Oil and Gas Business最新文献

{"title":"THE USE OF A POLYMERIZATION MODERATOR BASED ON PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINES IN THE PRODUCTION OF STYRENE","authors":"Evgeny A. Danilov, Ilmir I. Tabrisov, N. A. Likhacheva, O. B. Prozorova","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-123-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-123-140","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, two types of reagents are used in industrial styrene production to prevent thermal polymerization during the rectification process: true inhibitors and polymerization retarders. Consumed in the process, the true inhibitor reacts with free radicals and breaks the reaction chain, determining the molecular weight of the polymer. The polymerization moderator reduces the concentration of the most mobile radicals and their lifetime, giving a hydrogen proton to the most reactive free alkyl radical. As a polymerization moderator, dinitrobutylphenol is the most effective, which, according to the degree of exposure to the body, belongs to the first class of danger. The main supplier of dinitrobutylphenol to Russia is the People's Republic of China. The paper considers the possibility of replacing the active styrene polymerization inhibitor with the domestic brand Inflow7007, which is a derivative of para-phenylenediamine. According to the set of characteristics, the new polymerization moderator belongs to moderately dangerous substances of the third hazard class.At the first stage of the work, comparative laboratory studies of four polymerization inhibitors were carried out. The dependence of the inhibitory ability on the concentration of the polymerization moderator, the kinetics of the process was studied, and a comparative analysis of domestic and imported analogues of inhibitory reagents was carried out.Next, an experimental industrial run was conducted at an existing styrene production plant, during which a gradual transition to a domestic inhibitor selected as a result of laboratory research was carried out. The transition was carried out in stages with the gradual replacement of dinitrobutylphenol with an inhibitor of the Inflow 7007 brand. Throughout the entire industrial pilot run, the polymer content in the cubic liquid of the raw styrene separation column was monitored. The conducted studies have shown the high efficiency of the proposed inhibitory system. According to the results of analytical control during the period of pilot tests, it was possible to reduce the average polymer content in the cubic liquid. In addition to increasing the effectiveness of polymerization inhibition in styrene production, the use of the proposed polymerization moderator will solve the problem of import substitution, increase worker safety, and reduce environmental risks.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIVISION OF OILY EMULSIONS BY POLYSULFONAMIDE MEMBRANES TREATED WITH PLASMA OF GLOW AND CORONA DISCHARGES","authors":"V. O. Dryakhlov, Marina Yu. Alekseeva, Z. T. Sanatullova, I. G. Shaikhiev","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-6-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-6-30","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of hydrocarbon ingress into the environment is a global issue, associated with both local pollution near the source of formation and the hydrosphere as a whole. The application of energy- and resource-saving technologies to reduce waste emissions into the environment, with the possibility of their partial return to the technological cycle, is an optimal solution for preventing pollution and rational resource utilization. Membrane technologies meet these requirements and are a universal solution for purifying any pollutant with the possibility of its recovery. Moreover, the efficiency of these processes can exceed 99 %, while the equipment occupies less space and uses minimal reagents compared to other apparatus. Based on the above, this study presents research on the separation of hydrocarbon emulsions based on I20-A grade industrial oil using polysulfonamide membranes. To intensify the process and enhance resistance to oil fouling, polymer filters were treated with corona and glow discharge plasma. As a result of this modification, the separation efficiency increased from 80.9 % to 99.0 %, and the productivity increased by approximately 10 times. Analysis of the membranes using electron microscopy revealed surface deformations, such as changes in roughness, due to plasma treatment, leading to improved selectivity towards the water phase of the emulsion. Analysis of the IR spectra showed the most significant differences in absorption bands between the original and plasma-treated polysulfonamide (PSA) membranes in the area of C–O stretching vibrations, contributing to increased water adsorption in the corresponding area. The research results recommend the application of the tested membrane ultrafiltration method for treating wastewater containing emulsified oils, such as used lubricants or cleaning solutions. Plasma treatment of membrane filters with corona or glow discharge contributes to increased efficiency and productivity in emulsion separation.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME FOR UNSTABLE HYDROCARBON CONDENSATES DEMETHANIZATION","authors":"Anastasia I. Kazakova, Andrey V. Kurochkin, S. V. Akulov, Alena G. Chirkova, Iskander R. Sungatulin, S. R. Khafizova","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-265-293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-265-293","url":null,"abstract":"The modern technological process allowing to achieve high recovery of C2+ components is low-temperature gas rectification, including demethanization stage of unstable hydrocarbon condensates. Demethanization is based on separation of gas-liquid mixture by low-temperature rectification. The yield and quality of the target gas separation products depend on the demethanizer operation. In this connection it is important to arrange the demethanization unit operation so as to preserve the separation quality in the column and minimize ethane losses with commercial gas. One of the methods of process optimization is the use of technological techniques aimed at reducing the flow rate of gas supplied to the column.This article presents a brief overview of the demethanization process, considers the features of demethanizer operation. Technological solutions of the leading engineering company Linde are analyzed and bottlenecks in the technological scheme are revealed: low depth of ethane recovery, which is associated with high losses of ethane with dry stripped gas; large diameter of the upper part of the demethanizer, which is associated with high loads of the column on the vapor phase. In this connection the optimized technology of the process developed by Research and Design Institute «PEGAZ» LLC is offered. It is shown that application of three-stage separation of gas-liquid streams before their feeding into the demethanizer leads to unexpected results: prevention of possible ethane entrainment, reducing ethane losses, reduction of vapor phase load in the upper part of the demethanizer due to feeding only separation residues into the column as a feed stream. Implementation of such a modified scheme allows increasing the degree of ethane recovery, reducing ethane losses, reducing the mass and dimensional characteristics of the column and its cost.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF PHOSGENE-FREE TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEXAMETHYLENE-1,6-DIISOCYANATE PRODUCTION","authors":"Emil R. Sharafutdinov, Sofia I. Fiterman, Nikolay A. Rudnev, Rishat R. Shiriyazdanov","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-163-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-163-190","url":null,"abstract":"One of the highly sought products for import substitution in Russia are polyurethanes, which are mainly produced from isocyanates. Today, isocyanates are produced using toxic phosgene, and the by-products of this production are hydrogen chloride and other toxic chlorinated derivatives. For this reason, the task of developing phosgene-free isocyanate production technology has been facing researchers for more than a decade.Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate (HDI) is the most commonly used aliphatic isocyanate. With excellent photo-oxidation stability, HDI is a very valuable petrochemical product with high added value.This paper reviews the currently existing phosgene-free technologies for producing HDI, as well as the latest developments in this area.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPUTERIZATION INFLUENCE ON VISION: LEGAL ISSUES","authors":"Alexander S. Shcherbakov, Yulia N. Savicheva, Reval D. Vakhitov, Yulia A. Iskhakova, Rimma R. Gabdrakhmanova","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-69-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-69-91","url":null,"abstract":"There are more than 450 main professions on the Russian labor market, a quarter of which involve working on a PC. In this regard, labor protection in the employee’s workplace is of high importance.Despite the fact that office workers are not burdened with physical labor, sedentary work at a computer carries a number of occupational hazards that can harm the body.Russian legislation does not provide for benefits or concessions when working with a PC; however, occupational diseases that may appear in this work environment occur no less frequently than for those who engage in physical labor.This article discusses aspects from the point of view of labor protection, labor legislation, and also provides recommendations for reducing the risk of injury to office workers.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIGITAL SOLUTIONS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF DEMULSIFIERS","authors":"Viktor N. Gusakov, G. Z. Raskildina, S. S. Zlotsky","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-106-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-106-122","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology for quality control of field demulsifiers based on a numerical algorithm for processing digitized Raman spectra (RS) and infrared (IR) spectra was developed and tested. The width of the acceptance limit of the numerical criterion for deciding on the proper quality of demulsifiers for various values of the specific risk of making a false negative decision was calculated. IR and Raman spectra of active substances (Laprols, Neonols, Amines) used for the production of commercial demulsifiers have been registered. Spectral zones and characteristic lines of absorption (IR spectra) and emission (Raman spectra) specific for Laprols, Neonols, Amines have been determined. Using the characteristic spectral bands of the active ingredients, the compositions of demulsifier samples from different batches were compared.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR GRAPHENE AND GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION","authors":"Vadim R. Subkhankulov, I. K. Saitov, Oleg L. Ryzhikov, M. Dolomatov","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-141-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-141-162","url":null,"abstract":"Here are presented different ways for synthesis of graphene, graphene oxide and turbostratic graphene, including chemical vapor deposition, mechanical and chemical exfoliation methods and their modifications, epitaxial growth and laser synthesis. Their main advantages and disadvantages are presented. Special attention is given to a novel way for turbostratic graphene production by flash pyrolysis in electrical impulse discharge. Finally compared main physical properties of graphene and its compounds produced using different production methods.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR MODERNIZATION OF POLYETHYLENE WAX GRANULATION UNIT","authors":"Nikolai M. Zakharov, Evgeny V. Ilyin, Ramil G. Khasanov","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-247-264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-247-264","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial development trends in the Russian Federation actualize a number of important issues for the production sites of the petrochemical complex. Such issues include problems at enterprises related to environmental aspects and working conditions at the processing and disposal units of by-products and waste products.Polyethylene wax is a by-product of the polymerization reaction of ethylene. As part of solving the above problems related to the production of polyethylene, modern methods of melt granulation have been studied.The analysis of the parameters of the active polyethylene wax extraction unit and the key characteristics of the by-product has been carried out. The technological scheme of the continuous granulation unit, which includes a granulation tower, is proposed.Economic calculations show the expediency of recommending the use of the method in production.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AT PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES IN THE KEMEROVO REGION – KUZBASS FOR 2022: STATISTICS AND TRENDS","authors":"Anastasia E. Ilyina, Anastasia S. Ushakova, Evgeniy N. Neverov","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-53-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-53-68","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of Occupational Diseases in the Kemerovo Region for 2022 provides an overview of the factors leading to occupational diseases among employees of local enterprises. The article discusses key aspects of safety, including management attitudes, employee training and preparedness, communication and information sharing, and the implementation of modern technology. The highest rates of occupational diseases for 2022 in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass were recorded at mining enterprises, including coal mining. Particular attention is paid to diseases such as diseases of the respiratory system, musculoskeletal system and eyes. An analysis of the causes of occupational diseases showed that the number of recorded cases in 2022 increased compared to the previous year 2021, and one of the main reasons for their occurrence is the human factor and low safety culture. The importance of introducing a culture of occupational safety in enterprises is to increase productivity, reduce risks and prevent occupational diseases. The importance of the participation of all employees in creating a safety culture is emphasized by reducing incidents in the workplace, as this contributes to the creation of a safe working environment and improves the overall well-being of the workplace, hence reducing the incidence of human error. The article proposes preventive measures to prevent and reduce the level of occupational diseases. Preventive measures are aimed at both the employee and the employer, because only in combination can an increase in safety culture be achieved, and therefore a reduction in the incidence of occupational diseases.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WORKING CONDITIONS AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OF PHARMACEUTICAL WORKERS","authors":"Elena I. Bakhonina, Gleb L. Matuzov, Linaria I. Fazylova, Rozalina R. Khaybullina","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-92-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-92-105","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical and pharmaceutical industry plays a special role in the economy of the Russian Federation, due to the social significance of its products and its important role in the national security system. The domestic pharmaceutical market is developing rapidly, innovative medicines are being developed, the production of active pharmaceutical substances is increasing, technological processes, lines, and equipment are being modernized.To implement the production chains of various compounds, it is required to perform many operations and use various types of raw materials. The variability of the nomenclature of medicines affects the working conditions of production workers. In this regard, it is important to analyze the working conditions of workers in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, as well as to study the causes of the development of occupational diseases of workers who have constant contact with chemicals of various origins.The basic industrial and professional groups of pharmaceutical industries are characterized by the impact of harmful psychophysiological and chemical factors, various forms of drug allergies and respiratory diseases are noted.Currently, it is impossible to completely exclude negative production aspects from the working environment of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. This is due to the specifics of the technological process and equipment, and economic feasibility. It is necessary to study in detail the toxic effects of substances used or obtained in the process of drug synthesis.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}