data security policies in the healthcare industry, highlighting the need for comprehensive regulations and app control systems to protect patient data. The articles also emphasized the requirement for more appropriate research and policy initiatives to improve data security practices and better address privacy and safety challenges related to health-related apps. The review recognized that papers did not report consistent standards in professional obligation and informed consent in online medical consultations, with potential risks for data privacy, medical liabilities, and ethical issues. Digital health has already revolutionized medical service delivery through technology but faces some challenges, including the lack of standardized protocols for handling sensitive patient data and the absence of common legislative provisions, raising concerns about confidentiality and security. To address these issues and deficiencies, regulatory compliance is crucial to clarify and harmonize regulations and provide guidelines for doctors and the health system. In conclusion, regulating patient data, clarifying provisions, and addressing informed patients are critical and urgent steps in maximizing usage and successful implementation of telemedicine.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82967738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Surgical Navigation in Oral Surgery: A Case-Series","authors":"G. Novelli, Mattia Moretti, M. Meazzini, Cristina Maria Angela Cassé, F. Mazzoleni, D. Sozzi","doi":"10.3390/oral3020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3020013","url":null,"abstract":"The application of surgical navigation in oral and maxillo-facial surgery has been increasing over time. In fact, computer-assisted surgery provides real-time, precise, and accurate position and guidance during surgery. The purpose of our work is to introduce the evolution of surgical navigation in recent decades, describe some technical aspects of this technology, explore new possibilities of application of surgical navigation in oral surgery, and validate the accuracy of computer-assisted surgery. We included four patients in our sample who underwent virtual planning on the cone beam CT data set and surgical navigation using non-invasive fiducial markers. The first patient presented a dislocated orthodontic arch in the soft tissues of the cheek, while the other patients presented supernumerary and impacted dental elements. Among them, two patients were affected by craniofacial synostosis. We evaluated the accuracy of computer-assisted surgery, calculating the discrepancy between the real and virtual target. In all cases, the target registration error was less than or equal to 1 mm. We can affirm that surgical navigation is a valid tool to enhance oral surgery, guaranteeing an undoubted advantage in terms of the reliability and predictability of the results, especially in complex cases.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90743017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiology of Maxillary Sinus Infections: Systematic Review on the Relationship of Infectious Sinus Pathology with Oral Pathology","authors":"María Areizaga-Madina, Beatriz Pardal-Peláez, J. Montero","doi":"10.3390/oral3010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010012","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the microbiology of maxillary sinus infections and to determine whether an odontogenic origin of the infection can be established. The PIE question posed was the following: In patients with sinus and dental symptomatology who come for ENT or dental assessment and who undergo a microbiological study of the maxillary sinus and are found to have infectious sinus pathology, is the infectious sinus pathology related to an odontogenic origin? The literature review was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 2769 articles were identified in the three databases used. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and after eliminating duplicates, 55 full-text publications were identified as suitable for inclusion. After reading this series of publications, four articles were excluded due to lack of data in the article. Finally, 51 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. In this study, the microorganisms were classified into three groups: group 1 (microorganisms of the oral microbiome related in the literature to oral pathology, namely caries and periodontal disease), group 2 (microorganisms found in the oral microbiome but not related to oral disease), and group 3 (microorganisms not identified in the microbiome). This review included 51 articles and a total of 6415 patients who underwent surgery in 7051 sinuses. Most sinus infections were caused by group 2 (63.51%) or group 1 (24.21%) bacteria. Within group 1, the most frequent bacteriological agents in sinus infections were Peptostreptococcus spp. (35.22%) and St. Viridans spp. (39.89%). In group 2, the most frequent bacteriological agents in sinus infections were H. influenzae (29%) and Streptococcus spp. (23.63%). In group 3, the most frequent cause of sinusitis of dental origin was dental caries, followed by foreign bodies (implants) and sinus elevation. Different studies have shown that certain species of bacteria isolated from maxillary sinus cultures are more frequently associated with rhinosinusitis of odontogenic origin. The results of this systemic review show that, among the bacterial species most frequently found, anaerobic species predominate over aerobic species, especially Peptostreptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus, which are part of the oral microbiome, suggesting an odontogenic origin of maxillary sinus infection. Therefore, bacterial cultures of maxillary sinus aspirate can be of great use to clinicians in the differential diagnosis of odontogenic sinusitis.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85326913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Toxicities in Cancer Patients, Who Receive Immunotherapy: A Case Series of 24 Patients","authors":"O. Nicolatou‐Galitis, A. Psyrri, N. Tsoukalas, Evangelos Galitis, H. Linardou, D. Galiti, Ilias Athansiadis, D. Kalapanida, E. Razis, N. Katirtzoglou, N. Kentepozidis, P. Kosmidis, F. Stavridi, Efthimios Kyrodimos, D. Daliani, G. Tsironis, G. Mountzios, S. Karageorgopoulou, P. Gouveris, K. Syrigos","doi":"10.3390/oral3010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010011","url":null,"abstract":"The oral problems of 24 cancer patients on immunotherapy between 2017–2022 and referred by their oncologists, were reported. The age range was 49–80 years, and the median was 64 years. Lung cancer was the most common disease. Three patients a had history of autoimmune disease prior to cancer diagnosis. Patients received immunotherapy for two to 48 months. Prior to immunotherapy, 17 patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy, five angiogenesis inhibitors and one1 radiotherapy to head/neck. During immunotherapy, four patients received chemotherapy, one received bevacizumab, and eight received bone targeting agents, either alone or in combination. Presenting symptoms were oral pain (18 patients, 75%), dental pain (five patients), xerostomia (five patients), burning/itching (seven patients), bleeding (three patients), swelling (three patients), and taste problems (dysgeusia) (three patients). One patient was asymptomatic. Immune-related lesions were observed in 15 patients (62.50%), of which three were exacerbations of prior autoimmune disease. Three patients reported severe deterioration and itching after using a mouthwash. We also observed six (25%) infections (four candidiasis and two herpes simplex), and six (25.00%) cases of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Five of those MRONJ cases developed among the eight patients with the administration of bone targeting agents and one in a patient with bevacizumab. Two patients presented with more than one lesion. In conclusion, immune-related lesions were most common; oral infections and MRONJ were also observed. Various oral complications might be related to the interplay between immunotherapy and other therapies prior or concurrent to immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84606717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Polishing on the Mechanical Properties of Zirconia—A Systematic Review","authors":"Xiaoyun Liu, J. Aarts, Sunyoung Ma, J. Choi","doi":"10.3390/oral3010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010010","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To systematically review studies that investigated the consequences of various polishing protocols on the mechanical properties of zirconia. The effects on the roughness and crystalline phase transformation were also evaluated. Materials and methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was followed. The electronic searches were conducted via OVID MEDLINE (R) and Scopus for publications between 1996 and August 2022. The search strategy was limited to full texts in the English language and in vitro studies. The influences on flexural strength, hardness, fracture strength, fracture toughness, wear resistance, roughness and phase transformation were collected. Various methodologies to measure these properties were also outlined and compared. The risk of bias for included studies was evaluated according to a modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist. Results: After removing duplicates, the systematic search identified a total of 419 studies. Nineteen studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were selected for final analysis. Fifteen of the included studies observed the changes in surface roughness along with the mechanical properties and ten studies detected the tetragonal (T) to monoclinic (M) phase transformation. Eight studies also investigated the change in properties after polishing the ground surface. Testing parameters were not consistent among studies due to the varying methods. Conclusions: To a certain extent, polishing influences the strength, hardness, toughness and wear resistance. The damage in some mechanical properties, as well as the roughened surface, from grinding can be restored via an appropriate polishing treatment. The polishing process itself barely induces the transition from the tetragonal to monoclinic phase of zirconia, while this commonly occurs after grinding. If the subsequent polishing is adequate, the transformed monoclinic phase can be eliminated with the removal of the outermost surface layer. In dentistry, polishing is an imperative step to maintain the superior functions and service life of zirconia for patients.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90706513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-Threatening Hemorrhage from the Lingual Artery after a Genioplasty—Case Report and Review of Possible Complications Associated with Orthognathic Surgeries","authors":"Nikoletta Vargas, Dasha Donado, J. S. Sifuentes-Cervantes, J. Castro-Núñez, L. M. Guerrero, Luis Ferrer-Nuin","doi":"10.3390/oral3010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010009","url":null,"abstract":"Life-threatening hemorrhage after orthognathic surgery is rare. However, when it occurs, immediate diagnosis of the source of bleeding is imperative for successful management. The current report is the first to describe a rare life-threatening bleed from the left lingual artery following a genioplasty in a young healthy patient. Such occurrence also emphasizes the diverse anatomical course of the lingual artery and focuses on raising awareness about its numerous variations, sites of origin. Surgeons are often unaware of the anatomic variations of the lingual artery and its relation to the surrounding structures, which often lead to unexpected hemorrhages. Moreover, depending on severity, they can become challenging to manage and may lead to life-threatening complications. Taking into consideration the variations and the classification of the anatomical course of the lingual artery will improve surgical outcome, reduce morbidity, and lead to appropriate healing and recovery. This previously unpublished case regarding complications of lingual artery hemorrhage after genioplasty can bring awareness for future surgical considerations.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75699170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masticatory Functionality in Post-Acute-COVID-Syndrome (PACS) Patients with and without Sarcopenia","authors":"Bruno Davide Pugliese, G. Garuti, L. Bergamini, Riccardo Karim Khamaisi, G. Guaraldi, U. Consolo, P. Bellini","doi":"10.3390/oral3010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010008","url":null,"abstract":"Musculoskeletal symptoms are common in both acute COVID-19 disease and post-acute sequelae (Post-Acute COVID Syndrome). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are reduced levels of masticatory function in patients with PACS (Post Acute COVID Syndrome) who suffer from sarcopenia, under the hypothesis that the latter may also involve the masticatory muscles. This study includes 23 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between February 2020 and April 2021 and currently suffering from PACS. Among these PACS patients, 13/23 (56%) suffer from sarcopenia, 5/23 (22%) complain of asthenia but do not suffer from sarcopenia and the remaining 5/23 (22%) do not present muscle symptoms (non-asthenic non-sarcopenic). Oral health indices of all patients were collected. The masticatory strength was assessed with a gnathodynamometer based on piezoresistive sensors, and the masticatory effectiveness was measured by administering the “chewing gum mixing ability test” by having patients perform 20 masticatory cycles on a two-color chewing gum and analyzing the outcome through the ViewGum© software. Moreover, we gathered data with a hand grip test and gait speed test. The data collected in this study show that PACS sarcopenic patients have decreased masticatory effectiveness and strength compared to PACS asthenic non-sarcopenic patients and PACS non-asthenic non-sarcopenic patients.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88771728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Aging of Orthodontic Aligners in Different Storage Media on Force and Torque Generation: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Tarek M. Elshazly, Diva Nang, Bijan Golkhani, Hanaa Elattar, C. Bourauel","doi":"10.3390/oral3010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010007","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to study the effect of aging in different media (deionized water and artificial saliva) on the force/torque generation by thermoplastic orthodontic aligners. Ten thermoformed aligners, made of Essix ACE® thermoplastic sheets, were aged in deionized water and in artificial saliva over two weeks at 37 °C, five in each medium. The force/torque generated on upper second premolar (Tooth 25) of a resin model was measured at day 0 (before aging), 2, 4, 6, 10, and 14, using a biomechanical test set-up. The results showed that aging of aligners by storage in aging agent has no significant impact on their force/torque decay. No significant differences were also found in force/torque between the aligners stored in deionized water nor artificial saliva. The vertical extrusion-intrusion forces were measured in the range of 1.4 to 4.6 N, the horizontal oro-vestibular forces were 1.3 to 2.5 N, while the torques on mesio-distal rotation were 5.4 to 41.7 Nmm. It could be concluded that the influence of saliva only on the mechanical properties can be classified as insignificant, and no significant difference between artificial aging in deionized water or artificial saliva was observed.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85231585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Oral in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.3390/oral3010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010004","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83898871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Impact of the Ratio of E-Cigarette Liquid Base Constituents, Propylene Glycol and Vegetable Glycerin, on Primary Human Melanocytes","authors":"S. Goenka","doi":"10.3390/oral3010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral3010005","url":null,"abstract":"Oral cavity is the first site to encounter e-cigarette (EC) or tobacco smoke. Increased gingival pigmentation can lead to aesthetic concerns and hinder successful outcomes of gingival depigmentation procedures as well as lead to color alterations in patients with dental restorations. While the effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine in increasing pigmentation in the gingiva of the smoker have been well-documented, the effects of EC on pigmentation have not been explored. Due to large variations in e-liquids from different sources, this study focused on the effects of EC liquid base constituents, propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG), which are a universal constituent of all e-liquids. Effects of PG and VG solutions mixed at different ratios (0/100, 20/80, 55/45, 80/20, and 100/0 % v/v) were examined using primary human melanocytes obtained from neonatal foreskin; this cell model is representative of the physiological model of gingival melanocytes and has been used in our previous study. Results showed significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity for all groups, although mixtures with higher PG content showed higher cytotoxicity to cells as compared to those with VG. Melanogenesis was robustly activated by PG-containing mixtures with the greatest effect obtained for 80/20 PG/VG mixture as compared to other ratios, while VG by itself did not activate melanogenesis. The activation of melanin synthesis within cells was not correlated to intracellular tyrosinase activity as that was suppressed by PG at higher ratios. Morphological changes of a multidendritic phenotype were observed in cells exposed to all PG/VG mixtures, with markedly greater effects for groups with higher PG content. Taken together, the results of this pilot study demonstrate for the first time that EC base constituents possess the capacity to significantly activate melanogenesis in human melanocytes at nontoxic concentrations, with the dominant effect obtained at a PG/VG ratio of 80/20, indicative of a nonlinear response with increasing concentrations of PG. Moreover, further studies to address the impact of PG/VG with the addition of nicotine and the effects of different EC flavors are underway. Future studies to elucidate mechanisms of increased pigmentation as well as further investigate effects in melanocytes with the presence of other oral cell types and other components of the oral microenvironment such as saliva and bacterial flora are warranted. This research emphasizes the need to reconsider the regulation of EC base constituents PG and VG as different ratios of these compounds can cause differential effects.","PeriodicalId":19616,"journal":{"name":"Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89437519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}