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ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions最新文献

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Failure of a Jack Cylinder 千斤顶气缸故障
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0090988
{"title":"Failure of a Jack Cylinder","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0090988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0090988","url":null,"abstract":"A jack cylinder split open during simulated service testing. The intended internal test pressurization was reportedly analogous to typical service. The material and mechanical properties of the cylinder pipe were unknown, although subsequent testing showed that the pipe satisfied the requirements for a grade 1045 medium-carbon, plain carbon steel. Investigation (visual inspection, chemical analysis, 2% nital etched 119x images, and tension testing) supported the conclusion that the cylinder pipe burst in a mixed brittle-ductile manner due to overpressurization. It is likely that the bearing strength of the pipe was slightly compromised by a low-strength layer of decarburization. Recommendations included evaluating the testing procedure for the possibility of inadvertent overpressurization and analyzing successfully tested cylinders to identify changes in material, and perhaps heat treatment, that may have contributed to this failure.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126420150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fretting of Freon-Compressor Shaft because of a Loose Bearing 氟利昂压缩机轴因轴承松动引起的微动
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0091897
{"title":"Fretting of Freon-Compressor Shaft because of a Loose Bearing","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0091897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0091897","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The shaft-and-bearing assembly in a freon compressor was subjected to severe pounding and vibration after six years of service. After about one year of service, the compressor had been shut down to replace a bearing seal. One month before the shaft failed, a second seal failure occurred, requiring the collar, spacer sleeve, seal, roller bearing, and lock washer to be replaced. The shaft was made of 4140 steel, heat treated to a hardness of 20 to 26 HRC. The seal, bearing, and lock washer were commercial components. Investigation (visual inspection, 4.5x images, x-ray diffraction, hardness testing, and microscopic exam) supported the conclusion that shaft failure was initiated by fretting between the bearing race and the bearing surface on the shaft because of improper bearing installation. Once clearance was established between the bearing and the shaft, the shaft began pounding on the inner bearing race, causing final failure of the shaft surface. Recommendations included proper fitting of the shaft and bearing race to preventing movement of the bearing on the shaft. Also, the lock washer and locknut must be installed properly.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131734745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overload Failure of a Crane on an Offshore Platform Related to Stress-Corrosion Cracking 海洋平台起重机超载失效与应力腐蚀开裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001672
A. O. Ibidunni, J. C. Bookwalter, D. Guenther
{"title":"Overload Failure of a Crane on an Offshore Platform Related to Stress-Corrosion Cracking","authors":"A. O. Ibidunni, J. C. Bookwalter, D. Guenther","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001672","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Failed ferrous components were analyzed from a crane that operated on an offshore platform. The crane failed during operation and fell into the sea. The brake spring on the boom hoist was found to have fractured in four places. The spring contained a line defect (seam) that was the source of each crack. The fracture of the oil quenched and tempered (HRC 50 ASTM A229) spring was by stress-corrosion cracking after the crane fell into the sea because fatigue cannot account for the fractures observed. The crane failure was caused by an overload created by the operator catching a free-falling load.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132920545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatigue Failure of a Compressor Crankshaft Due to the Application of Weld Metal 焊接金属对压气机曲轴疲劳失效的影响
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001427
{"title":"Fatigue Failure of a Compressor Crankshaft Due to the Application of Weld Metal","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001427","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The crankshaft of a compressor fractured through the web remote from the driving end after about three years of service. The fracture ran diagonally across the web into the crankpin. It passed through the centers of two screwed plugs inserted into the web from opposite faces approximately in line with the crankpin center line. The fracture was of the fatigue type, slowly developing cracks having started from opposite sides of each tapped hole and crept across the section. Microstructure of the crankshaft indicated the material was a plain carbon steel, the carbon content being of the order of 0.3%. The failure resulted principally from the stress-raising effects of the screw holes combined with the cracks in the welds. If the screw holes had been left unfilled or if some form of mechanical locking had been used if plugged, failure would have been postponed if not averted.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"411 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116135850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatigue Fracture of a Rebuilt Exciter Shaft That Was Accelerated by Weld-Deposit Cracks 堆焊裂纹加速改造激振器轴疲劳断裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047558
{"title":"Fatigue Fracture of a Rebuilt Exciter Shaft That Was Accelerated by Weld-Deposit Cracks","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047558","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The shaft of an exciter that was used with a diesel-driven electric generator broke at a fillet after ten hours of service following resurfacing of the shaft by welding. The fracture surface contained a dull off-center region of final ductile fracture surrounded by regions of fatigue that had been subjected to appreciable rubbing. The fracture appeared to be typical of rotary bending fatigue under conditions of a low nominal stress with a severe stress concentration. It appeared that the fatigue cracks initiated in the surface-weld layer. The weld deposit in the original keyway displays a lack of fusion at the bottom corner. Fatigue fracture of the shaft resulted from stresses that were created by vibration acting on a crack or cracks formed in the weld deposit because of the lack of preheating and postheating. Rebuilding of exciter shafts should be discontinued, and the support plate of the exciter should be braced to reduce the amount of transmitted vibration. Also, the fillet in the exciter shaft should be carefully machined to provide an adequate radius.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125540892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Explosion of Air Receiver on Excavator 挖掘机空气接收器爆炸
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001488
{"title":"Explosion of Air Receiver on Excavator","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001488","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While an attempt was being made to start the diesel engine of a dragline type excavator, a severe explosion took place, the operator unfortunately being killed. The engine was normally started by compressed air from an air bottle or receiver charged to a pressure of 350 psi by a small auxiliary engine driven compressor fitted on the excavators. On an occasion when this had broken down, the air bottle was replenished by the engineer-in-charge from a cylinder of compressed air. The compressor engine remained unserviced and when the starting bottle again became depleted, the excavator operator re-charged it himself from another cylinder without the knowledge of the engineer. The engine was started satisfactorily, and the bottle charged again to 350 psi in readiness for the start on the following day. It was while an attempt was being made to start the engine on this occasion that the explosion took place. The cylinder used by the operator for re-charging the receiver contained not air but oxygen.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123010303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatigue Fracture of a Chromium-Molybdenum Steel Integral Coupling and Gear 铬钼钢整体联轴器及齿轮的疲劳断裂
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0046242
{"title":"Fatigue Fracture of a Chromium-Molybdenum Steel Integral Coupling and Gear","authors":"","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0046242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0046242","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An integral coupling and gear (Cr-Mo steel), used on a turbine-driven main boiler-feed pump, was removed from service after one year of operation because of excessive vibration. Spectrographic analysis and metallographic examination revealed the fact that gritty material in the gear teeth (found at visual inspection) was composed of the same material as the metal in the coupling. Beach marks and evidence of cold work, typical of fatigue failure, were found on the fracture surface. Chips remaining in the analysis cut were difficult to remove, indicating a strong magnetic field in the part. Evidence found supports the conclusions that failure of the coupling was by fatigue and that incomplete demagnetization of the coupling following magnetic-particle inspection caused retention of metal chips in the roots of the teeth. Improper lubrication caused gear teeth to overheat and spall, producing chips that eventually overstressed the gear, causing failure. Because the oil circulation system was not operating properly, metal chips were not removed from the coupling. Recommendations included checking the replacement coupling for residual magnetism and changing or filtering the pump oil to remove any debris.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116130198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of Electron Fractography to Diagnose Cracking in a Chromium-Plated AISI 4340 Pivot Bolt 用电子断口学诊断镀铬AISI 4340枢轴螺栓裂纹
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001539
J. A. Scott
{"title":"Use of Electron Fractography to Diagnose Cracking in a Chromium-Plated AISI 4340 Pivot Bolt","authors":"J. A. Scott","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001539","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Overhaul mechanics discovered a crack in an AISI 4340 Cr-Mo-Ni alloy steel pivot bolt when grinding off the chromium plating. The bolt had served for an estimated 10,000 h and was replated when last overhauled. On checking the bolt, several fine cracks were found on the surface. A 6500x micrograph revealed the intergranular nature of a crack. By trying different grinding procedures, investigators were able to reproduce this type of failure in the laboratory. It was concluded that grinding cracks initiated the failure. It should be noted that governing specifications prohibit grinding on high-strength steel; chromium should be stripped by electrochemical methods.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116173091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crankshaft with Torsion Fatigue Fractures in Inductively Surface-Hardened Crank Pin 表面淬火曲柄销具有扭转疲劳断裂的曲轴
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001230
F. Naumann, F. Spies
{"title":"Crankshaft with Torsion Fatigue Fractures in Inductively Surface-Hardened Crank Pin","authors":"F. Naumann, F. Spies","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001230","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A crankshaft was overloaded on a test stand and suffered an incipient crack in the crank pin. The crack run generally parallel to the longitudinal axis and branched off at the entrance into the two fillets at the transition to the crank arm. It consisted of many small cracks, all of which propagated at an angle of approximately 45 deg to the longitudinal axis, and therefore were caused by torsion stresses. Neither macroscopic nor microscopic examination determined any material or processing faults. Experience has shown that torsion vibration fractures of this kind usually appear in comparatively short journal pins at high stresses. This crankshaft fracture was an example of the damage that is caused or promoted neither by material nor heat treatment mistakes nor by defects of design or machining, but solely by overstressing.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114167802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Hot Rolled Steel Transit Damage 热轧钢运输损伤分析
ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001608
B. Dillon
{"title":"Analysis of Hot Rolled Steel Transit Damage","authors":"B. Dillon","doi":"10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001608","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Investigation of alleged corrosion damage to hot-rolled steel during transit requires metallurgical, chemical, and corrosion knowledge. Familiarity with non-destructive techniques and sampling procedures is necessary. A complete record of shipment history is also required, including the purchasing specifications and observations and photographs taken during surveys enroute. A frequent conclusion of such investigations is that the alleged corrosion is of no significance or did not occur during the voyage.","PeriodicalId":194756,"journal":{"name":"ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Improper Maintenance, Repair, and Operating Conditions","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124008298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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