Early Greek EthicsPub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0029
W. Desmond
{"title":"Diogenes of Sinope","authors":"W. Desmond","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Diogenes of Sinope is the great exemplar whom later Cynics continually evoke. Yet despite the many vivid anecdotes told of him, he is historically a shadowy figure, and his ideas are difficult to pinpoint with absolute precision. In seeking to locate Diogenes somewhat precisely both in his own time and in the longer durée of Greek ethical thought, “Diogenes of Sinope” first surveys major themes of Cynicism that may be traced back to Diogenes himself: living according to nature, criticism of customs, shamelessness and parrhēsia, ascetic self-sufficiency, cosmopolitanism, and the pursuit of happiness through virtue. While there may be a general consensus on these topics, controversies remain, and perhaps must remain. In its second section, therefore, the chapter explores diverse, even opposite ways in which Diogenes has been construed and categorized. This series of antinomies again highlights the difficulties of precise interpretation, and suggests the deliberately elusive nature of Diogenes’ ethical thinking.","PeriodicalId":194503,"journal":{"name":"Early Greek Ethics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117031596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early Greek EthicsPub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0014
P. Horky
{"title":"Anonymus Iamblichi, On Excellence (Peri Aretēs)","authors":"P. Horky","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"“Anonymus Iamblichi, On Excellence (Peri Aretēs): A Lost Defense of Democracy” presents a comprehensive analysis and complete translation of the fragments of a lost treatise from the late fifth-century BCE, preserved in Iamblichus’ palimpsestic Exhortation to Philosophy. Its author is unknown; hence scholars refer to the work as “Anonymus Iamblichi.” And while Iamblichus included it because he thought its author was a Pythagorean, dialectical attributes and specific claims within the treatise point to someone conversant with Ionian philosophers, especially Democritus. Anonymus Iamblichi is a rara avis: it presents a unique view on excellence (aretē) and its parts; advances a defense of law and justice by appealing to both value and instrumental reasoning; provides an early reflection on social emotions, the weaknesses of the human condition, and the nature of true power; presents the first substantial “Superman” thought experiment; and develops the earliest extant and most philosophically sustained defense of democracy.","PeriodicalId":194503,"journal":{"name":"Early Greek Ethics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125221091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early Greek EthicsPub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0021
P. Horky, M. Johnson
{"title":"On Law and Justice","authors":"P. Horky, M. Johnson","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Archytas of Tarentum, a contemporary and associate of Plato, was a famous Pythagorean, mathematician, and statesman of Tarentum. Although his works are lost and most of the fragments attributed to him were composed in later eras, they nevertheless contain valuable information about his thought. In particular, the fragments of On Law and Justice are likely based on a work by the early Peripatetic biographer Aristoxenus of Tarentum. The fragments touch on key themes of early Greek ethics, including: written and unwritten laws, freedom and self-sufficiency, moderation of the emotions and cultivation of virtues, equality and the competence of the majority to participate in government, criticism of “rule by an individual,” a theory of the ideal “mixed constitution,” distributive and corrective justice and punishment, and the rule of law. The fragments also contain one of the only positive accounts of democracy in ancient Greek philosophy.","PeriodicalId":194503,"journal":{"name":"Early Greek Ethics","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121516388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early Greek EthicsPub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0004
Mark A. Johnstone
{"title":"On the Ethical Dimension of Heraclitus’ Thought","authors":"Mark A. Johnstone","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"“On the Ethical Dimension of Heraclitus’ Thought” argues that Heraclitus was deeply and centrally interested in ethical questions, understood broadly as questions about how human beings should live. In particular, the chapter argues that Heraclitus held that wisdom is essential for living well, and that most people lack the kind of fundamental insight into the nature of reality in which wisdom consists. Topics covered include Heraclitus’ views on: the good and bad condition of the soul, the nature and sources of wisdom, the reasons why most people remain oblivious to the world in which they live, and the connections between acquiring genuine insight into reality and becoming like god.","PeriodicalId":194503,"journal":{"name":"Early Greek Ethics","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125465396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early Greek EthicsPub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0016
S. Prince
{"title":"Antisthenes’ Ethics","authors":"S. Prince","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758679.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"“Antisthenes’ Ethics” focuses on the treatment of virtue we can recover from the remains of Antisthenes’ own writings, in contrast to doxographic reports. Antisthenes locates virtue in the minds of individual sages, such as fictional characters created by Homer and of his own devising. He appears to associate particular characters with particular virtues, rather than considering them perfect instantiations of simple virtue, and this is consistent with his realism. He requires knowledge or intelligence as both the fabric of virtue and the instrument of its acquisition and exercise. He promotes freedom of individual humans from the constraint of others as both an ethical goal and as a precondition for pursuit of proper virtue.","PeriodicalId":194503,"journal":{"name":"Early Greek Ethics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128288151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：