Oceans Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5010002

Diana Morales-de-Anda, A. Cupul-Magaña, C. Aguilar-Betancourt, Gaspar González-Sansón, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, A. Rodríguez-Troncoso

{"title":"Herbivorous Reef Fish Interaction with the Habitat and Physicochemical Variables in Coral Ecosystems in the Mexican Tropical Pacific","authors":"Diana Morales-de-Anda, A. Cupul-Magaña, C. Aguilar-Betancourt, Gaspar González-Sansón, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, A. Rodríguez-Troncoso","doi":"10.3390/oceans5010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5010002","url":null,"abstract":"Herbivorous fish can mediate spatial competition between algae and corals, which is crucial for coral ecosystems. However, in areas with limited coral coverage like the Mexican tropical Pacific (MTP), this dynamic is not fully understood. This study, using a functional trait approach and ordination analysis, explores whether herbivorous reef fish assemblage influences the benthic habitat components or if physicochemical factors define the habitat variability in the MTP’s Cleofas and Marietas insular systems. We analyzed if this relationship persisted across systems and over time, and identified species traits tied to habitat variability. Island comparison analyses between Cleofas and Marietas reveal that both herbivorous reef fish and physicochemical variables shape the habitat. Cleofas had larger mobile herbivorous fish that formed groups related mostly to macroalgae cover. In contrast, temporal analysis of Marietas shows that the habitat is primarily shaped by physicochemical variables with herbivorous fish being mainly small farmer species related to branching corals. Notably, these closely situated insular systems present varied ecosystem mediators, influenced by diverse drivers including fish traits and environmental factors. This study underscores the potential of employing a framework of ecological species traits combined with ordination methods to unravel the distinct site dynamics that contribute to the persistence of coral ecosystems within the MTP.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution to the Knowledge of Cetacean Strandings in Chile between 2015 and 2020 有助于了解 2015 年至 2020 年智利鲸类搁浅情况

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5010001

Mauricio Ulloa, Miguel A. Rivero, Antonio Fernández

{"title":"Contribution to the Knowledge of Cetacean Strandings in Chile between 2015 and 2020","authors":"Mauricio Ulloa, Miguel A. Rivero, Antonio Fernández","doi":"10.3390/oceans5010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5010001","url":null,"abstract":"Strandings caused by anthropogenic factors are one of the most worrying threats in relation to the conservation of cetacean species, and in the case of Chile, due to its geography and large extension of the coastline, monitoring and access to these events is difficult, making their study more complex. Chile has a shortage of specialized scientific forensic research facilities for cetaceans; however, for this study, it was able to collect data recorded from official institutions and sporadic scientific biological sampling oriented to investigate the causes of death or stranding. According to the Chilean government official database, we described that the main causes of unusual mortality events (UME) and mass strandings from 2015 and 2016 were acute poisoning by biotoxins and strandings by multiple possible causes, respectively, while individual strandings would have their causes in anthropogenic activities, such as entanglements in fishing and aquaculture gears and collisions with vessels. The predominant species in mass strandings was the sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis). The geographical area of greatest prominence in mass strandings was the Aysén Region in the Central Patagonia of Chile, while the species mostly involved in individual strandings along the south-central, central, and northern coasts of Chile was the small porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis). The most common gross pathological findings were advance decay of the carcasses and non-specific wounds of different natures.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary Studies on Site Fidelity, Residence Index, and Population Size of Irrawaddy Dolphins in West Penang, Malaysia 关于马来西亚西槟榔屿伊洛瓦底江海豚的地点忠诚度、居住指数和种群数量的初步研究

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.3390/oceans4040029

Nurul Filzati Ali, L. Rajamani

{"title":"Preliminary Studies on Site Fidelity, Residence Index, and Population Size of Irrawaddy Dolphins in West Penang, Malaysia","authors":"Nurul Filzati Ali, L. Rajamani","doi":"10.3390/oceans4040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans4040029","url":null,"abstract":"The Irrawaddy dolphin is found in the coastal and estuarine areas of West Penang, Malaysia. Studies were conducted to estimate the site fidelity, residence index, and population size of Irrawaddy dolphins in West Penang. Photo-identification studies were conducted using boat surveys from 2019 to 2021. Thirty-nine marked Irrawaddy dolphins were identified, with thirty-six newly identified individuals and three individuals observed in 2013. Resightings of four individuals indicated that they were found north of Sungai Burung and Sungai Pinang in West Penang. The majority of individuals had low sighting rates, ranging from 2.6 to 7.7%, with three individuals having medium sighting rates, the highest being 15.4%. The residence index was 0.01 for all 36 individuals, and the highest value of 0.36 was recorded for one individual. Using open population models and closed models, the population size was determined to be 64 or and 52, respectively. The results suggest that although there is a population present, it is probably open, as the residence index is low. The population size appeared to be stable from 2013 to 2021. This information will inform conservation managers of the best way forward for the conservation of Irrawaddy dolphins in Penang.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plastic, It’s What’s for Dinner: A Preliminary Comparison of Ingested Particles in Bottlenose Dolphins and Their Prey 塑料，晚餐的食物：瓶鼻海豚及其猎物摄入颗粒的初步比较

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3390/oceans4040028

L. Hart, M. Dziobak, Randall S. Wells, Elizabeth J. Berens McCabe, Eric Conger, Tita Curtin, Maggie Knight, John Weinstein

{"title":"Plastic, It’s What’s for Dinner: A Preliminary Comparison of Ingested Particles in Bottlenose Dolphins and Their Prey","authors":"L. Hart, M. Dziobak, Randall S. Wells, Elizabeth J. Berens McCabe, Eric Conger, Tita Curtin, Maggie Knight, John Weinstein","doi":"10.3390/oceans4040028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans4040028","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastic ingestion was reported for common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting Sarasota Bay, FL, USA, a community that also has prevalent exposure to plasticizers (i.e., phthalates) at concentrations higher than human reference populations. Exposure sources are currently unknown, but plastic-contaminated prey could be a vector. To explore the potential for trophic exposure, prey fish muscle and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) tissues and contents were screened for suspected microplastics, and particle properties (e.g., color, shape, surface texture) were compared with those observed in gastric samples from free-ranging dolphins. Twenty-nine fish across four species (hardhead catfish, Ariopsis felis; pigfish, Orthopristis chrysoptera; pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides; and Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta) were collected from Sarasota Bay during September 2022. Overall, 97% of fish (n = 28) had suspected microplastics, and GIT abundance was higher than muscle. Fish and dolphin samples contained fibers and films; however, foams were common in dolphin samples and not observed in fish. Suspected tire wear particles (TWPs) were not in dolphin samples, but 23.1% and 32.0% of fish muscle and GIT samples, respectively, contained at least one suspected TWP. While some similarities in particles were shared between dolphins and fish, small sample sizes and incongruent findings for foams and TWPs suggest further investigation is warranted to understand trophic transfer potential.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence of Sexual Reproduction in Out-Planted Coral Colonies 外植珊瑚群落有性繁殖的证据

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.3390/oceans4040024

Violeta Martínez-Castillo, Alma Paola Rodríguez-Troncoso, Amílcar Leví Cupul-Magaña

{"title":"Evidence of Sexual Reproduction in Out-Planted Coral Colonies","authors":"Violeta Martínez-Castillo, Alma Paola Rodríguez-Troncoso, Amílcar Leví Cupul-Magaña","doi":"10.3390/oceans4040024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans4040024","url":null,"abstract":"Intervention techniques to restore coral communities have become an important management tool to help recover and rehabilitate damaged reefs. The direct transplantation of healthy coral fragments is the most common method; however, there is controversy in the long-term success, as using coral clones may diminish the genetic diversity of the coral population. Genetic recombination can be achieved when the coral colony produces gametes and eventually reproduces; therefore, it is important to provide evidence that restored colonies produce gametes as their naturally recruited counterparts with similar colony size (age). Natural and restored Pocillopora coral colonies of the same size range (between 40 and 50 cm in diameter) were tagged and sampled during the rainy season to determine gamete maturation. Our results show no differences in the reproductive activity among colonies: natural and restored coral colonies matured gametes from June to October, with a peak in sexually active coral colonies in July. Also, gamete malformation was not observed. During the gamete production period, the area’s temperature ranged from 27.9 to 30.02 °C. The results’ evidence that coral colonies formed through active restoration contribute not only to the increase in live coral cover as seen in previous studies but potentially contribute in the medium term (>5 years after out-planting) to the production of larvae and local and subsidiary recruitment, since they exhibit the same reproductive patterns as their naturally formed counterparts and no differences in the reproductive activity among coral colonies. Therefore, long-term coral restoration projects contribute to maintaining the live coral cover and the genetic diversity in the region, eventually rehabilitating the coral community.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135168682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial Distribution and Contamination Level Assessment of Marine Sediment of the Safi Bay (Moroccan Atlantic Coast) 摩洛哥大西洋海岸萨菲湾海洋沉积物空间分布及污染程度评价

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/oceans4040023

Abdenaim Minoubi, Nezha Mejjad, Khalid El Khalidi, Mohammed Bouchkara, Ahmed Fadili, Mohamed Chaibi, Bendahhou Zourarah

引用次数: 0

Status of Coral Reef Communities on the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica: Are We Talking about Corals or Macroalgae Reefs? 哥斯达黎加加勒比海岸珊瑚礁群落的现状:我们是在谈论珊瑚还是大型藻类珊瑚礁?

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.3390/oceans4030022

Fabio Quezada-Perez, Sebastián Mena, Cindy Fernández-García, Juan José Alvarado

{"title":"Status of Coral Reef Communities on the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica: Are We Talking about Corals or Macroalgae Reefs?","authors":"Fabio Quezada-Perez, Sebastián Mena, Cindy Fernández-García, Juan José Alvarado","doi":"10.3390/oceans4030022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans4030022","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decades, one of the most widely reported phenomena on Caribbean reefs is the general fall in coral cover and rise in macroalgae. Reefs with low coral cover and high macroalgal abundances are often presumed to provide poorer ecosystem functions and services. In this study, we assessed the condition of coral reefs on the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica and determined how eight key ecosystem metrics varied in response to different coral and fleshy macroalgae covers. Most reefs surveyed had high fleshy macroalgae and low live coral covers, with an average (±SD) of 31 ± 28% and 14 ± 13% per site. The value of many of the ecosystem metrics estimated for coral reefs of the region appears to be lower than what has been reported for other areas in the Caribbean. We found that the rugosity, urchin density, fish richness, total fish biomass, large fish density, and the potential fishery value of the reef were higher in sites with low fleshy macroalgae covers (<10%). Our results concur with the prevailing paradigm that an increase in macroalgae abundance could reduce the ecosystem services provided by coral reefs.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast Electrical Modulation of Single Plasmonic Nano-Rod Resonance 单等离子体纳米棒共振的快速电调制

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231775

Luka Zurak, Jessica Meier, R. Kullock, Bert Hecht, T. Feichtner

引用次数: 0

LED-pumped Er:Cr:YSGG LED-pumped Er: Cr: YSGG

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232330

Lisa Lopez, F. Druon, Patrick Georges, F. Balembois

引用次数: 0

A Robust Half-W1 Photonic Crystal Waveguide Platform for Interfacing Trapped Cold Atoms with Slow Light 半w1光子晶体介面阱冷原子与慢光的介面平台

Oceans Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231832

Adrien Bouscal, Anaïs Chochon, M. Kemiche, S. Mahapatra, Nikos Fayard, J. Berroir, Tridib Ray, J. Greffet, F. Raineri, Ariel Levenson, K. Bencheikh, C. Sauvan, A. Urvoy, Julien Laurat

引用次数: 0

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