OCL最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of chemical composition of seed oil and oil cake of Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb.) and its application","authors":"V. Pal, V. Gour, Paras Sharma, A. Choudhary, B. Rekadwad, Joginder Singh, K. Rani","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023015","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this investigation was to examine the antibacterial activity of oil derived from Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb) as well as the chemical composition of seed oil and the proximate analysis of oil cake. The oil content of the seeds is ∼ 17%. The seed oil was analyzed using GC-MS/FID, and the results showed that it contained a variety of fatty acids, such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. When employed with 100 µL, the oil did not demonstrate any antibacterial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis. The oil does not possess any antifungal action against Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The oil cake is rich in protein and minerals. These findings imply that A. excelsa seed oil and oil cake have the potential to be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries after ascertaining its non-toxic nature and absence of antinutrients. The oil is not having antibacterial activity hence it can be used as a part of nutrient media for bacterial cultures.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84549089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Soybean Topical Issue and the upcoming World Soybean Research Conference 11","authors":"J. Vollmann","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023007","url":null,"abstract":"This is anOpe Soybean is the major protein and oilseed crop of the world, which is utilized for the production of livestock feed, numerous food components, and non-food products. In 2021, world soybean production has reached an all-time-high with a global planting area of over 129million hectares. While Brazil and the United States were growing 39 and 34.9mio ha, respectively, the European soybean production area was about 5.5mio ha, of which only about 900 000 ha were grown in the European Union (FAOSTAT, 2023). This topical issue ofOCL on soybean is devoted to relevant questions related to production, breeding, processing, and feeding. In 11 different contributions, the issue provides insights into specific soybean cases discussed at present. The rapid expansion of soybean production in Brazil during the last 30 years is illustrated in terms of geography, yield increase, land protection, and economic importance (Cattelan and Dall’Agnol, 2018); increased soybean production in Brazil is closely associated with increased meat production both in Brazil and world-wide. In contrast, European Union soybean production (Debaeke et al., 2022) is evaluated in the light of its heavy dependency on overseas meal imports for feeding; the study demonstrates that only under a best-case scenario involving reduced meat consumption and thus increased arable land availability, soybean imports could be reduced to 15% by the year 2050. In Central European countries such as Germany, Austria or Switzerland, organic soybean production is gaining in importance. For Switzerland, Klaiss et al. (2020) take a look at the needs of organic soybean production such as weed competitiveness; they identified soy-food production as a main market driver, and they summarized practical organic soybean production guidelines. For simulating soybean production in Iran, crop modelling was implemented by utilizing model parameters from regional experimental results, which revealed potential yields in the range of 1.8 to 4.7 t ha 1 under Iranian growing conditions (Nehbandani et al., 2020). Genetic differences in soybean root architecture traits are of interest both to select for increased di-nitrogen fixation per unit area as well as for drought tolerance, but reliable and high-throughput imaging methods are required for appropriate","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81837121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labor productivity assessment of three different mechanized harvest systems in Colombian oil palm crops","authors":"Mauricio Mosquera-Montoya, Daniel Eduardo Munévar Martínez, Elizabeth Ruiz Alvarez, Carlos Fontanilla-Díaz, Óscar Hernán Salamanca, José María Obregón Esguerra","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023014","url":null,"abstract":"Labor shortages are increasingly problematic in rural areas worldwide and, in particular, in the oil palm sector in Colombia. Therefore, alternative methods and systems that increase labor productivity, such as using machines for collecting and lifting fresh fruit bunches (FFB), are needed. In oil palm cultivation, the most labor-intensive process is harvesting. We aimed to assess the labor productivity (in t · FFB/person/day) of three harvesting systems using mechanized lifting systems (harvest A: manual cutting, manual harvesting using meshes, carts, and livestock and lifting using a hydraulic arm; harvest B: manual cutting, manual harvest using a tractor, and lifting using a side-turning container; and harvest C: manual cutting, mechanized harvest using a tractor-grabber, and lifting using a side-turning container). Two bunch density scenarios were considered. Data were collected from adult palm crops in three oil palm plantations in the Eastern Plains of Colombia, and similar crop yields were obtained. Labor productivity was 1.20–2.53 t · FFB/person/day depending on the FFB density and the harvest system. Finally, the cost per ton harvested was $ 8.9–$ 16.6 per ton, being lower in the systems that demanded fewer personnel. The highest labor productivity and the lowest cost per ton harvested were obtained for harvest C.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76262562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of rapeseed, sunflower and linseed oils on rumen microbial functions in dual effluent fermenters on maize silage-based diet","authors":"L. Broudiscou, A. Quinsac, V. Berthelot, P. Carré, S. Dauguet, C. Peyronnet","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023003","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative information on the concurrent changes in major rumen microbial functions induced by dietary lipids in relation with the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids is scarce. During a three-period essay (9 days per period), rapeseed (Brassica napus L., RO), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., SO) and linseed (Linum usitatissimum L., LO) oils at the high level of 80 g/kg dry matter input (DMI) and a control without oil were compared in four 1-L dual outflow fermenters inoculated with bovine rumen microbiota and maintained on a maize silage-based diet. Neither the fermentation medium pH and redox potential nor starch and protein degradabilities were significantly altered. Oil supply significantly decreased butyrate and methane specific productions of to the benefit of propionate and hydrogen specific productions and decreased the microbial protein outflow and synthesis efficiency while increasing the outflows of ammonia and isovalerate, these effects being amplified by the fatty acids’ unsaturation degree. Besides, with no impact of the degree of unsaturation, oil supply increased the amount of fermented hexose, the productions of all SCFAs except butyrate and the specific production of acetate. The rumen variables apparently sensitive to oil unsaturation degree were thus related either to metabolic hydrogen removal pathways or to protein metabolism.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87075772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of apricot, melon, and watermelon by-products by extracting vegetable oils from their seeds and formulating margarine","authors":"F. Brahmi, Boualem Chennit, Houria Batrouni, Kenza Benallaoua, Khodir Madani, L. Boulekbache‐Makhlouf","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023009","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable oils extracted from seeds and oleaginous fruits are a substantial source of bioactive compounds. In this study, oils of some fruit by-products were investigated and their composition and properties were compared. Apricot (ASO), melon (MSO), and watermelon (WSO) seed oils were extracted by cold pressing. The physico-chemical parameters and the contents of pigments were assessed using standard methods. The values of the physico-chemical parameters revealed the purity of the oils and it was recorded that the WSO has the best contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids, which were 12.43 ± 0.71 mg/kg of oil, and 1.35 ± 0.02 mg equivalent of β-carotene/g oil, respectively. In addition, the oils were analyzed by gas chromatography and their major fatty acids were linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic. The ASO revealed the highest antioxidant activity in the quenching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with inhibition percentage of 89.2 ± 2.3 after 30 minutes of contact. Likewise, the oils were explored for the fortification of margarine. The physicochemical parameters of the formulated margarines comply with the standards. The Rancimat test showed that the highest induction time (16.54 h) was assigned to margarine enriched with 150 μg/g of WSO. Hence, this oil can has numerous applications in other food industries.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82792809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and risks of double cropping in southwestern France with a focus on soybean and sunflower crops","authors":"Julie Pitchers, Nicolas Ferrand, Manon Pull, Sébastien Minette, Mathieu Abella, P. Debaeke","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023016","url":null,"abstract":"Growing a second food, fodder or bioenergy crop during the fallow period commonly refers to sequential double cropping or relay cropping practices, as a function of sowing date (following or within the primary crop, respectively). Such practice may generate an additional income while supplying support and regulation services. As such, it could be referred as a form of ecologically intensive agriculture but also an opportunity offered by climate change. The decision-making process in the adoption of double cropping relies on many factors related to soil and climate conditions, but also on profit expectation and risk perception. The CASDAR project “3C2A: Three crops in two years” (2019–2023) strived to create references for sequential double cropping in the South-West of France, which encompasses the regions of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Occitanie. The project focused mainly on grain crops and raised the interest of the use of oil-protein crops such as soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for such practice. As a preliminary contribution of 3C2A project, this paper aims at illustrating the potential interest of soybean and sunflower as double crops in the South-West of France through a qualitative analysis of farmers’ perceptions about the risks and opportunities of double-cropping completed by a 4-years on-farm evaluation of agronomic and economic performances of this practice (110 fields).","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91188633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Chevreul to lipid chemistry","authors":"C. Leray","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023006","url":null,"abstract":"Michel Eugène Chevreul entered at 17 the laboratory of Vauquelin, at the Museum. He began his investigations on animal fats in 1811. They appear as yet the most complete and the best executed experiments found in all chemistry. For the first time, he combined fractional solution, crystallization, distillation, melting point determination, and ultimate analysis. All started with the isolation of an acid and solid substance, “margaric acid”, the first of a long list of fatty acids isolated from various fats. Studying saponification, he determined that “anhydrous glycerine” was combining with water. After studying human gallstones, he discovered “cholesterine” (cholesterol). From whale spermaceti, he described “cetin” (mainly cetyl palmitate), containing no glycerol. He isolated from sheep fat a new acid he named “stearic acid”. This component was proposed in a joint patent by Chevreul and Gay-Lussac (1825) for the fabrication of very efficient candles. He discovered several volatile fatty acids in cow and goat butter (from C4 to C10). His master work (Recherches chimiques sur les corps gras d’origine animale, 1823b) contains his experimental procedures and his theoretical conclusions on the nature of fats, it may be considered as the first treatise on lipochemistry.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79824779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progresses of the international community to understand sunflower–pollinator interactions through multiscale approaches","authors":"O. Catrice, Srinidhi V. Holalu, S. Terzić, M. Todesco, N. Creux, N. Langlade","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023012","url":null,"abstract":"The first web conference on sunflower–pollinator interactions gathered the international community around a major topic for sunflower productivity and ecosystemic biodiversity. Insect-mediated pollination is important for increasing sunflower seed yield, but is dependent on environmental factors. Climate change can impact sunflower-pollinator interactions by influencing both plant and pollinator behavior. Natural or artificially elevated ambient temperatures appear to accelerate floret development and advance the timing of pollen presentation to coincide with pollinator activities. Drought showed no major effect on morphological traits such anther or corolla length, but dramatically reduced nectar and pollen productions. Flavonol-glycoside conjugates lower head transpiration thereby mitigating deleterious effects of abiotic stresses. Wild pollinators show fine scale preferences among sunflower varieties, likely due to the different resource focus of wild and managed honeybees. Agricultural practices such as planting flower strips to provide nesting sites for wild pollinators, or supplementing crop plots with hives, can have a positive effect on insect-mediated pollination efficiency and ensure optimal yields. All together, recent results on sunflower–pollinator interactions pave the way to develop varieties and corresponding cropping systems more favorable to pollinator biodiversity while maintaining high yields in the context of climate change.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85715450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"F4-neuroprostanes and F2-dihomo-isoprostanes: biomarkers and bioactive oxylipins","authors":"T. Durand, V. Bultel‐Poncé, A. Guy, V. Gros, Guillaume Réversat, C. Vigor, J. Galano, C. Oger","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023008","url":null,"abstract":"Under condition of oxidative stress, free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and adrenic acid (AdA) generates in vivo neuroprostanes (NeuroPs) and dihomo-isoprostanes (dihomo-IsoPs), among a large number of key products participating in many pathophysiological processes. These non-enzymatic oxygenated metabolites display a wide range of biological actions (especially DHA-metabolites), and some of them are now considered as the most reliable indicators of oxidative stress in neurogenerative, neurodevelopmental or cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will present an overview regarding neuroprostanes and dihomo-isoprostanes and discuss about their biological interests.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85956797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impact of a decrease in crude protein content in monogastric feed on oilseeds meals and legumes, prospective approach","authors":"Thomas Guilbaud, N. Martin, W. Lambert, J. Le Cour Grandmaison, Emmanuelle Bourgeat","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023005","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluates the consequences of a change in pig and poultry protein nutrition through compound feed over time in France, on raw materials consumption, economic performances, and environmental impacts. It has been conducted using the “Prospective Aliments” model by Céréopa, which applies the principles of linear programming at a national scale (France). The study is based on a prospective approach. A decrease of 1 and 2 percentage points in pig and poultry feed crude protein (CP) content is applied (CP-1 or CP-2, respectively). As a consequence, consumptions of raw materials for total French compound feed production change drastically, by using rapeseed meals, over soybean meals (−425 000 t for CP-2) and sunflower meals, and including more grains, with maize replacing wheat. This shows that the feed CP content of commercial feed can be decreased at a national scale, yielding significant environmental benefits. This raises the question of developing an incentive-based policy to absorb potential over costs.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91184342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}